Clinical Registries in Dry Eye Disease: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to undertake a systematic review of the literature reporting on clinical registries in dry eye disease (DED).

Methods: Electronic searches were conducted using systematic review methodology to provide an overview of clinical registries in ophthalmology and to identify clinical registries reporting on dry eye parameters. Two reviewers independently assessed titles and abstracts, then full-texts for eligibility.

Outcomes of Heavy Silicone Oil (Densiron) compared to Silicone Oil in primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: a multivariable regression model.

Purpose: To measure the visual outcomes, proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) and retinectomy rates following primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair, comparing silicone oil (SO) and heavy SO (Densiron).

Methods: Retrospective, continuous comparative study from January 2017 to May 2021 of all primary RRD. Multivariable linear (logMAR gain) and binary-logistic (PVR-C and retinectomy rate) regression models to compare tamponade were performed.

Deposition keratopathy.

Material can be deposited in the cornea as a result of a wide range of systemic and ophthalmic diseases, as well as local and systemic therapies. Causes include local infection or trauma, systemic malignancy, a wide range of medications and a host of genetic and metabolic diseases. Some of these can be acutely life threatening, so generalists caring for both children and adults should have a basic awareness of the pattern and distribution of corneal deposits to facilitate timely diagnosis, investigation, management or onward referral to avoid significant morbidity or mortality.

A Novel Tube Insertion Technique for Glaucoma Drainage Device Implantation.

Purpose: Early hypotony after non-valved glaucoma drainage device (GDD) implantation for complex glaucomatous eyes with labile aqueous production can lead to significant visual morbidity. We therefore sought to report the early postoperative outcomes of a novel surgical technique that allows atraumatic insertion of non-valved GDDs through a much smaller 25-gauge scleral track, to minimize entry site leakage and improve safety.

Methods: Retrospective case series of 15 consecutive cases undergoing non-valved GDD insertion into the anterior chamber using a previously unreported technique.

Experience gained during vitreoretinal fellowships in the United Kingdom.

Background: There are 16 vitreoretinal (VR) fellowships listed on the British and Eire Association of Vitreoretinal Surgeons (BEAVRS) website offering places to 23 applicants, however, this list is not exhaustive. The purpose of this survey was to evaluate surgical volume, training, and experience of VR fellows in the UK.

Methods: An anonymous survey was disseminated online to current and past VR fellows who are members of BEAVRS.

The use of fluorinated gases and quantification of carbon emission for common vitreoretinal procedures.

Purpose: To report the contribution to carbon dioxide equivalent mass [COEM] of various types of VR surgery performed across three tertiary referral centres, according to their indication and fluorinated gas used. We secondarily reported on the difference in tamponade choice, and COEM between the different centres.

Materials: Retrospective, continuous, comparative multicentre study of all procedures using fluorinated gases between 01/01/17-31/12/20 at the Manchester Royal Eye Hospital and Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre, and between 01/01/19-31/12/2020 at the University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire.

The current use of glaucoma virtual clinics in Europe.

Objectives: To assess and describe current utilisation, characteristics and perspectives on virtual glaucoma clinics (VGCs) amongst European glaucoma specialists.

Methods: Cross-sectional, anonymized, online questionnaire distributed to all European Glaucoma Society-registered specialists. Questions were stratified into five domains: Demographics, Questions about VGC use, Questions for non-VGC users, COVID-19 effects, and VGC advantages/disadvantages.

Sjögren's and non-Sjögren's sicca share a similar symptom burden but with a distinct symptom-associated proteomic signature.

Objectives: Given the similarity in symptoms between primary Sjogren's syndrome (SjS) and non-SjS sicca syndrome (sicca), we sought to characterise clinical and proteomic predictors of symptoms in both groups in order to better understand disease mechanisms and help guide development of immunomodulatory treatments. These have not, to date, unequivocally improved symptoms in SjS clinical trials.

Methods: Serum proteomics was performed using O-link inflammation and cardiovascular II panels.

Glaucoma control after phacoemulsification in eyes with functioning glaucoma filtration surgeries: trabeculectomies versus glaucoma drainage devices.

