Targeted Selection of Aptamer Complementary Elements toward Rapid Development of Aptamer Transducers.

Biosensing using aptamers has been a recent interest for their versatility in detecting many different analytes across a wide range of applications, including medical and environmental applications. In our last work, we introduced a customizable aptamer transducer (AT) that could successfully feed-forward many different output domains to target a variety of reporters and amplification reaction networks. In this paper, we explore the kinetic behavior and performance of novel ATs by modifying the aptamer complementary element (ACE) chosen based on a technique for exploring the ligand-binding landscape of duplexed aptamers.

What predicts word reading in Arabic?

Efficient and accurate word reading ability is critical for later reading success. As such, it is important to understand the component skills that underlie strong word reading ability. Although a growing research base points to the importance of phonological processing, morphological processing and orthographic processing for accurate and fluent word reading in Arabic, there are few studies that examine all three areas at one time to better understand their role in word reading.

Possible role of caffeine in nicotine use onset among early adolescents: Evidence from the Young Mountaineer Health Study Cohort.

Background: Preventing nicotine use onset among children and youth is an important public health goal. One possible contributor that has received little empirical investigation is caffeine use. The goal of this study was to examine the possible contribution of caffeine to nicotine onset during early adolescence.

Quantifying head impact biomechanical differences between commonly employed cleaning levels: a critical research interpretation consideration.

Introduction: Wearable accelerometry devices quantify on-field frequency and severity of head impacts to further improve sport safety. Commonly employed post-data collection cleaning techniques may affect these outcomes.

Objective: Our purpose was to compare game impact rates and magnitudes between three different cleaning levels (Level-1: impacts recorded within start and end times, Level-2: impacts during pauses/breaks removed, Level-3: video verified) for male youth tackle football.

Aerosol jet printing of piezoelectric surface acoustic wave thermometer.

Surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices are a subclass of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) that generate an acoustic emission when electrically stimulated. These transducers also work as detectors, converting surface strain into readable electrical signals. Physical properties of the generated SAW are material dependent and influenced by external factors like temperature.

Bridge Plate Fixation of Distal Femur Fractures: Defining Deficient Radiographic Callus Formation and Its Associations.

Objective: To determine whether deficient early callus formation can be defined objectively based on the association with an eventual nonunion and specific patient, injury, and treatment factors.

Methods: Final healing outcomes were documented for 160 distal femur fractures treated with locked bridge plate fixation. Radiographic callus was measured on postoperative radiographs until union or nonunion had been declared by the treating surgeon.

Longitudinal monitoring of workloads in women's division I (DI) collegiate basketball across four training periods.

Women's collegiate basketball is a fast-growing, dynamic sport that spans 8 or more months, with athletes competing in 30 + games in a season. The aim of this study was to quantify and profile the external load of practices and games during a Power-5 DI Women's Collegiate Basketball season. Specifically, Average PlayerLoad (PL), PlayerLoad per minute (PL*min), High Inertial Movement Analysis (High-IMA), and Jumps were quantified using Catapult Openfield software during four distinct training periods of the year: 8-hour preseason, 20-hour preseason, non-conference, and conference game play.

Engineering Cell-ECM-Material Interactions for Musculoskeletal Regeneration.

The extracellular microenvironment regulates many of the mechanical and biochemical cues that direct musculoskeletal development and are involved in musculoskeletal disease. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a main component of this microenvironment. Tissue engineered approaches towards regenerating muscle, cartilage, tendon, and bone target the ECM because it supplies critical signals for regenerating musculoskeletal tissues.

Human adenovirus lung disease: outbreaks, models of immune-response-driven acute lung injury and pandemic potential.

Purpose Of Review: An overview of epidemic, human adenovirus (HAdV) lung infections with proposed studies of the viral/host immune response interface to better understand mechanisms of immunopathogenesis, for development of improved responses to a potential HAdV pandemic.

Recent Findings: Emergent HAdV strains 7, 3, 4, 14 are the most common types associated with infection outbreaks. Recent outbreaks have revealed increased community spread, beyond epidemic group settings.

Shared Core Facilities Serve as Hubs for Biomedical Research Network at Institutions of Emerging Excellence.

We analyzed co-authorship patterns within the National Institutes of Health Center of Biomedical Research Excellence in Matrix Biology program from 2014 to 2022. In this study, we analyzed junior investigators, senior researchers, and research scientists within a shared core facility. Social network analysis techniques were applied to evaluate the co-authorship network based on journal publications from members of the center.

In-vitro validated methods for encoding digital data in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is emerging as an alternative archival memory technology. Recent advancements in DNA synthesis and sequencing have both increased the capacity and decreased the cost of storing information in de novo synthesized DNA pools. In this survey, we review methods for translating digital data to and/or from DNA molecules.

Disparities in Youth and Family Experiences of System-of-Care Principles by Level of Youth Need.

The extent to which mental health services for youths embody system-of-care (SOC) principles is an important quality indicator. This study tested whether youth and family experiences of SOC principles varied depending on youths' level of need after adjusting for sociodemographic and treatment factors. The relationship to caregiver-reported clinical outcomes was also examined.

Infrasound detection of approaching lahars.

Infrasound may be used to detect the approach of hazardous volcanic mudflows, known as lahars, tens of minutes before their flow fronts arrive. We have analyzed signals from more than 20 secondary lahars caused by precipitation events at Fuego Volcano during Guatemala's rainy season in May through October of 2022. We are able to quantify the capabilities of infrasound monitoring through comparison with seismic data, time lapse camera imagery, and high-resolution video of a well-recorded event on August 17.

