Effectiveness of Bisphosphonates in Young Adults with Fragility Fractures: Representative Population-Based Cohort Study.

Context: Fragility fractures in young adults present significant clinical challenges due to the limited evidence on the effectiveness of bisphosphonates in preventing subsequent fractures.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of bisphosphonate therapy in reducing the fracture risk among premenopausal women with a history of osteoporotic fractures.

Design: A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC) in South Korea, covering the years 2003 to 2014.

The combination of CDX2 expression status and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte density as a prognostic factor in adjuvant FOLFOX-treated patients with stage III colorectal cancers.

Background: Colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) with caudal-type homeobox 2 (CDX2) loss are recognized to pursue an aggressive behavior but tend to be accompanied by a high density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). However, little is known about whether there is an interplay between CDX2 loss and TIL density in the survival of patients with CRC.

Methods: Stage III CRC tissues were assessed for CDX2 loss using immunohistochemistry and analyzed for their densities of CD8 TILs in both intraepithelial (iTILs) and stromal areas using a machine learning-based analytic method.

Novel therapeutic strategy for intractable keloids: Suppression of intracellular mechanotransduction and actin polymerisation via Rho-kinase pathway inhibition.

Background: Keloid is a dermal fibrotic disorder characterised by excessive extracellular matrix production by fibroblasts. Despite the significance of mechanostimulation in fibrotic diseases, its association with keloid pathophysiology or treatment remains unexplored.

Objective: We investigated the role of mechanical force in keloid formation and elucidated the significance of Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing kinase 1 (ROCK1) as a mechanoresponsive target for keloid treatment.

Predictive Biomarkers of Lymph Node Metastasis in Early Gastric Cancer: A Reference of Clinicopathological Characteristics, Protein Expression, Epstein-Barr Virus Status, and Microsatellite Instability.

Background/aim: Predicting lymph node metastasis (LNM) in early gastric cancer (EGC) is crucial for making treatment decisions. This study aimed to confirm risk factors for LNM and identify novel auxiliary biomarkers for predicting LNM in EGC.

Patients And Methods: We established a training set, comprising 63 patients with LNM-EGC and 274 patients with non-LNM EGC, and a test set, comprising 19 patients with LNM-EGC and 146 non-LNM EGC.

Increased CCL2/CCR2 axis promotes tumor progression by increasing M2 macrophages in MYC/BCL2 double-expressor DLBCL.

The pathogenesis of myelocytomatosis oncogene (MYC) and B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) double-expressor diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DE-DLBCL) remains unclear. To investigate how MYC and BCL2 contribute to tumor aggressiveness, we analyzed tumors from 14 patients each with DE-DLBCL and non-DE-DLBCL using whole transcriptome sequencing. Validation was performed using publicly available data sets, tumor tissues from 126 patients, DLBCL cell lines, and a syngeneic mouse lymphoma model.

Spatially Resolved Whole-Transcriptomic and Proteomic Profiling of Lung Cancer and Its Immune Microenvironment According to PD-L1 Expression.

The expression of PD-L1 on tumor cells (TC) is used as an immunotherapy biomarker in lung cancer, but heterogeneous intratumoral expression is often observed. To better understand heterogeneity in the lung cancer tumor microenvironment, we performed proteomic and whole-transcriptomic digital spatial profiling analyses of TCs and immune cells (IC) in spatially matched areas based on tumor PD-L1 expression and the status of the immune microenvironment. We validated our findings using IHC, data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, and immunotherapy cohorts.

How to Achieve Further Progress of Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society (JKNS) - Improve the Impact Factor (IF) and Maintain It Continuously.

Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society (JKNS), which has a history of over 50 years, has made great progress recently. In order to continue this progress in the future, we need to think about the strategies we will take and put them into practice. The progress of JKNS is an important opportunity to publicize the achievements of Korean neurosurgery to the world and for Korea to contribute further to global neurosurgery.

Neglected Superior Ophthalmic Vein Enlargement before Delayed Symptom of Carotid-Cavernous Fistula in a Blowout Fracture: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) is a rare condition. However, it should be suspected when there are traumatic facial fractures, because if not diagnosed, it can lead to permanent damage such as blindness. Traumatic CCF often presents delayed symptoms, and delayed diagnosis without prompt treatment can lead to permanent injuries in optic and cranial nerves III, IV, V, and VI as well as intracranial hemorrhage.

A Computed Tomography-Based Fracture Prediction Model With Images of Vertebral Bones and Muscles by Employing Deep Learning: Development and Validation Study.

Background: With the progressive increase in aging populations, the use of opportunistic computed tomography (CT) scanning is increasing, which could be a valuable method for acquiring information on both muscles and bones of aging populations.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop and externally validate opportunistic CT-based fracture prediction models by using images of vertebral bones and paravertebral muscles.

