Lung cancer in nuclear workers of Mayak. A comparison of numerical procedures.

Lung cancer mortality was analyzed among 4279 nuclear workers of the Mayak facilities in the former Soviet Union, who were exposed to chronic irradiation both externally and internally from incorporated plutonium. The analysis was carried out in terms of a relative risk model. It was shown that an earlier estimate of the excess relative risk for lung cancer, that exceeds the value employed by ICRP by a factor of roughly 2, as well as an earlier estimated latency period of 24 years for lung cancer induction were the result of the numerical procedure chosen.

Occupational diseases from radiation exposure at the first nuclear plant in the USSR.

The characteristics of occupational diseases from radiation exposure at the first nuclear plant (Prod. Assoc. 'Mayak') in the period of its formation is presented here in brief.

Mortality from external causes among the personnel of Mayak's radiochemical plant.

The mortality rate from accidents, poisoning, and traumas was analyzed in 12,806 persons who started work at the radiochemical plant from 1948 to 1972. 559 persons died from these causes, which corresponds to 21.1% of the total number of deaths.

Mortality from cardiovascular diseases among male workers at the radiochemical plant of the 'Mayak' complex.

An epidemiologic retrospective study was conducted on the basis of a personnel registry, including 9373 male workers who had started to work at the radiochemical plant during the period from 1948 to 1972, inclusive. Male mortality from cardiovascular disease proved to be 271.1 cases in 100,000 persons/year on average.

Lung cancer in radiochemical industry workers.

The frequency of lung cancer was investigated among 2346 workers in the radiochemical plant 'Mayak' who were exposed to radiation, both externally and internally from incorporation of plutonium. The results from the follow-up were analysed in terms of a linear relative risk model, accounting for the protracted exposures. On the basis of the observed data, it is deduced that the life-span incidence of radiation-induced lung cancer is several times larger than the value 0.

Mortality from malignancies of the hematopoietic and lymphatic tissues among personnel of the first nuclear plant in the USSR.

This paper reports results from the study of mortality from malignancies of the hematopoietic and lymphatic system among personnel of the first nuclear reactor and processing plant in the USSR. Two registers have been set up. They include all personnel of the atomic reactor (register A) and of the radiochemical processing plant (register B).

Health status of children whose grandparents had been subjected to occupational external gamma-exposure.

This paper presents the results of long-term studies conducted into the health state of grandchildren of individuals occupationally exposed to chronic irradiation before conception. Differences between the study group and the control group were neither found in the physical development (i.e.

Factors effecting the morbidity in populations living in the vicinity of atomic industry plants.

In order to examine the effects of radiation, chemicals, and social factors on the incidence of different diseases in the population living in the vicinity of atomic industry facilities, the site of the Production Association 'Mayak' has been selected for detailed analyses. Diseases under study were morbidity among newborns including congenital anomalies, diseases of respiratory organs, and cancer. Using a regression model, no statistically significant correlation was found between incidence and radiation exposure.

Plutonium and the risk of cancer. A comparative analysis of Pu-body burdens due to releases from nuclear plants (Chelyabinsk-65, Gomel area) and global fallout.

Results of the analysis of dynamic body burdens of Pu in adult inhabitants of Chelyabinsk-65 (not occupationally exposed) and different areas of the Gomel region are presented for 1990-1991. The data are based on radiochemical analyses of Pu in human organs and tissues. Comparison with the published data on global Pu and our data for human autopsies (Ufa, Russia) revealed that estimates of Pubody burdens in Chelyabinsk-65 residents were up to 30 times higher than global levels and depended on the period of residence in town.