A Call for Rigorous Research Investment in women's Health.

Worldwide, women face a disproportionately heavy health burden than their male counterparts. Yet there is a chronic lack of research attention and investment in women's health, which may explain the absence of women-inclusive, let alone women-centred, understanding of the causes, consequences, and confounding factors that shape individuals' health and quality of life. In this manuscript, by analysing the U.

Correlation of Cytokine Profiles with Prostate-Specific Antigen and Disease Grade in Prostate Cancer.

BACKGROUND The development and progression of prostate cancer are multistep processes involving several growth factors, hormones, and cytokines. This study aimed to measure the serum concentrations of different cytokines and determine their correlation with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and disease grade in patients with prostate adenocarcinoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2023 to March 2024 at the Clinic of Oncology of the University Hospital Center in Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Linguistic markedness and body specificity in parity judgments: evidence from a go/no-go task.

In two experiments we tested the contribution of linguistic markedness and affective evaluation (i.e., body specificity) to the representation of abstract numerical concepts, such as parity.

Impact of on-hours versus off-hours admission on outcome in pediatric patients with testicular torsion.

Objectives: Testicular torsion (TT) is an emergency requiring timely surgery to prevent testicular loss. There is a lack of reports on the clinical significance of the time of admission (on-hours vs. off-hours) on the long-term surgical outcome of TT.

Assessing attitudes toward research and plagiarism among medical students: a multi-site study.

Background: Research involves the systematic collection and analysis of data to enhance understanding of a particular phenomenon. Participation in medical research is crucial for advancing healthcare practices. However, there has been limited focus on understanding the factors that motivate medical students to engage in research.

Toward a common interpretation of the 3Rs principles in animal research.

Many scientific breakthroughs have depended on animal research, yet the ethical concerns surrounding the use of animals in experimentation have long prompted discussions about humane treatment and responsible scientific practice. First articulated by Russell and Burch, the 3Rs Principles of Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement have gained widespread recognition as basic guidelines for animal research. Over time, the 3Rs have transcended the research community, influencing policy decisions, animal welfare advocacy and public perception of animal experimentation.

MULTICOMPONENT EDUCATIONAL-REHABILITATION TREATMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN STROKE SURVIVORS.

This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a multicomponent educational-rehabilitation intervention in mitigating the occurrence and intensity of depressive symptoms among stroke patients. A prospective, randomized clinical trial was conducted at the Clinic for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Clinical Center Tuzla. Seventy stroke patients were divided into two groups: the first group (N=40) underwent a multicomponent educational-rehabilitation treatment tailored to individual plans and programs, consisting of 45 minutes daily for five working days a week, totaling 20 sessions.

TRAUMA REENACTMENT AND WAR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN WAR-AFFECTED POPULATION IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF WAR IN UKRAINE ON MENTAL HEALTH.

This study aimed to assess the impact of the war in Ukraine on the mental health of individuals who had previously experienced the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. A total of 649 respondents aged 35 and above, who were either directly recruited or indirectly affected as civilians during the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina, participated in this cross-sectional survey. The World Health Organization's Impact Event Scale (IES) and Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) were used to measure the impact of war events in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Ukraine on the respondents and to assess their mental health, respectively.

The effect of miR-205a with RUNX2 towards proliferation and differentiation of chicken chondrocytes in thiram-induced tibial dyschondroplasia.

Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a kind of metabolic bone disease in fast-growing broilers, which seriously restricts the development of poultry industry. Our previous studies have revealed a significant upregulation of miR-205a in TD cartilage tissue, suggesting its potential role as a regulatory factor in the pathogenesis of TD. However, the precise function implications and underlying regulatory mechanism remain elusive.

AdeABC, AdeFGH, and AdeIJK efflux pumps as key factors in tigecycline resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii: a study from Western Balkan hospitals.

Purpose: The present study investigated the role of resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) efflux pumps in tigecycline resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates recovered from three Western Balkan countries (Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro).

Methods: A total of 37 A. baumannii isolates recovered from seven tertiary care hospitals in 2016 and 2022 were tested against tigecycline using broth microdilution method.

Cytomorphological and histomorphological features of lung adenocarcinoma with epidermal growth factor receptor mutation and anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene rearrangement.

Lung cancer is among the lethal and most prevalent oncological diseases globally. It is known that two types of mutations, namely anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangement and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutation, are responsible for the development of lung adenocarcinoma. The present study aimed to investigate the differences in the frequency of clinical, cytomorphological and histomorphological features of ALK and EGFR-positive lung adenocarcinomas.

Comparative analysis of diatom testing and histopathological examination in lungs: An experimental study in Wistar rats.