Purpose: Several studies have demonstrated decompensation of intraocular pressure (IOP) control following phacoemulsification in eyes with a functioning trabeculectomy. Limited evidence base suggests that this effect is minimal in eyes with functioning glaucoma drainage devices (GDD). The aim of this study was to report on glaucoma control after phacoemulsification in eyes with a functioning GDD compared to eyes with a functioning trabeculectomy.

Gut Dysbiosis in Ocular Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid.

Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid is an orphan multi-system autoimmune scarring disease involving mucosal sites, including the ocular surface (OcMMP) and gut. Loss of tolerance to epithelial basement membrane proteins and generation of autoreactive T cell and/or autoantibodies are central to the disease process. The gut microbiome plays a critical role in the development of the immune system.

Viscoelastic properties of the human tear film.

When considering eye blinking from a tribological perspective, tear viscosity is expected to play a fundamental role. The application of rheological techniques to describe the tear film dates back to the late 1980s, but there has been a continuous need of reappraisal due to new findings in tear film biochemistry and to the development of new methods of physico-chemical characterization. This review provides an overview on tear rheological behavior by analyzing the peer-reviewed literature on this topic.

Contact lens prescribing trends in the UK hospital eye service.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the types of contact lenses fitted by hospital optometrists within the Midlands region of the United Kingdom (UK).

Method: A questionnaire was sent to all the lead optometrists of the Midlands Hospital Optometry Group (MHOG). This group includes optometry hospital eye departments within the Midlands region of the UK.

Topical silicone gel mistaken for a retained orbital foreign body on MRI.

MRI is now a well-regarded imaging technique, but due to its use of strong magnetic fields, some metallic objects are contraindicated. We present a case of a man in his 40s with thyroid eye disease, who underwent bilateral orbital decompression. Following surgery, he was advised to start scar massage with topical silicone gel (Dermatix).

Vitreoretinal specialists compared with residents on outcomes of primary laser retinopexy in preventing retinal detachment in 958 eyes.

Objective: Retinal tears are the most common vitreoretinal (VR) emergency and retinopexy aims to reduce the risk of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Currently retinal laser is a required competence by the Royal College of Ophthalmologists for residents. We report 6-month detachment rate and repeat retinopexy rate of VR specialists compared with residents.

Environmental effect of air versus gas tamponade in the management of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment VR surgery: A multicentre study of 3,239 patients.

Purpose: To report the potential reduction of carbon emissions by utilising air-tamponade (AT), where possible, instead of fluorinated gases in the management of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). We compared the carbon CO2 emissions produced at two large tertiary referral vitreoretinal (VR) centres where RRD are exclusively repaired using fluorinated gases to a tertiary VR mass of each gas used according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective, continuous, comparative multicentre study of all procedures using fluorinated gases between 01/01/17-31/12/20 at the Manchester Royal Eye Hospital (MREH) and Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre (BMEC), and between 01/01/19-31/12/2020 at the University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire (UHCW).

Proposing a Neurotropic Etiology for Acute Posterior Multifocal Placoid Pigment Epitheliopathy and Relentless Placoid Chorioretinitis.

Purpose: To reassess the underlying pathophysiology of acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE) and relentless placoid chorioretinitis (RPC) through comparison with the non-inoculated eye of the von Szily animal model of neurotropic viral retinal infection.

Methods: Narrative review.

Results: Literature reports of isolated neurotropic viral entities and rising serological viral titers in APMPPE after presentation support a potential direct infective etiology.

Effect of deprivation and ethnicity on primary macula-on retinal detachment repair success rate and clinical outcomes: A study of 568 patients.

Purpose: Socio-economic deprivation and ethnic variation have been frequently linked to poorer health outcomes. We collected a large series of primary macula-on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) cases and analysed the effect of socio-economic deprivation and ethnicity on both six-month retinal re-detachment rate and visual outcomes.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective consecutive case series of 568 patients attending Birmingham and Midlands Eye Centre from January 2017-2020.

Evaluating the quality and readability of online information on keratoconus treatment.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the quality and readability of online resources on keratoconus treatment.

Methods: A Google.com search was conducted on August 9, 2020; 32 web sites were selected for analysis.