Ultrasonographic evaluation of infant hips in the Pavlik harness compared to body-worn commercial baby carriers.

While many factors contribute to development and subsequent correction of developmental hip dysplasia (DDH) in infants, hip positioning and muscle activity play a significant role. Lower-limb restrictive extension positions, such as with swaddling, are detrimental for hip development, and some baby gear leads to reduced lower limb muscle activity. Yet how baby gear impacts hip position during wear remains unclear.

START-Play Physical Therapy Intervention Indirectly Impacts Cognition Through Changes in Early Motor-Based Problem-Solving Skills.

Purpose: This study tested whether the Sitting Together and Reaching to Play (START-Play) physical therapy intervention indirectly impacts cognition through changes in perceptual-motor skills in infants with motor delays.

Methods: Participants were 50 infants with motor delays randomly assigned to START-Play plus Usual Care Early Intervention (UC-EI) or UC-EI only. Infants' perceptual-motor and cognitive skills were assessed at baseline and 1.

Data driven and cell specific determination of nuclei-associated actin structure.

Quantitative and volumetric assessment of filamentous actin fibers (F-actin) remains challenging due to their interconnected nature, leading researchers to utilize threshold based or qualitative measurement methods with poor reproducibility. Here we introduce a novel machine learning based methodology for accurate quantification and reconstruction of nuclei-associated F-actin. Utilizing a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), we segment actin filaments and nuclei from 3D confocal microscopy images and then reconstruct each fiber by connecting intersecting contours on cross-sectional slices.

Gut microbiome-modulated dietary strategies in EAE and multiple sclerosis.

Over the last few decades, the incidence of multiple sclerosis has increased as society's dietary habits have switched from a whole foods approach to a high fat, high salt, low dietary fiber, and processed food diet, termed the "Western diet." Environmental factors, such as diet, could play a role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis due to gut microbiota alterations, gut barrier leakage, and subsequent intestinal inflammation that could lead to exacerbated neuroinflammation. This mini-review explores the gut microbiome alterations of various dietary strategies that improve upon the "Western diet" as promising alternatives and targets to current multiple sclerosis treatments.

A Multicenter, Propensity Score-Matched Assessment of Endoscopic Versus Microscopic Approaches in the Management of Pituitary Adenomas.

Background And Objectives: There is considerable controversy as to which of the 2 operating modalities (microsurgical or endoscopic transnasal surgery) currently used to resect pituitary adenomas (PAs) is the safest and most effective intervention. We compared rates of clinical outcomes of patients with PAs who underwent resection by either microsurgical or endoscopic transnasal surgery.

Methods: To independently assess the outcomes of each modality type, we sought to isolate endoscopic and microscopic PA surgeries with a 1:1 tight-caliper (0.

The response of money market funds to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Covid-19 Pandemic has increased the attention paid to money market funds. Using Covid-19 cases and a measure of lockdowns, shutdowns, etc., we analyze if money market fund investors and managers responded to the intensity of the pandemic.

Acclimation and hardening of a slow-growing woody species emblematic to western North America from in vitro plantlets.

Premise: Determining the tolerance of plant populations to climate change requires the development of biotechnological protocols producing genetically identical individuals used for genotype-by-environment experiments. Such protocols are missing for slow-growth, woody plants; to address this gap, this study uses , a western North American keystone shrub, as model.

Methods And Results: The production of individual lines is a two-step process: in vitro propagation under aseptic conditions followed by ex vitro acclimation and hardening.

Prevalence of workplace violence against young workers in the United States.

Background: Workers under the age of 25 may be at particular risk for workplace violence, given their predominant employment in the high-risk retail and service industries. Little research exists, however, that estimates the scope of the problem within this population. To fill this gap, we conducted the first national study of workplace violence against young people in the United States.

Socio-demographic Correlates of Electronic Cigarette and Cannabis Co-use Among Naïve and Tobacco Adolescent Users.

The increasing co-use of e-cigarette and cannabis among youth has become a public health challenge. The present analyses aimed to identify prevalence and correlates of past-month co-use of e-cigarettes and cannabis among adolescents with and without prior tobacco use. For this panel study, 5 years of cross-sectional data (2014-2018) were used from 8th, 10th-, and 12th-grade adolescents in the Monitoring the Future study, a nationally representative survey of U.

Psychometric evaluation of a pragmatic measure of clinical supervision as an implementation strategy.

Background: Valid and reliable measurement of implementation strategies is essential to advancing implementation science; however, this area lags behind the measurement of implementation outcomes and determinants. Clinical supervision is a promising and highly feasible implementation strategy in behavioral healthcare for which pragmatic measures are lacking. This research aimed to develop and psychometrically evaluate a pragmatic measure of clinical supervision conceptualized in terms of two broadly applicable, discrete clinical supervision techniques shown to improve providers' implementation of evidence-based psychosocial interventions-(1) audit and feedback and (2) active learning.

Mechanical testing data from neutron irradiations of PM-HIP and conventionally manufactured nuclear structural alloys.

This article presents the comprehensive mechanical testing data archive from a neutron irradiation campaign of nuclear structural alloys fabricated by powder metallurgy with hot isostatic pressing (PM-HIP). The irradiation campaign was designed to facilitate a direct comparison of PM-HIP to conventional casting or forging. Five common nuclear structural alloys were included in the campaign: 316L stainless steel, SA508 pressure vessel steel, Grade 91 ferritic steel, and Ni-base alloys 625 and 690.