Delivery of CD47 blocker SIRPα-Fc by CAR-T cells enhances antitumor efficacy.

Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has been successfully applied in treating lymphoma malignancies, but not in solid tumors. CD47 is highly expressed on tumor cells and its overexpression is believed to inhibit phagocytosis by macrophages and dendritic cells. Given the antitumor activity against preclinical model of CD47-blocking to induce the innate and adaptive immune system in the tumor microenvironment, here we developed a CAR-T cell secreting CD47 blocker signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα)-Fc fusion protein (Sirf CAR-T) to boost CAR-T cell therapeutic effect in solid tumor therapy.

Structurally-discovered KLF4 variants accelerate and stabilize reprogramming to pluripotency.

Non-genetically modified somatic cells can only be inefficiently and stochastically reprogrammed to pluripotency by exogenous expression of reprogramming factors. Low competence of natural reprogramming factors may prevent the majority of cells to successfully and synchronously reprogram. Here we screened DNA-interacting amino acid residues in the zinc-finger domain of KLF4 for enhanced reprogramming efficiency using alanine-substitution scanning methods.

Dissection of the polygenic architecture of neuronal Aβ production using a large sample of individual iPSC lines derived from Alzheimer's disease patients.

Genome-wide association studies have demonstrated that polygenic risks shape Alzheimer's disease (AD). To elucidate the polygenic architecture of AD phenotypes at a cellular level, we established induced pluripotent stem cells from 102 patients with AD, differentiated them into cortical neurons and conducted a genome-wide analysis of the neuronal production of amyloid β (Aβ). Using such a cellular dissection of polygenicity (CDiP) approach, we identified 24 significant genome-wide loci associated with alterations in Aβ production, including some loci not previously associated with AD, and confirmed the influence of some of the corresponding genes on Aβ levels by the use of small interfering RNA.

Uterine damage induces placenta accreta and immune imbalance at the maternal-fetal interface in the mouse.

Introduction: Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorder is one of the major complications resulting in maternal death and serious adverse pregnancy outcomes. Uterine damage - principally that associated with cesarean section - is the leading risk factor for the development of PAS. However, the underlying pathogenesis of PAS related to uterine damage remains unclear.

Effects of paternal exposure to cigarette smoke on sperm DNA methylation and long-term metabolic syndrome in offspring.

Background: Although paternal exposure to cigarette smoke may contribute to obesity and metabolic syndrome in offspring, the underlying mechanisms remain uncertain.

Methods: In the present study, we analyzed the sperm DNA-methylation profiles in tobacco-smoking normozoospermic (SN) men, non-tobacco-smoking normozoospermic (N) men, and non-smoking oligoasthenozoospermic (OA) men. Using a mouse model, we also analyzed global methylation and differentially methylated regions (DMRs) of the DLK1 gene in paternal spermatozoa and the livers of progeny.

Concerted and Independent Evolution of Control Regions 1 and 2 of Water Monitor Lizards () and Different Phylogenetic Informative Markers.

Duplicate control regions (CRs) have been observed in the mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of most varanids. Duplicate CRs have evolved in either concerted or independent evolution in vertebrates, but whether an evolutionary pattern exists in varanids remains unknown. Therefore, we conducted this study to analyze the evolutionary patterns and phylogenetic utilities of duplicate CRs in 72 individuals of and other varanids.

Interfamily grafting capacity of petunia.

In grafting, an agricultural technique for propagating flower species and fruit trees, two plants are combined to exploit their beneficial characteristics, such as rootstock disease tolerance and vigor. Grafting incompatibility has been observed, however, between distantly related plant combinations, which limits the availability of plant resources. A high grafting capacity has been found in Nicotiana, belonging to Solanaceae, but not in Ipomoea nil, a Convolvulaceae species.

DAJIN enables multiplex genotyping to simultaneously validate intended and unintended target genome editing outcomes.

Genome editing can introduce designed mutations into a target genomic site. Recent research has revealed that it can also induce various unintended events such as structural variations, small indels, and substitutions at, and in some cases, away from the target site. These rearrangements may result in confounding phenotypes in biomedical research samples and cause a concern in clinical or agricultural applications.

HMGB1-mediated restriction of EPO signaling contributes to anemia of inflammation.

Anemia of inflammation, also known as anemia of chronic disease, is refractory to erythropoietin (EPO) treatment, but the mechanisms underlying the EPO refractory state are unclear. Here, we demonstrate that high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1), a damage-associated molecular pattern molecule recently implicated in anemia development during sepsis, leads to reduced expansion and increased death of EPO-sensitive erythroid precursors in human models of erythropoiesis. HMGB1 significantly attenuates EPO-mediated phosphorylation of the Janus kinase 2/STAT5 and mTOR signaling pathways.

sp. nov., an endophytic actinobacterium isolated from the root of (L.).

The polyphasic taxonomic study of a novel endophytic actinobacterium strain (CA2R105) was carried out. The strain formed fragmented substrate mycelium and showed chemotaxonomic properties typical of members of the genus i.e.

