Pre-vascularisation of the acellular bladder matrix using the omentum in a porcine model prior for bladder reconstruction-a step towards clinical application?

Aim: Research studies with porcine acellular bladder matrix (PABM) showed integration of only small sized stamps in recipient bladders, however for clinical use in bladder augmentation significantly larger patches are needed. We hypothesised pre-vascularisation with omentum may be a step towards clinical translation.

Method: Eight domestic pigs were operated three times 8-10 weeks apart: 1-Implantation; PABM with recorded dimensions were sutured around a tissue expanding device, wrapped in omentum and sutured to the anterior abdominal wall.

The Transition of Patients with an ACE: Referral Pathway and Outcomes.

Aims: Transition of paediatric patients is challenging. This study aimed to assess the transition pathway for patients who underwent an ACE procedure as a child and to understand ongoing support requirements.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of all patients on the Pelvic Floor Clinical Specialist Nurse's (PFCNS) database from a tertiary adult hospital.

Lymphatic Disorder Management in Pediatric Patients With Congenital Heart Disease in European Pediatric Cardiology Centers: Current Status, Disparities, and Future Considerations.

Background: Lymphatic disorders such as protein-losing enteropathy, plastic bronchitis, and chylothorax are important complications of the Fontan circulation and ultimately result in an increased risk of early death. Several European centers are now performing lymphatic procedures. The aim of this study is to map the extent of these lymphatic disorders and treatments provided across European pediatric cardiology centers.

Outcome of Solid Organ Transplantation in Patients With Intellectual Disability: A Systematic Literature Review.

Access to solid organ transplantation in patients with intellectual disability is associated with health inequities due to concerns about treatment adherence, survival rates, and post-transplant quality of life. This systematic literature review aims to compare outcomes after organ transplantation in patients with intellectual disability compared to patients without intellectual disability. Embase, Medline Ovid, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Trials, and Google Scholar databases were systematically searched for studies concerning pediatric or adult solid organ transplantation in recipients with a diagnosis of intellectual disability prior to transplantation.

Uncomplicated linear skull fractures in the paediatric population: a retrospective observational study in a UK Major Trauma Centre.

Purpose: National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines advise that paediatric patients with linear skull fractures do not require admission in the absence of intracranial injury. Despite this, a period of inpatient neuro-observation has become the standard advice and practice in the UK for fear of deterioration. Our experience is that these children rarely deteriorate or require neurosurgical intervention.

Visual Outcomes of Children With Craniosynostosis.

Craniosynostosis can impact the visual development of a child. Historically, children with craniosynostosis, particularly when associated with a syndrome, had a significant risk of vision loss. The authors aimed to study the incidence of ophthalmic pathology in a modern, multidisciplinary craniosynostosis practice.

Contributors to Organ Damage in Childhood Lupus: Corticosteroid Use and Disease Activity.

Background: Awareness of paediatric-specific predictors of damage in Childhood-lupus is needed to inform mitigation measures.

Objectives: To ascertain how clinical and demographic variables correlate with damage accrual and identify predictors of damage.

Methods: Analysis included UK JSLE Cohort Study participants.

Rathke Cleft Cysts in Identical Twins.

Rathke cleft cysts are congenital, non-neoplastic sellar cysts derived from remnants of embryonic Rathke pouch. Presentation of Rathke cleft cysts can be incidental; however, in larger cysts, presentation can be with headaches, visual deterioration, and pituitary and endocrine dysfunction. Here we report a rare case of identical twin boys with Rathke cleft cysts, highlighting the likely genetically driven development of cyst in this identical twin and need for cranial imaging in identical twins with anomalies of the brain.

Association between nutritional status assessed by body mass index and Crohn's disease phenotype: A Nation-wide analysis.

Background & Aims: Incidence of obesity and Crohn's disease (CD) is increasing globally. Therefore, understanding any associations between adiposity and disease phenotype is crucial. We aimed explore the relationship between nutritional status measured by body mass index (BMI) and phenotypes of CD using a large national recallable data set.

Chiari malformation type I and craniosynostosis in adults: Retrospective analysis over a 10 year period in a tertiary care Centre.

Background: Chiari malformation type 1 (CM1) pathophysiology remains uncertain. One theory involves small posterior fossa volumes leading to tonsillar herniation. Craniosynostosis causes suture fusion, which can limit skull growth, and has been investigated in paediatric CM1 cohorts.

Evaluation of incidence and outcomes of compressive extradural haematoma-related infarcts in the paediatric population.

Introduction: Traumatic extradural haematoma (EDH) is one of the neurosurgical emergencies in the paediatric population. One of the rare complications of extradural haematoma is adjacent parenchymal infarct from the compressive effect of haematoma leading to further morbidity. We aimed to evaluate the incidence and outcomes of this rare complication in paediatric trauma patients.

Determinants of HBeAg loss during follow-up of a multiethnic pediatric cohort.

Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) loss is a key event in the natural history of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. The rate and determinants of HBeAg loss depend upon cohort characteristics at baseline. Few studies have examined the age-dependent rate, and none have examined the effect of patient sex and ethnicity on the age-dependant rate.

ASPEN international survey on ethical competencies dealing with decision-making in the use of artificially administered nutrition and hydration and competency application in clinical practice.

Background: Ethical competencies dealing with decision-making for clinicians involved in artificially administered nutrition and hydration (AANH) have not been defined in the literature. Although clinical assessments identify nutrition needs and appropriate routes of nutrition administration, an assessment of the ethical, cultural, and spiritual implications of the medical nutrition therapy may be overlooked.

Methods: Eleven competency statements were developed by members of two international sections of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.

Consistency in the Assessment of Dried Blood Spot Specimen Size and Quality in U.K. Newborn Screening Laboratories.

In 2015, U.K. newborn screening (NBS) laboratory guidelines were introduced to standardize dried blood spot (DBS) specimen quality acceptance and specify a minimum acceptable DBS diameter of ≥7 mm.

Defects in NK cell immunity of pediatric cancer patients revealed by deep immune profiling.

Systemic immunity plays an important role in cancer immune surveillance and response to therapy, but little is known about the immune status of children with solid cancers. We performed a high-dimensional single-cell analysis of systemic immunity in 50 treatment-naive pediatric cancer patients, comparing them to age-matched healthy children. Children with cancer had a lower frequency of peripheral NK cells, which was not due to tumor sequestration, had lower surface levels of activating receptors and increased levels of the inhibitory NKG2A receptor.