Biomimetic Cerium-Assisted Supra-Carbon Dots Assembly for Reactive Oxygen Species-Activated Atherosclerosis Theranostic.

Theranostic applications in atherosclerosis plaque microenvironment-triggered nanoplatforms are significantly compromised by the complex synthesis procedure, non-specific distribution, and limited therapeutic function. Therefore, development of a facile and feasible method to construct a pathology-based stimuli-responsive nanoplatform with satisfactory theranostic performance remains a demanding and highly anticipated goal. Herein, a novel class of multifunctional supra-carbon dots (CDs), denoted as MM@Ce-CDs NPs, by a simple nanoassembly and a subsequent coating with macrophage membrane (MM), is developed for the targeted reactive oxygen species-trigged theranostic and positive regulation of the pathological plaque microenvironment in AS.

Development of a sodium hyaluronate-enriched therapeutic formulation with stevia glycoside and mogroside V for the comprehensive management of diabetes and its complications.

Diabetes prevalence continues to increase as a result of people's increasing sugar intake. Diabetes mellitus and its complications (dry skin, constipation, depression, and dental caries), as well as the prohibition of sweets ingestion, seriously affect patients' physical and mental health. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a long-term food for special medical purposes (FSMP) that aids in managing diabetes and its complications.

Utilizing zebrafish models to elucidate mechanisms and develop therapies for skeletal muscle atrophy.

Skeletal muscle atrophy, resulting from an imbalance in muscle protein synthesis and degradation, compromises muscle quality and function, imposing significant burdens on movement and metabolic stability. Animal models are crucial for understanding the mechanisms of skeletal muscle atrophy and developing clinical prevention and treatment strategies. Zebrafish, as small aquatic vertebrates, exhibit high genetic homology with humans and offer advantages such as rapid reproduction, development, and transparent embryos.

An animal model recapitulates human hepatic diseases associated with mutations.

Heterozygotic mutations are responsible for various congenital diseases in the heart, pancreas, liver, and other organs in humans. However, there is lack of an animal that can comprehensively model these diseases since GATA6 is essential for early embryogenesis. Here, we report the establishment of a knockout zebrafish which recapitulates most of the symptoms in patients with mutations, including cardiac outflow tract defects, pancreatic hypoplasia/agenesis, gallbladder agenesis, and various liver diseases.

CRISPR/Cas12a regulated preassembled bulb-shaped G-quadruplex signal unit for FL/CM dual-mode ultrasensitive detection of miRNA-155.

High sensitivity and specificity in microRNA detection are of great significance for early cancer screening. This study employed a pre-assembled bulb-shaped G-quadruplex signal unit (G4MB) as a novel and efficient label-free probe. The products amplified by the miRNA-155-targeted exponential amplification reaction (EXPAR) activated the trans-cleavage activity of CRISPR/Cas12a, disrupting the G4MB structure to achieve dual-channel fluorescence/colorimetric (FL/CM) inverse signal output.

CRISPR/Cas12a-Powered Electrochemical Platform for Dual-miRNA Detection via an AND Logic Circuit.

The CRISPR/Cas technology shows great potential in molecular detection and diagnostics. However, it is still challenging to detect multiple targets simultaneously using the CRISPR-Cas system. Herein, we ingeniously leverage the synergistic effect of two short single-stranded DNA activators to construct a CRISPR/Cas12a-driven electrochemical sensing platform based on an AND logic circuit ("AND" LC-CRISPR) for the simultaneous detection of dual miRNAs.

An integrated wearable microfluidic biosensor for simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers in sweat.

Simultaneous detection of biomarkers in sweat is crucial for comprehensive health assessment and personalized monitoring. However, the low sweat secretion rate and low metabolite concentrations present challenges for developing non-invasive wearable sensors. This study aims to develop a flexible wearable biosensor for simultaneous detection of low-concentration biomarkers in sweat, enabling comprehensive health assessment.

Fe/Pt dual-atom catalyst-enabled wearable microfluidic patch for superior uric acid detection in sweat.

Wearable sweat sensors offer a promising non-invasive approach for real-time physiological monitoring, with significant potential in personalized medicine. In this study, we present an innovative wearable patch designed for highly sensitive and accurate detection of uric acid (UA) in human sweat. The sensor integrates superior platinum-iron dual-atom catalysts (Pt/Fe DACs), developed based on iron single-atom catalysts (Fe SACs), to achieve selective and precise UA detection across a wide concentration range (6.

Risk factors and predictive models in the progression from MCI to Alzheimer's disease.

Background: The conversion of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is related to various factors. The causal relationships among these factors remain unclear. This study aims to investigate pathways of the progression by using causal analysis and build a predictive model with high accuracy.

Optimized synergistic effects in sweat glucose detection with a Pt single-atom catalyst on NiO for fingertip wearable biosensors.

For the approximately 8.5 % of the global population living with diabetes, puncture-based glucose testing is often an unpleasant experience. Non-invasive sweat glucose testing not only reduces pain and the risk of wound infection but also offers a more suitable method for real-time glucose monitoring.

