Advancements in genetic engineering for enhanced Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) production: a comprehensive review of metabolic pathway manipulation and gene deletion strategies.

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are bioplastics produced by few bacteria as intracellular lipid inclusions under excess carbon source and nutrient-deprived conditions. These polymers are biodegradable and resemble petroleum-based plastics. The rising environmental concerns have increased the demand for PHA, but the low yield in wild-type bacterial strains limits large-scale production.

Integrated multidisciplinary analysis of mobile digital radiographic acquisitions of the mummies of the hermits from the Sanctuary of Madonna della Corona (Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy - 17th to 19th century CE).

Paleoradiology has become a standard diagnostic method in the study of mummified or embalmed bodies. Among the various available techniques, computed tomography valuing for its ability to provide detailed information. However, computed tomography equipment is not always accessible to research teams, cannot be easily transported to all conservation sites, and raises health concerns.

Emerging engineered nanozymes: current status and future perspectives in cancer treatments.

Composite nanozymes are composed of enzymes with similar or different catalytic capabilities and have higher catalytic activity than a single enzyme. In recent years, composite nanozymes have emerged as novel nanomaterial platforms for multiple applications in various research fields, where they are used to produce oxygen, consume glutathione, or produce toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) for cancer therapy. The therapeutic approach using composite nanozymes is known as chemo-dynamic therapy (CDT).

The measurement of microplastics in surface water and their impact on histopathological structures in wading birds of district Lahore.

Plastics are globally considered a significant threat, particularly to metropolitan areas, due to the extensive use of plastic products. This research is the first of its kind to document microplastics contamination and its effects on Red wettled lapwing (Vanellus indicus). The concentration of microplastics (MPs) was measured from surface water at different locations including canals and drains, which are the primary sources of MPs pollution in the metropolitan city Lahore, Pakistan.

Young TPI: empowering animal-free science among the next- generation of scientists.

Strategies emphasizing animal-free innovation are imperative for the contemporary and future scientific research. They not only address important ethical concerns, but also should directly improve research accuracy and reliability through redirecting scientific inquiry toward more reliable and translatable methodologies. Promotion and encouragement for use of animal-free innovations among the next-generation of scientists, alongside knowledge acquisition and training in the increased capabilities of novel technologies, are fundamental for advancing science and the welfare of animals used for scientific purposes.

A review of recent advancements in the impact response of fiber metal laminates.

Fiber metal laminates (FMLs) have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional impact resistance, making them attractive for various structural applications. This review presents recent advancements in understanding the impact behavior of FMLs under low- and high-velocity impact scenarios. Low-velocity impacts, commonly encountered during manufacturing, handling, and tool drops, are discussed, with a focus on damage mechanisms, energy absorption capabilities, and influential factors such as impactor geometry and boundary conditions.

Understanding the vaginal microbiome among women with different genotypes of human papillomavirus infection in remote Andaman islands.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a viral infection, and its acquisition and persistence are significantly influenced by the vaginal microbiota. Understanding and comparing the vaginal microbiome of HPV infected women in Andaman and Nicobar Islands is crucial.

Methods: The study involved collecting vaginal swabs and extracting DNA using the QIAamp DNA Minikit.

Redox biomarker levels in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a heterogeneous clonal disorder characterized by insufficient hematopoiesis, peripheral blood cytopenia and an increased risk for malignant transformation to acute myeloid leukemia. Several factors, such as age, sex and lifestyle, promote the development of MDS syndrome. Oxidative stress, along with its detrimental effects, cause hematological disorders; however, its role in the pathogenesis of MDS is unknown.

Concurrent presence of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome types of Meticillin-Resistant in hospital environments and post-operative patients at a hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal.

Introduction: Meticillin resistant (MRSA) is a major contributor to surgical site infections in post-operative patients. Hospital environments harbor MRSA, contributing to higher risk of nosocomial infections. Meticillin resistance is conferred by acquisition of gene, typically carried on mobile genetic element called Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome (SCC).

Effect of botanical powders and the assassin bug, Mont. and Sign. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) against Lesne (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) infesting yam chips.

Background: Lesne (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) is the main pest of stored dried yam chips that causes significant losses in less than 3 months. The assassin bug, (Montrouzier & Signoret) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) and the African mahogany ( (Desv.) A.

Nanomaterials-plants-microbes interaction: plant growth promotion and stress mitigation.

Soil salinization, extreme climate conditions, and phytopathogens are abiotic and biotic stressors that remarkably reduce agricultural productivity. Recently, nanomaterials have gained attention as effective agents for agricultural applications to mitigate such stresses. This review aims to critically appraise the available literature on interactions involving nanomaterials, plants, and microorganisms.

Origin and pathogenicity variation of in China.

Grapevine downy mildew caused by (Pv) is one of the most devastating diseases of grapevine in China. To understand the origin and pathogenicity of Chinese Pv, a total of 193 single-sporangiophore isolates were obtained from 14 Chinese major viticulture areas. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that Chinese Pv isolates originate from North America and belong to the clade .