Bacterial endophytes from ginseng and their biotechnological application.

Ginseng has been well-known as a medicinal plant for thousands of years. Bacterial endophytes ubiquitously colonize the inside tissues of ginseng without any disease symptoms. The identification of bacterial endophytes is conducted through either the internal transcribed spacer region combined with ribosomal sequences or metagenomics.

Resonance Raman analysis of intracellular vitamin B analogs in methanogenic archaea.

Methanogenic archaea (methanogens) are microorganisms that can synthesize methane. They are found in diverse environments ranging from paddy fields to animal digestive tracts to deep-sea hydrothermal vents. Investigating their distribution and physiological activity is crucial for the detailed analysis of the dynamics of greenhouse gas generation and the search for the environmental limits of life.

Characterization of single nucleotide polymorphisms for a forward genetics approach using genetic crosses in C57BL/6 and BALB/c substrains of mice.

Forward genetics is a powerful approach based on chromosomal mapping of phenotypes and has successfully led to the discovery of many mouse mutations in genes responsible for various phenotypes. Although crossing between genetically remote strains can produce F and backcross mice for chromosomal mapping, the phenotypes are often affected by background effects from the partner strains in genetic crosses. Genetic crosses between substrains might be useful in genetic mapping to avoid genetic background effects.

Expression GWAS of Identifies STOP1-Dependent and STOP1-Independent Regulation of in Aluminum Stress Signaling in .

To elucidate the unknown regulatory mechanisms involved in aluminum (Al)-induced expression of (), which is one of the downstream genes of SENSITIVE TO PROTON RHIZOTOXICITY 1 (STOP1) regulating Al-tolerance genes, we conducted a genome-wide association analysis of gene expression levels (eGWAS) of in the shoots under Al stress using 83 accessions. The eGWAS, conducted through a mixed linear model, revealed 17 suggestive SNPs across the genome having the association with the expression level variation in . The GWAS-detected SNPs were directly located inside transcription factors and other genes involved in stress signaling, which were expressed in response to Al.

In silico-labeled ghost cytometry.

Characterization and isolation of a large population of cells are indispensable procedures in biological sciences. Flow cytometry is one of the standards that offers a method to characterize and isolate cells at high throughput. When performing flow cytometry, cells are molecularly stained with fluorescent labels to adopt biomolecular specificity which is essential for characterizing cells.

sp. nov., an acid-tolerant actinobacterium isolated from bio-fertilizer of species.

A novel acid-tolerant actinobacterium (strain LPG 2), which formed fragmented substrate mycelia, was isolated from bio-fertiliser of spp. collected from Lampang Province, Thailand. Its morphological and chemotaxonomic properties, e.

The Livebirth Rate Per Fertilization Cycle Is Higher Than The Cumulative Live Birth Rates of Intrauterine Insemination for Patients of Poseidon Group 3 With Unexplained Infertility.

Background: No studies have been done to examine the efficacy of IVF and intrauterine insemination (IUI) for the treatment of young patients with unexplained infertility and low ovarian reserve, although it is becoming an increasingly significant indication for fertilization (IVF). The goal of this research was to compare the efficacy of IVF with IUI on Poseidon group 3 patients with unexplained infertility (PG3&UI).

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of PG3&UI patients who had IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) or IUI at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University between January 1, 2015, and March 31, 2021.

Early reactivation of clustered genes on the inactive X chromosome during somatic cell reprogramming.

Reprogramming of murine female somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is accompanied by X chromosome reactivation (XCR), by which the inactive X chromosome (Xi) in female somatic cells becomes reactivated. However, how Xi initiates reactivation during reprogramming remains poorly defined. Here, we used a Sendai virus-based reprogramming system to generate partially reprogrammed iPSCs that appear to be undergoing the initial phase of XCR.

sp. nov., isolated from spent mushroom substrates.

In Japan, during a screening of lactic acid bacteria in spent mushroom substrates, an unknown bacterium was isolated and could not be assigned to any known species. Strain YK48G is Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, non-motile, non-spore-forming and catalase-negative. The isolate grew in 0-4 % (w/v) NaCl, at 15-37 °C (optimum, 30 °C) and at pH 4.

sp. nov., an equol non-producing bacterium isolated from human faeces.

Two obligately anaerobic, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped bacteria were isolated from faecal samples of healthy humans in Japan. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that these two strains (8CFCBH1 and 9CBH6) belonged to the genus , which is known as an equol-producing bacterium. The closest neighbours of strain 8CFCBH1 were subsp.

Fine-scale genetic diversity and putative ecotypes of oxymonad protists coinhabiting the hindgut of Reticulitermes speratus.

The hindgut of lower termites is generally coinhabited by multiple morphologically identifiable protist species. However, it is unclear how many protist species truly coexist in this miniaturized environment, and moreover, it is difficult to define the fundamental unit of protist diversity. Species delineation of termite gut protists has therefore been guided without a theory-based concept of species.