487 results match your criteria: "Boerhaave Syndrome"

Spontaneous esophageal rupture, also known as Boerhaave syndrome, represents an unusual yet clinically significant condition characterized by the rupture of the esophageal wall due to a sudden increase in intraluminal pressure, typically induced by vomiting, concomitant with negative intrathoracic pressure dynamics. This condition poses a challenging clinical entity, presenting high mortality rates, especially when treatment is delayed. Surgical intervention is frequently employed as the primary management strategy, while non-surgical approaches, including stent placement and endoluminal vacuum therapy, are less commonly utilized.

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Introduction: Boerhaave syndrome is a rare condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. Prompt intervention greatly improves outcomes, with surgery traditionally being the mainstay of management. Recent advances in therapeutic endoscopy have led to increasing interest in endoluminal vacuum therapy (EVT), a minimally invasive technique, allowing wound debridement and drainage, encouraging granulation tissue formation.

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We present an uncommon pathology of Boerhaave's syndrome and its fatal outcome in a 77-year-old man who presented to the emergency room with loss of consciousness and a history of chronic cough that had increased in intensity over the past week. Radiological investigations revealed bilateral pleural effusion, initially pointing to a transudative aetiology. Diagnostic pleural aspiration showed an exudative effusion with high amylase, and an intercostal drainage tube was inserted for the left massive effusion.

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Article Synopsis
  • A 70-year-old man with diabetes was treated with an SGLT2 inhibitor but developed vomiting and abdominal pain, leading to a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
  • A CT scan revealed mediastinal emphysema, and treatment for DKA was initiated alongside concerns of potential Boerhaave syndrome.
  • After resolving DKA, the mediastinal emphysema also disappeared, highlighting the rare occurrence of Hamman syndrome in elderly diabetic patients on SGLT2 inhibitors and the risks of misdiagnosis.
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Hamman's syndrome, or spontaneous pneumomediastinum, refers to free air in the mediastinum without an apparent cause and typically affects young people. This case report describes a 33-year-old man who presented with neck swelling following excessive vomiting due to alcohol consumption. Clinical examination revealed subcutaneous emphysema of the neck, and imaging confirmed pneumomediastinum.

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Pneumomediastinum.

Thorac Surg Clin

November 2024

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA. Electronic address:

Pneumomediastinum, air within the mediastinum, is the manifestation of a variety of causes including those that are benign and some resulting in severe morbidity and even mortality. This article reviews the epidemiology, etiology, and pathophysiology of pneumomediastinum as an independent pathologic and physiologic entity, as well as reviews the workup and management of those patients who are diagnosed with pneumomediastinum.

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Boerhaave syndrome.

Br J Surg

August 2024

Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplantation Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.

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Endoscopic vacuum therapy for the treatment of Boerhaave syndrome: a multicenter analysis.

Gastrointest Endosc

August 2024

Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology, Hepatology, Infectiology and Geriatrics, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.

Background And Aims: Boerhaave syndrome, an effort rupture of the esophagus, is a rare but serious condition. Endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) is a new therapeutic approach for GI perforation. We aimed to evaluate EVT for treatment of Boerhaave syndrome.

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Boerhaave syndrome, an esophageal perforation due to increased intraesophageal pressure, may mimic other cardiovascular conditions including acute coronary syndrome. In this report, we present a case of a 63-year-old man who presented with chest pain and ischemic electrocardiogram abnormalities, prompting an initial diagnosis of ST elevation myocardial infarction. After coronary stenting, the patient continued to have chest pain, ST segment elevations, and newly elevated cardiac enzymes.

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We present the case of a 46-year-old patient who arrived at the emergency department with chest pain following an episode of vomiting. The diagnosis was Boerhaave syndrome and acute mediastinitis. Due to the prompt presentation and the location of the rupture in the lower esophagus, emergency surgical intervention was performed, including esophageal suturing, mediastinal drainage, and jejunostomy for feeding.

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Esophageal perforation, a rare and serious condition, has seen a reduction in mortality from 30% to 15% over the last three decades due to advancements such as gastrointestinal stents, minimally invasive surgeries, and improved interventional radiology techniques. This review analyzes management strategies for esophageal perforation based on 14 English-language articles published from 2009 to 2024, primarily utilizing surveys and national database analyses. The management of esophageal perforation is complex, with challenges in diagnosis and treatment strategy.