Microscopic signs indicative of drowning are not specific to drowning but also to any other form of suffocation where mechanical obstruction is involved. Our study aimed to evaluate both macroscopic and microscopic findings across different groups sharing a common mechanism of death but differing causes and to compare the diatom test with pathohistological examination.Twenty-nine adult Wistar rats, weighing within recommended ranges, were divided into four groups (L1-L4).

Modulation of Notch signaling pathway in activated hepatic stellate cells does not ameliorate the outcome of liver fibrosis in carbon tetrachloride and DDC-feeding models.

Background: Recent research suggests a possible role of Notch signaling pathway in development of liver fibrosis, but exact cellular and molecular mechanisms are still not well defined. Methods: We modulated Notch signaling in activated hepatic stellate cells/myofibroblasts using the model of inducible activation or inhibition of Notch signaling selective for αSMA positive cells in murine models of toxic fibrosis induced by CCl4 and cholestatic fibrosis induced by DDC supplemented feeding.

Results: Our results confirm that Notch signaling pathway is activated in both CCL4 and DDC model of liver fibrosis and that αSMA positive myofibroblasts are of activated hepatic stellate cells origin.

Gastric Cancer Risk among Immigrants and Socioeconomic Groups in the Netherlands.

Background: Identification of groups at a high risk of gastric cancer could facilitate targeted screening in countries with a low gastric cancer incidence. Our aim was to identify such high-risk groups based on individual-level population data on migration history and socioeconomic status (SES) in the Netherlands.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, patient data from the Netherlands Cancer Registry were linked to demographic data of Statistics Netherlands in the period 2010 to 2022.

Analysis of excessive corticosteroid use as an indicator of poor quality of care in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical impact of corticosteroids (CS) overuse in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Excessive use of CS could delay more efficacious treatment and may indicate poor quality of care.

Method: This is a two-phase study that used Steroid Assessment Tool (SAT) to measure corticosteroid exposure in IBD patients.

The influence of anthropometric parameters on the concentration of globulin that binds sex hormones during the menopausal transition.

Aim: To determine the effect of body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) on the concentration of circulating sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) throughout the menopausal transition.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 150 women divided into three groups: premenopausal (n=50), perimenopausal (n=50), and postmenopausal (n=50). The processing of the test women consisted of three phases: interview, blood sampling and determination of BMI and WHR.

Is there any difference in Lactobacillus abundance between age groups during ovarian stimulation in fresh in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles?

Aim: To investigate an influence of age and body mass index (BMI) as determinants of infertility treatment success in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures confirmed so far, on the amount of Lactobacilus spp. (LS) and Gardnerella vaginalis (GV) in the endometrium in fresh IVF cycles at the time of embryo transfer.

Methods: This a prospective single-centre study included patients who underwent fresh embryo transfer (ET) in a private IVF Centre.

Prevalence of respiratory distress syndrome in premature twins compared to premature singletons.

Aim: To estimate prevalence of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm twins compared to preterm singletons.

Methods: This is a retrospective observational point prevalence study conducted at the level of three neonatal intensive care units. Medical records of all preterm newborns (<37 weeks of gestation) with respiratory distress syndrome treated in a two-year period were reviewed.

The correlation between nutritional status and diet quality with acute respiratory infections in preschool children aged 5 to 7 years.

Aim: To investigate the relationship between nutritional status (NS) and diet quality (DQ) with the frequency of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in children aged 5 to 7 years.

Methods: Data were obtained through questionnaires. Anthropometric measurement, correlations between body mass index (BMI) and DQ with frequency of ARIs were analysed.

Ultrasonographic parameters of the liver, spleen and kidney in a healthy paediatric population in Bosnia and Herzegovina: a prospective study.

Aim: To determine the normative range of ultrasound dimensions for the liver, spleen and kidneys in healthy children according to gender, age, body measurements, body surface area (BSA), and the influence of ethnicity on organ size.

Methods: The prospective study included children, ranging from full-term neonates to children aged 15, with normal ultrasonographic (US) findings of the liver, spleen and kidney and no clinical evidence of a disease. Gender, age, as well as body measurements and BSA, were determined for each child along with US measurements, and normative ranges were established.

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the period 2018-2022: current trends, usage of automated external defibrillators (AED) and bystanders' involvement.

Aim: To investigate out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) trend, provided advanced life support (ALS) measures, automated external defibrillator (AEDs) utilization and bystanders' involvement in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) during OHCA incidents.

Methods: This cross-sectional study encompassed data pertaining to all OHCA incidents attended to by the Emergency Medical Service of Canton Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, covering the period from January 2018 to December 2022.

Results: Among a total of 1131 OHCA events, 236 (20.