Virulence factor discovery identifies associations between the Fic gene family and Fap2 fusobacteria in colorectal cancer microbiomes.

is a bacterium associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis. Fap2 is a fusobacteria-specific outer membrane galactose-binding lectin that mediates adherence to and invasion of CRC tumors. Advances in omics analyses provide an opportunity to profile and identify microbial genomic features that correlate with the cancer-associated bacterial virulence factor Fap2.

Reverse transcriptase inhibitors diminish systemic proinflammatory responses to bacterial pathogens.

Bacterial infections can induce exuberant immune responses that can damage host tissues. Previously, we demonstrated that systemic infection in mice causes tissue damage in the liver. This liver necrosis is associated with the expression of endogenous retroviruses, chromosomally integrated retroviruses that encode a reverse transcriptase.

Benchmarking the Efficacy of Salvage Systemic Therapies for Recurrent Meningioma: A RANO Group Systematic Review and Meta-analysis to Guide Clinical Trial Design.

Background: Despite advances in our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of meningioma progression and innovations in systemic and local treatments, recurrent meningiomas remain a substantial therapeutic challenge. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to provide a historical baseline, contemporary analysis, and propose a "rate of probable interest" to inform future clinical trial design and development on behalf of the RANO meningioma group.

Methods: PubMed, ClinicalTrials.

Clinicopathologic and Molecular Characterization of Basal Cell Carcinoma Arising at Sun-protected Sites.

Basal cell carcinomas (BCC) are driven primarily by cumulative ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure resulting in activation of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway, often as a result of UV-mediated Patched-1 (PTCH1) gene inactivation. Accordingly, BCCs most commonly arise at sun-exposed sites such as the head and neck. Very rarely, BCCs can arise at sun-protected sites such as the genital skin and perianal area.

Graphene-based single-atom catalysts for electrochemical CO reduction: unraveling the roles of metals and dopants in tuning activity.

Discovering electrocatalysts that can efficiently convert carbon dioxide (CO) to valuable fuels and feedstocks using excess renewable electricity is an emergent carbon-neutral technology. A single metal atom embedded in doped graphene, , single-atom catalyst (SAC), possesses high activity and selectivity for electrochemical CO reduction (COR) to CO, yet further reduction to hydrocarbons is challenging. Here, using density functional theory calculations, we investigate stability and reactivity of a broad SAC chemical space with various metal centers (3d transition metals) and dopants (2p dopants of B, N, O; 3p dopants of P, S) as electrocatalysts for COR to methane and methanol.

Effect of Older Age on Postoperative Urinary Retention After Prolapse Surgery.

Importance: Postoperative urinary retention (POUR) is common after reconstructive pelvic surgery. Little is known about the relationship between older age (≥70 years) and POUR after pelvic organ prolapse surgery.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the relationship between age ≥70 years and POUR.

Blended phenotype of TECPR2-associated hereditary sensory-autonomic neuropathy and Temple syndrome.

Uniparental isodisomy (UPiD) can cause mixed phenotypes of imprinting disorders and autosomal-recessive diseases. We present the case of a 3-year-old male with a blended phenotype of TECPR2-related hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy (HSAN9) and Temple syndrome (TS14) due to maternal UPiD of chromosome 14, which includes a loss-of-function founder variant in the TECPR2 gene [NM_014844.5: c.

Clinical criteria for limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy.

Limbic predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathologic change (LATE-NC) is highly prevalent in late life and a common co-pathology with Alzheimer's disease neuropathologic change (ADNC). LATE-NC is a slowly progressive, amnestic clinical syndrome. Alternatively, when present with ADNC, LATE-NC is associated with a more rapid course.

Increased SOX10, p16, and Cyclin D1 Immunoreactivity Differentiates MAP Kinase-activated Low-grade Gliomas From Piloid Gliosis.

Low-grade gliomas and reactive piloid gliosis can present with overlapping features on conventional histology. Given the large implications for patient treatment, there is a need for effective methods to discriminate these morphologically similar but clinically distinct entities. Using routinely available stains, we hypothesize that a limited panel including SOX10, p16, and cyclin D1 may be useful in differentiating mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase-activated low-grade gliomas from piloid gliosis.

Exposure Contrasts of Women Aged 40-79 Years during the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Randomized Controlled Trial.

Exposure to household air pollution has been linked to adverse health outcomes among women aged 40-79. Little is known about how shifting from biomass cooking to a cleaner fuel like liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) could impact exposures for this population. We report 24-h exposures to particulate matter (PM), black carbon (BC), and carbon monoxide (CO) among women aged 40 to <80 years participating in the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network trial.

The potential impact of climate change on medication access and quality deserves far more attention.