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Background: A rare complication of oesophageal rupture or Boerhaave syndrome is myopericarditis due to leakage of oesophageal contents. This presentation can mimic a myocardial infarction, making diagnosis and management challenging.

Case Summary: We present the case of a middle-aged man presenting with chest pain, who was diagnosed with Boerhaave syndrome complicated by myopericarditis, although the presentation was concerning for acute coronary syndrome.

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Boerhaave syndrome (BS) is a rare clinical diagnosis associated with a high morbidity and mortality rate. Diagnosis of this condition is usually delayed which can lead to a very poor outcome. The timing of presentation and time to management plays a very important role in the prognosis and selection of the management method.

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A Critical Combination of Esophageal Rupture and Upside-down Stomach: A Case Report.

Clin Pract Cases Emerg Med

May 2024

UNC Health Southeastern, Department of Emergency Medicine, Lumberton, North Carolina.

Article Synopsis
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Boerhaave's syndrome is a life-threatening spontaneous esophageal rupture, usually in its distal part. It generally develops after situations that suddenly increase the intraesophageal pressure, such as, during or after persistent vomiting. Despite it being a rare condition in clinical practice, it has a high mortality rate (18-39%).

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Mediastinal emphysema in the context of perforated gastric ulcer.

World J Clin Cases

May 2024

Department of Emergency Medicine, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester M23 9LT, United Kingdom.

Article Synopsis
  • The primary causes of mediastinal emphysema/pneumomediastinum include oesophageal perforation, lung issues, or complications from head and neck surgery.
  • Differentiating these causes can be effectively done using Computed Tomographic Imaging of the thorax and abdomen, utilizing oral and intravenous contrast in a triple phase approach.
  • Oesophageal perforation, known as Boerhaave syndrome, may present with Mackler's triad (severe chest pain, pneumomediastinum, mediastinitis) in about 50% of patients, while lung pathologies might present with pneumothorax and pleural effusion.
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A 55-year-old-woman was admitted to the emergency department with hematemesis and abdominal pain. Her physical examination was unremarkable. Laboratory results without anemia.

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Article Synopsis
  • * The patient showed signs of acute chest pain and crepitation, and tests confirmed the presence of air in the mediastinum without signs of a more severe condition called Boerhaave's syndrome.
  • * The findings emphasize the need for healthcare professionals to consider pneumomediastinum as a potential risk for individuals using inhaled methamphetamine, due to rising substance abuse rates.
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A Case of an Atypical Presentation of Spontaneous Esophageal Rupture.

Cureus

April 2024

Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Royal Medical Services, Riffa, BHR.

Article Synopsis
  • Spontaneous esophageal rupture is a rare condition that occurs when there's a sudden increase in pressure inside the esophagus, often leading to severe chest pain.
  • A 21-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with intense chest pain, but her exams showed no signs of common causes like trauma or foreign body ingestion.
  • Imaging tests revealed air in the chest and neck but no actual injury to the esophagus; she was treated successfully with medications and showed improvement without needing surgery.
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Surgical treatment of Boerhaave syndrome in the past, present and future: updated results of a specialised surgical unit.

Ann R Coll Surg Engl

July 2024

Department of Surgery, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Scotland, NHS Lothian, UK.

Introduction: Boerhaave syndrome is a rare clinical entity associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Early recognition of the symptoms, and identification of the site and extension of the injury are key in improving the prognosis.

Methods: This study presents data on the mortality, morbidity and length of hospital stay in patients diagnosed with Boerhaave syndrome.

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Boerhaave syndrome is an esophagal perforation due to a rupture of the esophagus wall caused by intense vomiting with mediastinitis and subcutaneous emphysema. It is a relatively rare and potentially life-threatening ailment that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. This case presents an overview of the syndrome, including morbidity, mortality, and treatment strategy.

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Oesophageal perforation (OP) is a life-threatening condition and refers to a tear or disruption in the oesophageal wall. It is considered a medical emergency due to its significant implications, often related to its various causes, such as iatrogenic perforation during endoscopy, Boerhaave syndrome, traumatic injury, foreign body ingestion, and tumour perforation. Early interventions, diagnosis, and a thorough physical examination are essential for better clinical outcomes.

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Colonoscopy is widely acknowledged as a prevalent and efficacious approach for the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. In order to guarantee an effective colonoscopy, it is imperative for patients to undergo an optimal bowel preparation regimen. This entails the consumption of a substantial volume of a non-absorbable solution to comprehensively purge the colon of any fecal residue.

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