Evaluation of an 2-Substituted (1-3)-β-D-Glucan, Produced by 2.6, in Models of Crohn's Disease.

1,3-β-glucans are extracellular polysaccharides synthesized by microorganisms and plants, with therapeutic potential. Among them, the 2-substituted-(1-3)-β-D-glucan, synthesized by some lactic acid bacteria (LAB), has a prebiotic effect on probiotic strains, an immunomodulatory effect on monocyte-derived macrophages, and potentiates the ability of the producer strain to adhere to Caco-2 cells differentiated to enterocytes. In this work, the 2-substituted-(1-3)-β-D-glucan polymers produced by GTF glycoyltransferase in the natural host 2.

High 2,3-butanediol production from glycerol by Raoultella terrigena CECT 4519.

Bioconversion of biodiesel-derived glycerol into 2,3-butanediol has received recently much attention due to its increasing surplus and its multiple uses in industry as bulk chemical. The influence of initial glycerol concentration on 2,3-butanediol production in batch runs has been studied. A concentration higher than 140 g/L produces an inhibitory effect on the final 2,3-butanediol concentration and its production rate.

Autophagy-related approaches for improving nutrient use efficiency and crop yield protection.

Autophagy is a eukaryotic catabolic pathway essential for growth and development. In plants, it is activated in response to environmental cues or developmental stimuli. However, in contrast to other eukaryotic systems, we know relatively little regarding the molecular players involved in autophagy and the regulation of this complex pathway.

In situ molecular identification of the Ntf4 MAPK expression sites in maturing and germinating pollen.

Background Information: MAPKs (mitogen-activated protein kinases) are involved in the transduction of different signals in eukaryotes. They regulate different processes, such as differentiation, proliferation and stress response. MAPKs act through the phosphorylation cascade, being the last element that phosphorylates the final effector of the cell response.

Lipid peroxidation, occupational stress and aging in workers of a prehospital emergency service.

Background: Stressful conditions lead to formation of excessive free radicals, and lipid peroxidation is one of the major outcomes of free radical-mediated injury that directly damages membranes and generates a number of secondary products.

Objectives: To determine the levels of malondialdehyde, an end product of lipid peroxidation, according to demographic and occupational variables in workers of a prehospital emergency service and to analyse the relationship between malondialdehyde levels and burnout.

Material And Methods: One hundred and eleven healthy workers of a prehospital emergency service and eighty aged-matched healthy individuals of both sexes as a control group were surveyed.

Isolation and functional characterisation of two new bZIP maize regulators of the ABA responsive gene rab28.

The plant hormone abscisic acid regulates gene expression in response to growth stimuli and abiotic stress. Previous studies have implicated members of the bZIP family of transcription factors as mediators of abscisic acid dependent gene expression through the ABRE cis-element. Here, we identify two new maize bZIP transcription factors, EmBP-2 and ZmBZ-1 related to EmBP-1 and OsBZ-8 families.