Two-Year Outcomes After Minimally Invasive Surfactant Therapy in Preterm Infants: Follow-Up of the OPTIMIST-A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The long-term effects of surfactant administration via a thin catheter (minimally invasive surfactant therapy [MIST]) in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome remain to be definitively clarified.

Objective: To examine the effect of MIST on death or neurodevelopmental disability (NDD) at 2 years' corrected age.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Follow-up study of a randomized clinical trial with blinding of clinicians and outcome assessors conducted in 33 tertiary-level neonatal intensive care units in 11 countries.

A Diagnostic Challenge: Toxoplasmosis Masquerading as Tonsillar Neoplasm.

This case report elucidates an uncommon manifestation of toxoplasmosis characterized by an ulcerative oropharyngeal lesion and cervical lymphadenopathy, which intriguingly simulated a tonsillar neoplasm. The patient, a 28-year-old immunocompetent woman, reported symptoms such as a persistent sore throat, unilateral neck pain, and otalgia. Despite the initial clinical impressions, a diagnostic left subtotal tonsillectomy revealed no malignancy but marked acute and chronic inflammation.

Outcomes in progressive systemic sclerosis treated with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation compared with combination therapy.

Objectives: Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) has been shown to improve long-term survival for early diffuse progressive SSc compared with CYC. CYC, however, does not provide a long-term benefit in SSc. The combination of MMF and rituximab is a potent alternative regimen.

Accelerated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Richter Transformation in the Era of Novel Agents.

Background: Tremendous developments in the field of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in recent years have led to a revolutionary change in the treatment approach, which today is based on targeted treatments with a good response and optimal prognosis. Nevertheless, CLL can present or progress to "accelerated CLL" (A-CLL) or to "Richter transformation" (RT) and these two entities have a more aggressive course and are still characterized by challenges in the fields of diagnosis and therapy. In the current review, we summarized the latest knowledge in terms of diagnostic approaches to A-CLL, available treatments and clinical trials, for both A-CLL and RT which still pose an unmet need and require additional basic and clinical investigations.

Real-World Experience in Treatment of Patients with Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer with BRAF or cMET Exon 14 Skipping Mutations.

BRAF and cMET exon 14 skipping are rare mutations of NSCLC. The treatment sequence in these cases for the first and second line is not clear. An international registry was created for patients with advanced NSCLC harboring BRAF or cMET exon 14 skipping mutations, diagnosed from January 2017 to June 2022.

Danon Disease: Entire Gene Deletion with Unusual Clinical Presentation-Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Danon disease is a rare x-linked dominant multisystemic disorder with a clinical triad of severe cardiomyopathy, skeletal myopathy, and intellectual disability. It is caused by defects in the lysosome-associated membrane protein-2 () gene. Numerous different mutations in the protein have been described.

Neurodevelopmental Outcome of Very Low Birth Weight Infants in the Northern District of Israel: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Currently, no local database in Israel collects neurodevelopmental outcomes of very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants. We investigated neurodevelopmental outcomes in one district of the largest healthcare organization in Israel.

Methods: A cross-sectional study including all VLBW (<1500 g) preterm infants born between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2016 who were followed in any of seven child development centers in Israel's Northern District.

Accurate Prediction of Antimicrobial Susceptibility for Point-of-Care Testing of Urine in Less than 90 Minutes via iPRISM Cassettes.

The extensive and improper use of antibiotics has led to a dramatic increase in the frequency of antibiotic resistance among human pathogens, complicating infectious disease treatments. In this work, a method for rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is presented using microstructured silicon diffraction gratings integrated into prototype devices, which enhance bacteria-surface interactions and promote bacterial colonization. The silicon microstructures act also as optical sensors for monitoring bacterial growth upon exposure to antibiotics in a real-time and label-free manner via intensity-based phase-shift reflectometric interference spectroscopic measurements (iPRISM).

Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 in Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary Syndrome.

Introduction: Haemato-oncologic patients are more susceptible to severe infections with SARS-CoV-2. We aimed to assess the clinical outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection among patients with Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary Syndrome (MF/SS).

Methods: The data were retrieved from anonymized electronic medical records of Maccabi Healthcare Services (MHS), the second-largest healthcare organization in Israel.

The Genetics of Glucose-6-Phosphate-Dehydrogenase (G6PD) and Uridine Diphosphate Glucuronosyl Transferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) Promoter Gene Polymorphism in Relation to Quantitative Biochemical G6PD Activity Measurement and Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia.

Unlabelled: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and polymorphism in uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl transferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) were associated with significant neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NHB) and increased risk for kernicterus. However, quantitative screening tests for G6PD enzyme activity proved unsatisfactory in estimating the risk for significant NHB, especially in heterozygous females that could present phenotype overlap between normal homozygotes, heterozygotes, and deficient homozygotes, resulting in a continuum of intermediate G6PD activity.

