Non-coding RNAs-mediated environmental surveillance determines male fertility in plants.

Plants are continuously exposed to environmental stresses leading to significant yield losses. With the changing climatic conditions, the intensity and duration of these stresses are expected to increase, posing a severe threat to crop productivity worldwide. Male gametogenesis is one of the most sensitive developmental stages.

Long-term antitrypanosomal effect of quinapyramine sulphate-loaded oil-based nanosuspension in T. evansi-infected mouse model.

The goal of the present work consisted of the formulation development and evaluation of quinapyramine sulphate (QS)-loaded long-acting oil-based nanosuspension for improved antitrypanosomal effect. QS was transformed into a hydrophobic ionic complex using anionic sodium cholate (Na.C).

Machine learning assisted and smartphone integrated homogeneous electrochemiluminescence biosensor platform for sample to answer detection of various human metabolites.

The sensitive and accurate detection of glucose and lactate is essential for early diagnosis and effective management of diabetes complications. Herein, a 3D Printed ECL imaging system integrated with a Smartphone has been demonstrated to advance the traditional ECL to make a portable, affordable, and turnkey point-of-care solution to detect various human metabolites. A universal cross-platform application was introduced for analyzing ECL emitted signals to automate the whole detection process for real-time monitoring and rapid diagnostics.

Nanostructural evolution of hydrothermally grown SrTiOperovskite and its implementation in gaseous phase detection of ethanol.

A group of SrTiOnanostructures with unique nano-architecture have been synthesized in the current study. Sol-gel derived TiOnanoparticles along with Sr(OH)solution was processed with facial hydrothermal reaction at 180 °C and highly stable and distinct morphologies of SrTiOwere developed after different reaction time. Nanobush, nanograss, nanorod and nanosphere morphologies were created after 10, 14, 18 and 24 h of hydrothermal reaction.

Evolving Trends in Nanofibers for Topical Delivery of Therapeutics in Skin Disorders.

Nanotechnology has yielded nanostructure-based drug delivery approaches, among which nanofibers have been explored and researched for the potential topical delivery of therapeutics. Nanofibers are filaments or thread-like structures in the nanometer size range that are fabricated using various polymers, such as natural or synthetic polymers or their combination. The size or diameter of the nanofibers depends upon the polymers, the techniques of preparation, and the design specification.

Combined charge and hydrophobicity-guided screening of antibacterial peptides: two-level approach to predict antibacterial activity and efficacy.

Antibacterial peptides can be a potential game changer in the fight against antibiotic resistance. In order for these peptides to become successful antibiotic alternatives, it is essential that they possess high efficacy in addition to just being antibacterial. In this study, we have developed a two-level SVM-based binary classification approach to predict the antibacterial activity of a given peptide (model 1) and thereafter classify its antibacterial efficacy as high/low (model 2) with respect to minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against Staphylococcus aureus, one of the most common pathogens.

A protocol to execute a lab-on-chip platform for simultaneous culture and electrochemical detection of bacteria.

Here, we present a protocol for a miniaturized microfluidic device that enables quantitative tracking of bacterial growth. We describe steps for fabricating a screen-printed electrode, a laser-induced graphene heater, and a microfluidic device with its integrations. We then detail the electrochemical detection of bacteria using a microfluidic fuel cell.

Laser-inducedsynthesis of nano-composite Co-CoO-rGO on paper: miniaturized biosensor for alkaline phosphatase detection.

Recent progress in thesynthesise of various nanomaterials has gained tremendous interest and wide applications in various fields. For the first time to the best of our knowledge, this work reports a methodology of ultra-fastsynthesis of cobalt-cobalt oxide-reduced graphene oxide (Co-CoO-rGO (CC-rGO)) composite by laser ablation. The photothermal reduction technique was leveraged to develop the CC-rGO.

Buccal mucosal application of dissolvable microneedle patch containing photosensitizer provides effective localized delivery and phototherapy against oral carcinoma.

The effectiveness of phototherapy using photosensitizers is limited by the challenges in their delivery at the site of irradiation. Here, we demonstrate the localized application of a photosensitizer-loaded microneedle patch for effective photodynamic and photothermal therapy in oral carcinoma. Indocyanine green (ICG) was studied as a photosensitizer for its effect on oral carcinoma, FaDu cells.

Bimetallic Ag-Cu Alloy SERS Substrates as Label-Free Biomedical Sensors: Femtomolar Detection of Anticancer Drug Mitoxantrone with Multiplexing.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has been recognized as a promising label-free technology for clinical monitoring due to its high sensitivity and multiplexing ability, which should accelerate the screening of important drugs in the blood and plasma of cancer patients in a simpler, faster, and less-expensive manner. In this work, bimetallic Ag-Au and Ag-Cu alloy microflowers (MFs) with tunable surface compositions were fabricated on a glass cover slip by simple thermolysis of a metal alkyl ammonium halide precursor and used as SERS substrates for the sensitive detection of anticancer drug mitoxantrone (MTO). Two different laser excitation sources, 532 and 632.

Revolutionizing Therapeutic Delivery with Microneedle Technology for Tumor Treatment.