CRISPR/Cas12a-based method coupled with isothermal amplification to identify spp. isolated from wheat grain samples.

fungal species are considered major plant pathogens, infecting various crops and resulting in significant agricultural losses. Additionally, these species can contaminate grain with multiple mycotoxins that are harmful to humans and animals. Efficient pest management relies on timely detection and identification of phytopathogens in plant and grain samples, facilitating prompt selection of a crop protection strategy.

Uncovering novel KCC2 regulatory motifs through a comprehensive transposon-based mutant library.

Introduction: The neuron-specific K-Cl cotransporter KCC2 maintains low intracellular chloride levels, which are crucial for fast GABAergic and glycinergic neurotransmission. KCC2 also plays a pivotal role in the development of excitatory glutamatergic neurotransmission by promoting dendritic spine maturation. The cytoplasmic C-terminal domain (KCC2-CTD) plays a critical regulatory role in the molecular mechanisms controlling the cotransporter activity through dimerization, phosphorylation, and protein interaction.

Correction: Inhibitory effect of miR-377 on the proliferative and invasive behaviors of prostate cancer cells through the modulation of MYC mRNA via its interaction with BCL-2/Bax, PTEN, and CDK4.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.236.

Optimizing lipopeptide bioactivity: The impact of non-ionic surfactant dressing.

The aim of the research is to increase the applicability of lipopeptides as drugs. To this end, non-ionic triblock copolymers, namely poloxamers, were applied. The physico-chemical properties of poloxamers vary depending on the length of the blocks.

: identification and characterization of plant-conserved microRNA in Rafflesiaceae.

Rafflesiaceae is a family of endangered plants whose members are solely parasitic to the tropical grape vine (Vitaceae). Currently, the genetics of their crosstalk with the host remains unexplored. In this study, we use homology-based approaches to characterize micro-RNAs (miRNAs) expressed by and from published omics data.

Analysis of engineered T7 bacteriophages containing genetic sequences encoding antimicrobial peptides.

Because of the global spread of multi- and pan-resistant bacteria, there is a need to identify, research, and develop new strategies to combat these pathogens. In a previous proof-of-concept study, we presented an innovative strategy by genetically modifying lytic T7 bacteriophages. We integrated DNA fragments encoding for derivatives of the antimicrobial peptide (AMP) apidaecin into the phage genome to induce the production and release of apidaecin within the T7 infection cycle, thereby also targeting phage-resistant bacteria.

Advancing veterinary vaccines design through trained immunity insights.

Trained immunity, characterized by long-term functional reprogramming of innate immune cells, offers promising new directions for veterinary vaccine development. This perspective examines how trained immunity can be integrated into veterinary vaccine design through metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic modifications. We analyze key molecular mechanisms, including the shift to aerobic glycolysis and sustained epigenetic changes, that enable enhanced immune responses.

Silk Protein Gene Engineering and Its Applications: Recent Advances in Biomedicine Driven by Molecular Biotechnology.

Silk protein, as a natural polymer material with unique structures and properties, exhibits tremendous potential in the biomedical field. Given the limited production and restricted properties of natural silk proteins, molecular biotechnology has been extensively applied in silk protein genetic engineering to produce novel silk proteins with specific properties. This review outlines the roles of major model organisms, such as silkworms and spiders, in silk protein production, and provides a detailed introduction to the applications of gene editing technologies (eg, CRISPR-Cas9), transgenic expression technologies, and synthetic biology techniques in silk protein genetic engineering.

Methadone metabolite (EDDP) crystals in urine: a case report.

Crystals in urinary sediment are commonly recognized structures, typically identified by a combination of crystal morphology and urine pH. In this paper, we present the first reported case of EDDP (2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidene) crystals, the primary metabolite of methadone, in a 67-year-old male with hepatorenal syndrome. Routine urinalysis revealed numerous needle-shaped crystals, which prompted further investigation.

Liposome-encapsulated lambda exonuclease-based amplification system for enhanced detection of miRNA in platelet-derived microvesicles of non-small cell lung cancer.

Platelet-derived microvesicles (PMVs) and their encapsulated microRNAs (miRNAs) hold immense potential as biomarkers for early non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) diagnosis. This study presents a pioneering liposome-based approach for enhanced miRNA detection within PMVs, employing a lambda exonuclease (λ EXO)-based amplification system encapsulated in immunoliposomes. The platform exploits the novel catalytic functionality of λ EXO, demonstrating its unprecedented capability to catalyze RNA-DNA hybrid substrates.

Safety and tolerability of intramuscular sotrovimab administered at different injection sites: results from the Phase 1 COSMIC study.

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT05280717.

Deciphering the Dynamic Interplay between Rhizobacteria and Root Exudates via Cerium Oxide Nanomaterials Modulation for Promoting Soybean Yield and Quality.

The interplay between root exudates and rhizobacteria is essential for enhancing agricultural productivity. Herein, the impacts of cerium dioxide nanomaterials (CeO NMs) on these interactions in soybean plants were investigated. Following 3-5 weeks of exposure to 5 mg·kg CeO NMs, the composition of root exudates changed over time, with isoflavone levels increasing by 6.