UniBioPAN: A Novel Universal Classification Architecture for Bioactive Peptides Inspired by Video Action Recognition.

The classification of bioactive peptides is of great importance in protein biology, but there is still a lack of a universal and effective classifier. Inspired by video action recognition, we developed the UniBioPAN architecture to create a universal peptide classifier to solve this problem. The architecture treats the peptide sequence as a video sequence and the molecular image of each amino acid in the peptide sequence as a video frame, enabling feature extraction and classification using convolutional neural networks, bidirectional long short-term memory networks, and fully connected networks.

Electrochemical Probing of Dopamine Dynamics During Poly(I:C)-Induced Neuroinflammation.

Viruses can infiltrate the central nervous system and contribute to depression, which may include alterations in dopamine (DA) metabolism triggered by immune responses though the specific mechanisms involved remain unclear. Here, an electrochemical system to realize the real-time dynamic monitoring of DA with high sensitivity is proposed and it is demonstrated that the viral simulator polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) can inhibit the release of DA (from 5.595 to 0.

Predictive models for secondary epilepsy in patients with acute ischemic stroke within one year.

Background: Post-stroke epilepsy (PSE) is a critical complication that worsens both prognosis and quality of life in patients with ischemic stroke. An interpretable machine learning model was developed to predict PSE using medical records from four hospitals in Chongqing.

Methods: Medical records, imaging reports, and laboratory test results from 21,459 ischemic stroke patients were collected and analyzed.

An interpretable deep learning model for detecting pathogenic variants of breast cancer from hematoxylin and eosin-stained pathological images.

Background: Determining the status of breast cancer susceptibility genes () is crucial for guiding breast cancer treatment. Nevertheless, the need for genetic testing among breast cancer patients remains unmet due to high costs and limited resources. This study aimed to develop a Bi-directional Self-Attention Multiple Instance Learning (BiAMIL) algorithm to detect status from hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) pathological images.

A novel colorimetric and fluorometric dual-signal identification of crude baijiu based on La-CDs.

The correct classification of strong-flavored crude baijiu affects its quality and overall standard and is crucial for the intelligent development of the baijiu industry. In this work, we developed a novel optical sensing array using lanthanum-doped carbon dots (La-CDs). Using La-CDs with three metal complex dyes-chromium black T, alizarin red, and dimethylphenol orange-we were able to detect organic acids and tannic acid (TA) in crude baijiu in a way that was both colorimetric and fluorescent for the first time.

Screening of functional maternal-specific chromatin regulators in early embryonic development of zebrafish.

The early stages of embryonic development rely on maternal products for proper regulation. However, screening for functional maternal-specific factors is challenging due to the time- and labor-intensive nature of traditional approaches. Here, we combine a computational pipeline and F0 null mutant technology to screen for functional maternal-specific chromatin regulators in zebrafish embryogenesis and identify Mcm3l, Mcm6l, and Npm2a as playing essential roles in DNA replication and cell division.

Biomimetic ROS-responsive hyaluronic acid nanoparticles loaded with methotrexate for targeted anti-atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis (AS), an inflammatory disease characterized by lipid accumulation, has a high global incidence and mortality rate. Recently, nanotherapeutic approaches that target pathological sites and improve drug bioavailability and biocompatibility hold great promise for AS treatment. In this study, a biomimetic ROS-responsive hyaluronic acid-based nanomaterial was prepared for targeted anti-AS.

A Multi-task Neural Network for Image Recognition in Magnetically Controlled Capsule Endoscopy.

Background And Aims: Physicians are required to spend a significant amount of reading time of magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy. However, current deep learning models are limited to completing a single recognition task and cannot replicate the diagnostic process of a physician. This study aims to construct a multi-task model that can simultaneously recognize gastric anatomical sites and gastric lesions.

A Novel High-Throughput and Sensitive Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay System.

(1) Background: In vitro diagnostic (IVD) tests are the main means of obtaining diagnostic information for clinical purposes. The electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) has become an important in vitro diagnostic technique. It has unique advantages and broad market prospects due to its sensitivity, detection limit, detection range and reagent stability.

Biliary stents for active materials and surface modification: Recent advances and future perspectives.

Demand for biliary stents has expanded with the increasing incidence of biliary disease. The implantation of plastic or self-expandable metal stents can be an effective treatment for biliary strictures. However, these stents are nondegradable and prone to restenosis.

Predicting mutation and stratifying targeted therapy response using multimodal learning: a multicenter study.

Background: The status of genes plays a crucial role in the treatment decision-making process for multiple cancer types. However, due to high costs and limited resources, a demand for genetic testing among patients is currently unmet. Notably, not all patients with mutations achieve favorable outcomes with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi), indicating the necessity for risk stratification.

The toxic effect of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol on embryonic development in zebrafish (Danio rerio): Decreased survival rate, morphological abnormality, and abnormal vascular development.

2,6-di-tert-butylphenol (2,6-DTBP) has been used extensively in plastics, rubber and polymer phenolic antioxidants. It is discharged into the aquatic environment through industrial waste. However, the toxicity assessment of 2,6-DTBP is insufficient.