Evaluating efflux pump inhibition in Staphylococcus aureus 1199B strain using thiadiazine-derived compounds: In vitro and in silico approaches.

Thiadiazines are heterocyclic compounds known for some pharmacological activities. However, the ability of these compounds and their derivatives to act as antibacterial agents and inhibitors of the efflux system in resistant bacteria remains unknown. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial and NorA efflux pump inhibitory activities of thiadiazine-derived compounds (IJ14, IJ15, IJ16, IJ17, IJ18, IJ19, and IJ20) against the Staphylococcus aureus 1199B strain.

Phyllanthus niruri L. Administration during pregnancy and breastfeeding: Maternal evaluation and effects on initial development and adult behavior of male rat offspring.

The leaves of Phyllanthus niruri L. are used in folk medicine in many countries to treat various diseases. However, despite the enormous therapeutic potential, use of the plant is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Integrative evidence on the hybridization between Cenostigma microphyllum and C. pyramidale (Leguminosae) in the Caatinga dry forest.

Interspecific hybridization plays an important role in plant evolution, contributing to taxonomic uncertainty through intermediate phenotypes or the emergence of novel traits. The characterization of hybridization is important to elucidate systematic relationships and its role in the diversification of lineages. The genus Cenostigma comprises neotropical legume trees with phylogenetic inconsistencies, and individuals showing intermediate morphology between sympatric species, suggesting natural hybridization.

Oral pemphigus vulgaris diagnostic characteristics and treatment: a systematic review.

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a rare, potentially fatal, immune-mediated chronic disease characterized by the presence of bullous intraepithelial lesions on mucous membranes and skin. This study aimed to perform a systematic literature review covering PV clinical and histopathological aspects and treatment. The literature searches were carried out in the Pubmed, Periódicos Capes, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science and Scielo databases.

A systematic review of historic neighborhood redlining and contemporary health outcomes.

Objectives: Historic redlining grades that were assigned to US neighborhoods based largely on minority race or ethnicity by the Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) during the 1930s have been linked with adverse health outcomes among neighborhood residents. This review aimed to summarize the quantitative evidence, so we could determine if any findings are replicated and otherwise identify research gaps.

Study Design: Systematic review.

Canagliflozin treatment prevents follicular exhaustion and attenuates hallmarks of ovarian aging in genetically heterogenous mice.

Ovarian aging is characterized by declines in follicular reserve and the emergence of mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxygen species production, inflammation, and fibrosis, which eventually results in menopause. Menopause is associated with increased systemic aging and the development of numerous comorbidities; therefore, the attenuation of ovarian aging could also delay systemic aging processes in women. Recent work has established that the anti-diabetic drug Canagliflozin (Cana), a sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitor, elicits benefits on aging-related outcomes, likely through the modulation of nutrient-sensing pathways and metabolic homeostasis.

Tailoring microbial fitness through computational steering and CRISPRi-driven robustness regulation.

The widespread application of genetically modified microorganisms (GMMs) across diverse sectors underscores the pressing need for robust strategies to mitigate the risks associated with their potential uncontrolled escape. This study merges computational modeling with CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) to refine GMM metabolic robustness. Utilizing ensemble modeling, we achieved high-throughput in silico screening for enzymatic targets susceptible to expression alterations.

New cave species of Cyphoderus Nicolet and Pararrhopalites Bonet & Tellez (Hexapoda, Collembola) from Caatinga biome, Brazil.

In recent years, surveys have revealed a high diversity of troglophilic and troglobitic species of Brazilian Collembola, mainly represented by the Entomobryidae and Sminthuridae, which hold some representative genera in Brazilian caves such as Cyphoderus Nicolet and Pararrhopalites Bonet & Tellez. Here we describe in detail two new species of these genera sampled from caves of the semiarid region of Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil. Cyphoderus caatinguensis sp.

A new species of Dicranocentrus Schött (Collembola, Orchesellidae) from the Brazilian Pampa, with a key to the gracilis-group taxa.

Dicranocentrus Schött, 1893 is one of the largest genera of Orchesellidae, with a Pantropical distribution. Here we describe and illustrate the first species of the genus recorded from the Brazilian Pampa domain, in the Southern Region of the country. Dicranocentrus pampaensis sp.

The DERMIS Study: Methodologies, Results, and Implications for the Future.

Ongoing innovation in diabetes technologies has led to the development of advanced tools such as automated insulin delivery (AID) systems that adjust insulin delivery in response to current and predicted glucose levels, residual insulin action, and other inputs (eg, meal and exercise announcements). However, infusion sets continue to be the "Achilles heel" of accurate and precise insulin delivery and continued device use. A recent study by Kalus et al (DERMIS Study) revealed higher vessel density and signals of inflammation by optical coherence tomography (OCT), in addition to increased inflammation, fat necrosis, fibrosis, and eosinophilic infiltration by histopathology.

Long-Term Stability of Nicotinamide Cofactors in Common Aqueous Buffers: Implications for Cell-Free Biocatalysis.

The use of nicotinamide cofactors in cell-free biocatalytic systems is necessitated by the high specificity that these enzymes show for their natural redox mediators. Unfortunately, isolation and use of natural cofactors is costly, which suggests that enhancing their stability is key to enabling their use in industrial processes. This study details NAD and NADH stability in three buffer systems (sodium phosphate, HEPES, and Tris) at 19 °C and 25 °C and for up to 43 d.

