Local corticosteroid injection versus surgery for carpal tunnel syndrome.

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a very common clinical syndrome manifested by signs and symptoms of irritation of the median nerve at the carpal tunnel in the wrist. Direct and indirect costs of CTS are substantial, with estimated costs of two billion US dollars for CTS surgery in the USA alone. Local corticosteroid injection has been used as a non-surgical treatment for CTS for many years, but its effectiveness is still debated.

A Systematic Review on the Prevalence and Risk of Orthorexia Nervosa in Health Workers and Students.

Extensive knowledge on nutrition and dieting has been associated with an increased risk of orthorexia (an obsession with food that one considers healthy) within the research literature. A systematic review was conducted to identify the prevalence of orthorexia in individuals who were employed in, or studying, health careers. The databases Psychinfo and Pubmed were searched to obtain research articles.

Reporting patient experiences within elective perioperative care: a scoping review.

Patient experience is an important descriptor of the human experience of healthcare. Specifically, it is described as the sum of all interactions, shaped by an organization's culture, that influence patient perceptions, across the continuum of care. Currently, patient experience is measured with a focus on the hospital experience.

Effect of a Group-Based Personal Assistive RObot (PARO) Robot Intervention on Cognitive Function, Autonomic Nervous System Function, and Mental Well-being in Older Adults with Mild Dementia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: Personal Assistive RObot (PARO) interventions have been used to treat agitation and mood symptoms of dementia effectively. However, the effects of a PARO intervention on physiological and cognitive function are unclear. To examine the effects of a group-based PARO intervention for older adults with mild dementia.

The temporal dynamics of familiar face recognition: Event-related brain potentials reveal the efficient activation of facial identity representations.

While it is widely known that humans are typically highly accurate at recognizing familiar faces, it is less clear how efficiently recognition is achieved. In a series of three experiments, we used event-related brain potentials (ERP) in a repetition priming paradigm to examine the efficiency of familiar face recognition. Specifically, we varied the presentation time of the prime stimulus between 500 ms and 33 ms (Experiments 1 and 2), and additionally used backward masks (Experiment 3) to prevent the potential occurrence of visual aftereffects.

General practitioners' assessment and management of chronic kidney disease in older patients- a mixed methods study.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is commonly managed in general practice, with established guidelines for diagnosis and management. CKD is more prevalent in the older population, and is associated with lifestyle diseases as well as social deprivation. Older patients also commonly experience multimorbidity.

A Systematic Review on Conditions Before and After Training of Teamwork Competencies and the Effect on Transfer of Skills to the Clinical Workplace.

We conducted a systematic review to assess if any condition before- or after simulation-based training of teamwork competencies for healthcare professionals affects learning or transfer of skills to the clinical environment.We searched CINAHL, Medline, and Embase for studies published between January 1, 2011, and July 10, 2023. We screened 13,149 abstracts and 335 full texts, of which 5 studies were included.

Implementing early feeding after liver transplant using implementation frameworks: A multimethod study.

Background: Evidence-based guidelines (EBGs) in the nutrition management of advanced liver disease and enhanced recovery after surgery recommendations state that normal diet should recommence 12-24 h following liver transplantation. This study aimed to compare postoperative nutrition practices to guideline recommendations, explore clinician perceptions regarding feeding after transplant surgery, and implement and evaluate strategies to improve postoperative nutrition practices.

Methods: A pre-post multimethod implementation study was undertaken, guided by the knowledge-to-action framework.

Enhancing the quality of medicine handover at hospital discharge: a priority setting workshop.

Background: When a patient is discharged from hospital it is essential that their general practitioner (GPs) and community pharmacist are informed of changes to their medicines. This necessitates effective communication and information-sharing between hospitals and primary care clinicians.

Objective: To identify priority medicine handover issues and solutions to inform the co-design and development of a multifaceted intervention.

The effectiveness of the Mediterranean Diet for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: An umbrella review.

Aims: This study aimed to review meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials that evaluated the effectiveness of the Mediterranean Diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.

Methods: Five databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL and ProQuest) were searched from inception to November 2022. Inclusion criteria were: (i) systematic review of randomised controlled studies with metanalysis; (ii) adults ≥18 years from the general population with (secondary prevention) and without (primary prevention) established cardiovascular disease; (iii) Mediterranean Diet compared with another dietary intervention or usual care.

Reporting on data sharing: executive position of the EQUATOR Network.

The EQUATOR (Enhancing the Quality and Transparency Of health Research) Network supports the practice of data sharing, and the reporting of data management and sharing plans, in all reports of biomedical research. Both practices should be included as checklist items when developing new or updating reporting guidelines. More focus should be given to structuring and standardising data management and sharing plans to help provide a similar impact as reporting guidelines.

Are we joining the One Health dots? A scoping review of research on the one health effects of extreme weather events in eastern Australia.

Extreme weather events such as floods, bushfires, cyclones, and drought, are projected to increase in eastern Australia. Understanding how these events influence the combined, sustainable well-being of humans, animals, and ecosystems - that is One Health - will enable development of transdisciplinary and ultimately more effective interventions. A scoping review was conducted to explore the research associated with the effects of extreme weather events in eastern Australia using a One Health lens, specifically identifying the type of extreme weather events studied, the research conducted in the context of One Health, and gaps to inform improved One Health implementation.

Clinical Outcomes of Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) for Depression in Older Old People Relative to Other Age Groups Across the Adult Life Span: A CARE Network Study.

Intervention: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a commonly used treatment for severe psychiatric illness in older adults, including in the 'older old' population aged 80 years and above. However, there can sometimes be a reluctance to treat the 80+ year old age group with ECT due to medical comorbidities, frailty, and concerns about cognition.

Objective, Design, Setting, And Participants: This multi-site, longitudinal Australian study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of ECT in older old people compared with younger age groups.

Impact of the diagnostic label for a low-risk prostate lesion: protocol for two online factorial randomised experiments.

Introduction: Many types of prostate cancer present minimal risk to a man's lifespan or well-being, but existing terminology makes it difficult for men to distinguish these from high-risk prostate cancers. This study aims to explore whether using an alternative label for low-risk prostate cancer influences management choice and anxiety levels among Australian men and their partners.

Methods And Analysis: We will run two separate studies for Australian men and Australian women with a male partner.

The Impact of Childhood Trauma on the Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia is a debilitating mental health disorder that imposes profound economic, societal, and personal burdens. The negative symptoms of schizophrenia ( i.e.

Chronic kidney disease and the alternative labels used by GPs in Australia: a qualitative interview study.

Background: Guidelines for terminology defining chronic kidney disease (CKD) have been in use for 20 years. Age is not currently considered in the guideline definition of CKD. In previous studies, GPs have been reluctant to give older patients the label of CKD.

Factors associated with difficult intravenous access in the paediatric emergency department: A prospective cohort study.

Objectives: Although it is the most performed invasive procedure, peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) insertion in children can be difficult. The primary objective of the study was to identify the factors associated with difficult intravenous access (DIVA) in the paediatric ED, including patient, proceduralist and situational factors.

Methods: This was a single-centre prospective observational cohort study conducted over 28 consecutive days.

Automation of duplicate record detection for systematic reviews: Deduplicator.

Background: To describe the algorithm and investigate the efficacy of a novel systematic review automation tool "the Deduplicator" to remove duplicate records from a multi-database systematic review search.

Methods: We constructed and tested the efficacy of the Deduplicator tool by using 10 previous Cochrane systematic review search results to compare the Deduplicator's 'balanced' algorithm to a semi-manual EndNote method. Two researchers each performed deduplication on the 10 libraries of search results.