The tumor is an uncontrolled growth of tissue that can be localized (benign) or possesses the capability of metastasis (malignant). The conventional methods of tumor diagnosis, such as acupuncture, endoscopy, and histopathology, and treatment methods, such as injections, chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy, are invasive, expensive, and pose severe safety and management issues for the patients. Microneedle technology is a recently developed approach for active transdermal drug delivery.

Surface Modification of Lipid-Based Nanocarriers: A Potential Approach to Enhance Targeted Drug Delivery.

Nanocarriers have the utmost significance for advancements in drug delivery and nanomedicine technology. They are classified as polymer-based nanocarriers, lipid-based nanocarriers, viral nanoparticles, or inorganic nanoparticles, depending on their constituent parts. Lipid-based nanocarrier systems have gained tremendous attention over the years because of their noteworthy properties like high drug-loading capacity, lower toxicity, better bioavailability and biocompatibility, stability in the gastrointestinal tract, controlled release, simpler scale-up, and validation process.

Optimized porous carbon-fibre microelectrode for multiplexed, highly reproducible and repeatable detection of heavy metals in real water samples.

This work demonstrates the simultaneous identification of four hazardous heavy metals in water samples, namely copper, lead, cadmium, and mercury. A simple yet selective electrode with the simplest fabrication procedure was used. The modified porous carbon threads coated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was employed as a working electrode.

Zinc Oleate Nanorod-Induced Vertical Alignment of Nematic Liquid Crystal.

Nanocomposite zinc oxide nanorods capped with oleic acid (ZOR) with positive dielectric anisotropy liquid crystal (LC) 4'-octyl-4-biphenylcarbonitrile (8CB) filled in unaligned cells exhibit homeotropic alignment of host LC molecules. Further, systematic investigation of the textural, dielectric, and conductivity properties of nanocomposites filled in planar cells is performed with increasing concentration of nanorods. At a nanorod concentration ≤0.

Asiaticoside polymeric nanoparticles for effective diabetic wound healing through increased collagen biosynthesis: In-vitro and in-vivo evaluation.

Asiaticoside (AST) is a naturally available phytoconstituent that enables effective wound healing mainly by promoting collagen biosynthesis. However, the physicochemical nature of AST such as high molecular weight (959.12 g/mol), poor water solubility and poor permeability limits its therapeutic effects.

Hydrocaffeic acid-chitosan coating of gastric patch provides long-acting mucoadhesive delivery of model chemotherapeutic agent.

The development of a long-acting orally administered dosage form is a challenge. Here, we report development of a multi-layered mucoadhesive gastric patch that could deliver entrapped chemotherapeutic agent for eight days after oral administration. The multi-layered patch was designed to contain core layer, mucoadhesive layer and backing layer.

Immunocyte Derived Exosomes: Insight into the Potential Chemo-immunotherapeutic Nanocarrier Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment.

"Cancer" is a dreadful immune-pathological condition that is characterized by anti-inflammatory and tumorigenic responses, elicited by the infiltrating immune cells in the vicinity of an uncontrollably proliferative tumor in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME offers a conducive microenvironment that supports cancer cell survival by modulating the host immune defense. Recent advancement in exosomal research has shown exosomes, originating from immune cells as well as the cancer cells, have immense potential for suppressing cancer progression and survival in the TME.

Laser induced graphanized microfluidic devices.

With the advent of cyber-physical system-based automation and intelligence, the development of flexible and wearable devices has dramatically enhanced. Evidently, this has led to the thrust to realize standalone and sufficiently-self-powered miniaturized devices for a variety of sensing and monitoring applications. To this end, a range of aspects needs to be carefully and synergistically optimized.

Insight into the pivotal role of signaling pathways in psoriasis pathogenesis, potential therapeutic molecules and drug delivery approaches.

Psoriasis is a multifactorial chronic autoimmune skin disorder, the exact cause of which is still under investigation. It is classified into different types displaying various histopathological features such as hyperproliferation, irregular parakeratosis and vascular infiltration of various immune cells with neutrophils in the epidermis. Over the past few decades, psoriasis pathogenesis has been thoroughly researched, leading to several advances in the treatment using small molecules and biologics.

Colon-Targeted Layer-by-Layer Self-assembled Film: Pharmacokinetic Analysis of BCS Class I and Class III Model Drugs.

The aim of the study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic parameters of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and moxifloxacin HCl (MF) after oral administration using layer-by-layer assembled film in enteric-coated capsule. The layer-by-layer (LbL) film was prepared by sequential layering of chitosan and sodium alginate polyelectrolytes containing either 5FU or MF. The films were in vitro evaluated for physical characteristics, drug loading and release behaviour.

Proteomic Signatures of the Serological Response to Influenza Vaccination in a Large Human Cohort Study.

The serological response to the influenza virus vaccine is highly heterogeneous for reasons that are not entirely clear. While the impact of demographic factors such as age, body mass index (BMI), sex, prior vaccination and titer levels are known to impact seroconversion, they only explain a fraction of the response. To identify signatures of the vaccine response, we analyzed 273 protein levels from 138 serum samples of influenza vaccine recipients (2019-2020 season).