Gut microbiota and graft-versus-host disease in hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients.

Background And Objectives: Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) frequently complicates hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Emerging evidence suggests a correlation between gut microbiota and GvHD risk. This study aims to elucidate the microbiota profiles in HSCT patients before and after transplantation and their association with GvHD.

Evaluation of the Incidence and Stage of Oral Mucositis in Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Retrospective Study.

Aim: This study aims to retrospectively evaluate the incidence and stage of oral mucositis in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Methods: A total of 102 patient records of patients hospitalized between 2014 and 2019 in the adult hematopoietic stem cell transplantation clinic of a tertiary university hospital in Turkey were evaluated. Data were collected through a retrospective evaluation of patient records.

Effect of Donor/Recipient ABO Mismatch on Outcome of Allogenic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Children: Single-Center Study.

ABO blood group mismatch between donor and recipient is thought to be associated with several immunopharmacological complications but is not considered a major contraindication to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, the impact of such a mismatch on overall survival, transplant-related mortality, graft-versus-host disease, and time to neutrophil and platelet engraftment seems to be conflicting. This retrospective cohort was carried out on children and adolescents who underwent allogenic HSCT between January 2016 and January 2023.

Clinical features, treatment options and outcomes in primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas: a real-world, multicenter, retrospective study.

Background: Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas (PCBCLs) are rare cutaneous neoplasms with limited literature regarding treatment options and associated treatment outcomes. This study aimed to investigate and present real-world treatment outcomes in patients with PCBCLs.

Methods: All patients with PCBCL who were treated in five major referral centers for cutaneous lymphoma in Greece over 10 years were retrospectively included with their baseline characteristics and treatment-associated outcomes collected and analyzed.

Translational Research on Azacitidine Post-Remission Therapy of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Elderly Patients (QOL-ONE Trans-2).

The achievement of complete remission (CR) is crucial for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients undertaking curative therapy, but relapse often occurs within months, highlighting the need for strategies to prolong disease-free survival (DFS). Our phase III study compared the efficacy and safety of azacitidine (AZA) to best supportive care (BSC) in elderly AML patients who achieved CR following intensive induction and consolidation therapy. This ancillary study (QOL-ONE Trans-2) evaluated biological changes in bone marrow using Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS).

Murine Regulatory CD4 T Cells Are Increased in Leukemic Spleens and Show High Co-Expression of Co-Regulatory Molecules CD39, CD73, PD1, and TIGIT.

Comprehensive characterization of AML-associated T cells during disease progression is essential to identify relevant immune escape mechanisms and new immunotherapeutic approaches. Investigating the processes that lead to an immunosuppressive environment under progression of AML is difficult in humans, because by the time of diagnosis the disease is often progressed far beyond the initial stages. Therefore, to investigate T-cell phenotypes during progression a C57BL/6 mouse model was used.

Methotrexate, Hydrocortisone, Vincristine, Sobuzoxane, and Etoposide Is an Effective Option for Relapsed T-cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia with Loss of CD52 Expression after Retreatment with Alemtuzumab.

T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL) is a rare and highly aggressive mature T-cell neoplasm. Although the response rate to alemtuzumab, an anti-CD52 antibody, is high, it is difficult to cure the disease with this agent alone. Therefore, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is recommended for eligible patients.

Bone marrow versus peripheral blood allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for haematological malignancies in adults.

Background: Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is an established treatment option for many malignant and non-malignant haematological disorders. Peripheral blood stem cells represent the main stem cell source in malignant diseases due to faster engraftment and practicability issues compared with bone marrow stem cells. Since the early 2000s, there have been many developments in the clinical field.

Enhancing Late Retinopathy of Prematurity Outcomes with Fresh Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells and Melatonin Combination Therapy.

Introduction: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a vasoproliferative disease affecting premature neonates with life-lasting impacts. This study aims to investigate the long-term functional outcomes and alterations in neural retina architecture following the intravitreal transplantation of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) in the rat models of ROP, and to evaluate the effect of adjunctive therapy with melatonin.

Methods: 32 neonate rats were employed.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing stromal cell- derived factor 1 aid in bone formation in osteoporotic mice.