Functional near-infrared spectrometry for auditory speech stimuli in cochlear implant users: a systematic literature review.

Objective: This study aims to identify the acquisition features of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in cochlear implant users.

Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, IEEE Xplore, Google Scholar, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global were searched using the PECOS acronym.

The impact of inactivation of the GH/IGF axis during aging on healthspan.

Several mouse lines with congenital growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis disruption have shown improved health and extended lifespan. The current study investigated how inactivating this axis, specifically during aging, impacts the healthspan. We used a tamoxifen-inducible global GH receptor (GHR) knockout mouse model starting at 12 months and followed the mice until 24 months of age (iGHRKO mice).

Small cells with big photosynthetic productivities: biotechnological potential of the Picochlorum genus.

The Picochlorum genus is a distinctive eukaryotic green-algal clade that is the focus of several current biotechnological studies. It is capable of extremely rapid growth rates and has exceptional tolerances to high salinity, intense light, and elevated temperatures. Importantly, it has robust stability and high-biomass productivities in outdoor field trials in seawater.

A century later: a new species of Handschin, 1924 (Collembola, Orchesellidae), with morphological and systematic updates on the genus.

Handschin, the sole member of its genus and the Mastigocerini tribe, exhibits unusual dorsal chaetotaxy compared to other Orchesellidae. This includes a reduction in dorsal macrochaetotaxy and a secondary covering of fusiform scales intermixed with ciliate microchaetae. Despite three redescriptions, chaetotaxy remains poorly understood, with no data on tergal sensilla patterns or dorsal macrochaetae homology.

The Fourth Annual Symposium of the Midwest Aging Consortium.

The Midwest Aging Consortium (MAC) has emerged as a critical collaborative initiative aimed at advancing our understanding of aging and developing strategies to combat the rising prevalence of age-related diseases. Founded in 2019, MAC brings together researchers from various disciplines and institutions across the Midwestern United States to foster interdisciplinary geroscience research. This report summarizes the highlights of the Fourth Annual Symposium of MAC, which was held at Iowa State University in May 2023.

Chronic exposure to low concentration of diflubenzuron and pyriproxyfen induces brain oxidative stress and inflammation and alters locomotion in zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Diflubenzuron (DFB) and pyriproxyfen (PPF) are pesticides widely used in agriculture and urban environments to control insect actions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of chronic 30-day exposure to DFB (0.025 and 0.

Functional roles of the [2Fe-2S] clusters in Synechocystis PCC 6803 Hox [NiFe]-hydrogenase reactivity with ferredoxins.

The HoxEFUYH complex of Synechocystis PCC 6803 (S. 6803) consists of a HoxEFU ferredoxin:NAD(P)H oxidoreductase subcomplex and a HoxYH [NiFe]-hydrogenase subcomplex that catalyzes reversible H oxidation. Prior studies have suggested that the presence of HoxE is required for reactivity with ferredoxin; however, it is unknown how HoxE is functionally integrated into the electron transfer network of the HoxEFU:ferredoxin complex.

Duration of aversive memory in zebrafish after a single shock.

Studies on memory consolidation and reconsolidation, memory loss, and the associated biochemical mechanisms have garnered interest in the past decades due to knowledge of memory performance-affecting factors such as stress, emotions, sleep, age, several neurological diseases, drugs, and chemical pollutants. Memory research has been using animal models, with increased interest in the zebrafish model. This freshwater fish species shows a wide range of behaviors relevant to memory research such as social behavior, aggression, and predator avoidance; however, few studies have investigated the duration of long-term memory.

Cyanobacteria newly isolated from marine volcanic seeps display rapid sinking and robust, high-density growth.

Unlabelled: Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic organisms that play important roles in carbon cycling and are promising bioproduction chassis. Here, we isolate two novel cyanobacteria with 4.6Mbp genomes, UTEX 3221 and UTEX 3222, from a unique marine environment with naturally elevated CO₂.

Acute toxicity of trypsin inhibitor from tamarind seeds in embryo and adult zebrafish ().

The trypsin inhibitor isolated from tamarind seeds (TTI) is being investigated for potential applications in the treatment of noncommunicable diseases (NCD), such as hypertension, obesity, and diabetes. This study aimed to assess TTI embryotoxicity and acute toxicity in adult zebrafish (). TTI was extracted and isolated from tamarind seeds.

The Impact of Body Odors on Sexual Attraction and Partner Selection: A Review of Cisgender Homosexual Men and Women.

This study examined the role of odors in sexual attraction and partner selection among non-heterosexual individuals. We searched using MESH terms in databases including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, and Clinical Trials. We focused on experimental or quasi-experimental studies where olfactory cues were used in partner selection.

Enhancing Air Quality Index Activity Guidelines for Preventing Cardiovascular Events in the General Adult Population.

Background: The public health relevance of daily Air Quality Index (AQI) activity guidelines for the general adult public in the United States to prevent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events is questionable.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to explore the utility of a policy tailoring activity guidance to calculated ASCVD risk rather than uniform recommendations to the general adult public as currently provided.

Methods: We calculated the number needed to treat (NNT) to prevent one ASCVD event per day by following activity recommendations across 10-year ASCVD risk scores (1% to 20%).