Notwithstanding the obvious interconnection between humans and the world that they share with non-human inhabitants, the impact of our changing climate on certain aspects of the public health ecosystem has been under-investigated. We briefly describe some of the possible climate-induced changes in the procurement, distribution, access and use of medications, including those for animals generally and livestock specifically. A fuller understanding of the effect of climate change on medicine supply, access, use and quality, including how these affect antimicrobial resistance, would contribute to the further development of the "One Health" and "One Health Systems" concepts.

Disentangling emotional source memory: a mega-analysis on the effects of emotion on item-context binding in episodic long-term memory.

Introduction: It has long been known that highly arousing emotional single items are better recollected than low arousing neutral items. Despite the robustness of this memory advantage, emotional arousing events may not always promote the retrieval of source details (i.e.

A Student-Informed Guide for Success on the OB/GYN Clerkship.

The obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN) clerkship is a uniquely enriching and challenging rotation for medical students. Available literature prepares students for medicine and surgery clerkships, but few guides identify and discuss the unique characteristics of OB/GYN that impact student learning and performance during the clerkship. Here, we aim to highlight the specific clinical learning environments, emotionally sensitive experiences, and technical performance expectations that students should anticipate and be prepared for in the OB/GYN clerkship.

Prognostic significance of immune reconstitution following CD19 CAR T-cell therapy for relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphoma.

Immune deficits after CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy can be long-lasting, predisposing patients to infections and non-relapse mortality. In B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL), the prognostic impact of immune reconstitution (IR) remains ill-defined, and detailed cross-product comparisons have not been performed to date. In this retrospective observational study, we longitudinally characterized lymphocyte subsets and immunoglobulin levels in 105 B-NHL patients to assess patterns of immune recovery arising after CD19 CAR-T.

Outcomes following resective and disconnective strategies in the treatment of epileptic spasms: a systematic review of the literature and individual patient data meta-analysis.

Epileptic spasms (ES) are a unique seizure type typically presenting in the form of infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS) with characteristic hypsarrhythmia on scalp EEG and a preponderance with developmental delay or regression. While pharmacotherapy is the mainstay of treatment, surgical options, including disconnective or resective procedures, are increasingly recognized as viable therapeutic options for recurrent or persistent ES. However, limited data on safety, effectiveness, and prognostic factors hinder informed decision-making regarding surgery indications, timing, and intervention type.

De Novo Atherosclerotic Renal Artery Stenosis Covered Stent Treatment for Resistant Hypertension (ARTISAN) Results.

Background: Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) may provoke hypertension and/or impaired kidney function. Some patients develop uncontrolled hypertension and deteriorating kidney function despite optimal medical therapy. In these patients, endovascular treatment is an important therapeutic option.

Percutaneous Mechanical Aspiration for Infective Endocarditis: Proceedings From an Inaugural Multidisciplinary Summit and Comprehensive Review.

The clinical presentation and epidemiology of infective endocarditis (IE) have evolved over time. While the cornerstones of IE treatment remain antimicrobial therapy and surgery, percutaneous mechanical aspiration (PMA) has emerged as an option for carefully selected patients as a complementary modality, based on retrospective data, case series, and expert experience. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the proceedings from an inaugural summit dedicated to the discussion of PMA in the global management of IE, consisting of experts across multiple disciplines from diverse geographic regions and care environments.

Real-World Utilization Patterns of Oral Corticosteroids During Pregnancy: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Korea.

Oral corticosteroids (OCS) are frequently used during pregnancy, but patterns of their usage and indications are understudied. We described OCS utilization among pregnant women in South Korea using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment database, 2010-2021. Among 4,574,294 pregnancies, 6.

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Super High-Pressure Balloon (SIS-OPN) for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Introduction: The super high-pressure NC balloon (OPN NC; SIS Medical AG, Winterthur, Switzerland) is increasingly used in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of its efficacy and safety.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted using PubMed and the Cochrane Library to identify studies using the OPN NC balloon in PCI.

Direct-to-consumer semen analysis products: Content, accountability, and adherence to clinical guidelines.

Background: Direct-to-consumer (DTC) semen analysis (SA) products obviate barriers that deter men from clinic testing and have made strides in providing higher quality data. However, it is unclear how well these products adhere to the 2021 WHO guidelines on examination and processing of human spermatozoa as they pertain to the evaluation of male fertility.

Objective: We investigate the content and adherence to clinical guidelines associated with consumer-facing information on DTC analysis products.

Identifying genetic differences between bipolar disorder and major depression through multiple genome-wide association analyses.

Background: Accurate diagnosis of bipolar disorder (BPD) is difficult in clinical practice, with an average delay between symptom onset and diagnosis of about 7 years. A depressive episode often precedes the first manic episode, making it difficult to distinguish BPD from unipolar major depressive disorder (MDD).

Aims: We use genome-wide association analyses (GWAS) to identify differential genetic factors and to develop predictors based on polygenic risk scores (PRS) that may aid early differential diagnosis.