Background: Osteoporosis is characterized by low systemic bone mineral content and destruction of bone microarchitecture. Promoting bone regeneration and reversing its loss by infusion of exogenous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is a potentially effective treatment for osteoporosis. However, their limited migration to target organs reduces the therapeutic effect of the cells.

Neutrophil pyroptosis regulates corneal wound healing and post-injury neovascularisation.

Rationale: The cornea is a unique structure that maintains its clarity by remaining avascular. Corneal injuries can lead to neovascularisation (CNV) and fibrosis and are the third most common cause of blindness worldwide.

Objective: Corneal injuries induce an immune cell infiltration to initiate reparative processes.

One-Step Cartilage Repair of Full-Thickness Knee Chondral Lesions Using a Hyaluronic Acid-Based Scaffold Embedded With Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate: Long-term Outcomes After Mean Follow-up Duration of 14 Years.

Background: One-step cell-based techniques of cartilage repair that lead to restoration of durable chondral tissue and long-term maintenance of joint function are cost-effective and ideal for routine use.

Purposes: To examine the long-term clinical outcomes, after a mean follow-up duration of 14 years, of cartilage repair in the knee using a hyaluronic acid-based scaffold in association with bone marrow aspirate concentrate (HA-BMAC) and to evaluate the effect of age, lesion characteristics, and associated treatments on the outcome of this cartilage repair method.

Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Effectiveness of high efficiency particulate (HEPA) air condition combined with the antifungal prophylaxis on incidence, morbidity and mortality of invasive fungal infections in patients with acute myeloid leukemia: a retrospective single-center study.

Introduction: Our monocentric and retrospective study aimed to investigate the clinical effectivity of HEPA filters in combination with the antifungal drug prophylaxis in patients with AML undergoing intensive chemotherapy and allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT).

Methods/results: We included 177 patients between 2005 and 2015 representing a total of 372 in-hospital stays, 179 in the HEPA cohort (+HEPA) and 193 in the cohort without HEPA filters (-HEPA). No significant additional benefit of HEPA filtration on the risk reduction of IFI was observed.

Analysis of early and treatment related deaths among children and adolescents with acute myeloid leukemia in Poland: 2005-2023.

Background: A personalised approach to the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in children and adolescents, as well as the development of supportive therapies, has significantly improved survival. Despite this, some patients still die before starting treatment or in an early phase of therapy before achieving remission. The study analysed the frequency, clinical features and risk factors for early deaths (ED) and treatment related deaths (TRD) of children and adolescents with AML.

Identification of CD141vasculogenic precursor cells from human bone marrow and their endothelial engagement in the arteriogenesis by co-transplantation with mesenchymal stem cells.

Background: Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is a condition characterized by insufficient blood flow to the lower limbs, resulting in severe ischemia and potentially leading to amputation. This study aims to identify novel vasculogenic precursor cells (VPCs) in human bone marrow and evaluate their efficacy in combination with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) for the treatment of CLI.

Methods: Ex vivo cultured VPCs and BM-MSCs from bone marrow were characterized and their effects on neovascularization and long-term tissue regeneration were tested in a mouse CLI model.

Photobiomodulation for the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis in patients submitted to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: health quality evaluation.

Objective: To evaluate the quality of oral health care through indicators in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for the management of oral mucositis.

Methods: Thirty-five patients were evaluated. Photobiomodulation was performed during the conditioning regimen, 1 day, 5 days, and 10 days after transplantation.

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Biomarker for Clinical Response After Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Systemic Sclerosis.

Introduction: Systemic sclerosis is a complex disease that affects various target organs, making it difficult to assess response and determine remission or relapse. A baseline Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) >2.95 is associated with severe progressive skin and lung disease and decreased 5-year survival in systemic sclerosis (SSc).

Outcomes Following Autologous Osteochondral Transplantation for Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus at 10-Year Follow-Up: A Retrospective Review.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate outcomes following autologous osteochondral transplantation (AOT) for the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) at a minimum of 10-year follow-up.

Design: Retrospective chart review identified patients who underwent AOT for the treatment of OLT. Pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were obtained in all patients.