Objective: To examine the association of genotype and phenotype in newborns with decreased G6PD activity and its relation to NHB.

High CCL2 Levels Detected in CSF of Patients with Pediatric Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome.

Pseudotumor cerebri (PTC) is a disorder characterized by increased intracranial pressure in the absence of a structural lesion or other identifiable cause. Cytokines, which are involved in the regulation of immune responses and inflammation, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of PTC. In a prospective, cross-sectional study at three centers in Israel, we analyzed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 60 children aged 0.

Oxygenation Instability during Bolus versus Continuous Feeding among Very Low Birth Weight Premature Infants, Supported by Noninvasive Ventilation: A Randomized Prospective Study.

Objective: This study aimed to compare oxygenation instability, as documented by the oxygen saturation (SpO) histograms, during bolus (over 30 minutes) versus continuous (over 2 hours) feeding among very low birth weight (VLBW) premature infants, supported with noninvasive ventilation (NIV).

Study Design: This was a randomized prospective study. VLBW infants supported with NIV received three consecutive feeds in a random order of bolus-continuous-bolus or continuous-bolus-continuous.

Intravenous immunoglobulin use in patients with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss.

Problem: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) affects up to 4% of couples attempting to conceive. RPL is unexplained in over 50% of cases and no effective treatments exist. Due to the immune system's pivotal role during implantation and pregnancy, immune-mediated RPL may be suspected and immunomodulatory treatments like intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) have been administered but remain controversial.

Osteopontin Upregulation, Induced by the Continuous Mechanical Load in Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells, is Strongly Restricted in INF-γ/TNF-α/IL-22 Microenvironment.

The osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSc) in axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA) depends on the interplay of inflammation and multiple hormonal and local mechanical factors. In this study, MCs, derived from the adipose tissue of a healthy donor, were cultured under or without continuous mechanical load in the osteogenic differentiation medium with or without the addition of testosterone, cocktail of INF-γ/TNF-α/IL-22, or both. Real-time PCR for osteogenic transcription factors demonstrated that in the absence of INF-γ/TNF-α/IL-22, mechanical load causes significant upregulation of SPP1 (osteopontin), while the presence of the inflammatory cytokines almost completely abolishes this effect.

Exome sequencing links the SUMO protease SENP7 with fatal arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, early respiratory failure and neutropenia.

Background: SUMOylation involves the attachment of small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) proteins to specific lysine residues on thousands of substrates with target-specific effects on protein function. Sentrin-specific proteases (SENPs) are proteins involved in the maturation and deconjugation of SUMO. Specifically, SENP7 is responsible for processing polySUMO chains on targeted substrates including the heterochromatin protein 1α (HP1α).

The course of patients with hairy cell leukemia during the omicron surge of the Covid-19 pandemic.

In this study, we aim to explore the outcomes of Covid-19 infection in patients with Hairy cell leukemia (HCL). The cohort is based on data obtained from electronic medical records. It includes 218 consecutive patients diagnosed with HCL between 16 June 1998, and 20 September 2022, out of which the coronavirus has infected 85 patients during the Omicron surge.

[IDENTIFICATION OF A NOVEL LTBP3 GENE PATHOGENIC VARIANT IN DRUZE ARAB PATIENTS PRESENTED WITH SYNDROMIC SHORT STATURE WITH BRACHYOLMIA AND AMELOGENESIS IMPERFECTA].

Background: Short stature is a common finding among the general population, mostly presented as an isolated phenotype. The syndromic short statute is rare and complex. Recently, we examined several patients from related families sharing both short stature and congenital dental abnormalities.

Children with ADHD Symptomatology: Does POET Improve Their Daily Routine Management?

Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) struggle with executive delays while managing their daily tasks. This is a secondary analysis of existing data from open-label research examining the efficacy of Parental Occupational Executive Training (POET). It further examines POET's efficacy in increasing young children's (3.

Effects of wide-angle laparoscopy on surgical workflow in laparoscopic cholecystectomies.

Introduction: Laparoscopy is now the gold standard approach to many surgical procedures thanks to its many advantages. Minimizing distractions is essential to a safe and successful surgery and an undisrupted surgical workflow. The SurroundScope, a wide angle (270°) laparoscopic camera system has the potential to decrease surgical distractions and increase workflow.

The Effectiveness of Bivalent mRNA Omicron Containing Booster Vaccines Among Patients With Hematological Neoplasms.

Background/aim: Last year was characterized by the appearance of novel SARS-CoV-2 virus variants, mainly the omicron sub-lineages BA.2.12.