Methods: The models were developed based on a retrospective longitudinal cohort study of 1214 patients with abdominal CT images between 2010 and 2019.

Correction: Hill et al. A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of a Krill Oil, Astaxanthin, and Oral Hyaluronic Acid Complex on Joint Health in People with Mild Osteoarthritis. 2023, , 3769.

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Identification and characterization of plasma proteins associated with intra-amniotic inflammation and/or infection in women with preterm labor.

This study aimed to identify plasma proteins that could serve as potential biomarkers for microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) or intra-amniotic inflammation (IAI) in women with preterm labor (PTL). A retrospective cohort comprised singleton pregnant women with PTL (24-34 weeks) who underwent amniocentesis. Pooled plasma samples were analyzed by label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for proteome profiling in a nested case-control study (concomitant MIAC/IAI cases vs.

Durable-polymer versus biodegradable-polymer drug-eluting stents in acute coronary syndromes: three-year outcomes of the HOST REDUCE POLYTECH RCT Trial.

Background: Long-term follow-up is essential to evaluate the impact of polymer degradation in drug-eluting stents (DES).

Aims: We aimed to compare durable-polymer DES (DP-DES) and biodegradable-polymer DES (BP-DES) during a 3-year follow-up to evaluate the entire period of polymer resolution (before, during, and after degradation).

Methods: The HOST REDUCE POLYTECH RCT Trial was a randomised clinical trial enrolling patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and comparing the efficacy and safety of DP-DES and BP-DES.

Are sporadic colorectal cancers in young patients distinct from those in elderly patients?

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the clinicopathological and oncological characteristics of sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) between young and elderly patients without any genetic mutations that cause hereditary CRC.

Method: In this cross-sectional, retrospective study conducted at three tertiary referral hospitals, we enrolled 1599 patients with CRC who underwent surgery between January 2010 and December 2017, including 157 young patients (age ≤ 40 years; yCRC) and 1442 elderly patients (age ≥ 70 years; eCRC). The clinicopathological and oncological outcomes were compared between the two groups.

Comparison of Breast Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology and Tissue Sampling for High-Throughput Proteomic Analysis and Cancer Biomarker Detection.

Introduction: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) specimens are widely utilized for the diagnosis and molecular testing of various cancers. We performed a comparative proteomic analysis of three different sample types, including breast FNAC, core needle biopsy (CNB), and surgical resection tissues. Our goal was to evaluate the suitability of FNAC for in-depth proteomic analysis and for identifying potential therapeutic biomarkers in breast cancer.

Concomitant expression patterns of CDX2 and SATB2 as prognostic factors in stage III colorectal cancers.

CDX2 and SATB2 are often used as biomarkers for identification of colorectal origin in primary or metastatic adenocarcinomas. Loss of CDX2 or SATB2 expression has been associated with poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). However, little is known regarding clinicopathological features, including prognosis, of CRCs with concomitant loss of CDX2 and SATB2.

Important Radiologic and Clinical Factors for Predicting Overall Survival in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Patients Who Underwent FOLFIRINOX.

Background: To predict poor overall survival (OS) in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) who underwent FOLFIRINOX (5-fluorouracil/leucovorin/irinotecan/oxaliplatin) using clinical and computed tomography (CT) findings.

Methods: A total of 189 patients with PAC who received FOLFIRINOX were retrospectively included. Two reviewers assessed CT findings and resectability based on National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines.

Correlation between low skeletal muscle index and 3D anthropometric data measured by 3D body scanner: screening sarcopenia.

Background: The screening tools for sarcopenia are measuring calf circumference, SARC-F or SPPB. However, not all of these tools have high sensitivity, specificity, and low margins of error. This research investigates potential of 3D anthropometry of the lower extremities on screening of sarcopenia.

Predictive potential of various plasma inflammation-, angiogenesis-, and extracellular matrix remodeling-associated mediators for intra-amniotic inflammation and/or microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity in preterm labor.

Purpose: To determine whether various inflammatory-, angiogenic/anti-angiogenic-, and extracellular matrix remodeling-associated proteins in plasma, alone or in combination with conventional blood-based markers, can predict intra-amniotic inflammation and/or microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (IAI/MIAC) in women with spontaneous preterm labor (PTL).

Methods: A total of 193 singleton pregnant women with PTL (23-33 weeks) were included in this retrospective cohort study. Plasma samples were obtained at the time of amniocentesis.

FLI-1 is expressed in a wide variety of hematolymphoid neoplasms: a special concern in the differential diagnosis.

Friend Leukemia Virus Integration 1 (FLI-1) is a member of E26 transformation-specific family of transcription factors that participates in hematopoietic and vascular endothelial cell development. Immunohistochemical detection of FLI-1 has been widely used to diagnose vascular tumors or, more evidently, Ewing's sarcoma. However, the expression pattern of FLI-1 in hematolymphoid neoplasms remains unclear.