403 results match your criteria: "BioClinicum Center; V. I. Kulakov Center of Obstetrics[Affiliation]"

Bacterial meningitis is a major cause of death and disability in children worldwide. Two human restricted respiratory pathogens, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae, are the major causative agents of bacterial meningitis, attributing to 200,000 deaths annually. These pathogens are often part of the nasopharyngeal microflora of healthy carriers.

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The brain-gut axis, inflammatory bowel disease and bioelectronic medicine.

Int Immunol

June 2021

Department of Medicine, Center for Bioelectronic Medicine, Bioclinicum, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden.

The hallmark of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is chronic intestinal inflammation with typical onset in adolescents and young adults. An abundance of neutrophils is seen in the inflammatory lesions, but adaptive immunity is also an important player in the chronicity of the disease. There is an unmet need for new treatment options since modern medicines such as biological therapy with anti-cytokine antibodies still leave a substantial number of patients with persisting disease activity.

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CSF sTREM2 is elevated in a subset in GRN-related frontotemporal dementia.

Neurobiol Aging

July 2021

Alzheimer Center Rotterdam and Dept. of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address:

Excessive microglial activation might be a central pathological process in GRN-related frontotemporal dementia (FTD-GRN). We measured soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2), which is shed from disease-associated microglia following cleavage of TREM2, in cerebrospinal fluid of 34 presymptomatic and 35 symptomatic GRN mutation carriers, 6 presymptomatic and 32 symptomatic C9orf72 mutation carriers and 67 healthy noncarriers by ELISA. Although no group differences in sTREM2 levels were observed (GRN: symptomatic (median 5.

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Differential early subcortical involvement in genetic FTD within the GENFI cohort.

Neuroimage Clin

July 2021

Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address:

Background: Studies have previously shown evidence for presymptomatic cortical atrophy in genetic FTD. Whilst initial investigations have also identified early deep grey matter volume loss, little is known about the extent of subcortical involvement, particularly within subregions, and how this differs between genetic groups.

Methods: 480 mutation carriers from the Genetic FTD Initiative (GENFI) were included (198 GRN, 202 C9orf72, 80 MAPT), together with 298 non-carrier cognitively normal controls.

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Plasma Neurofilament Light for Prediction of Disease Progression in Familial Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration.

Neurology

May 2021

From the University of California, San Francisco (J.C.R., P.W., A.M.S., Y.C., A.W., S.-Y.M.G., P.A.L., H.W.H., J.C.F., J.B.T., A.M.K., L.L.M., J.K., J.H.K., B.L.M., H.J.S., A.L.B.); UK Dementia Research Centre (C.H., D.M.C., R.S.C., M.B., M.F., C.V.G., G.P., L.R., I.S., E.T., J.D.R.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London; Quanterix Corp (E.V., L.S., A.J., D.H.), Lexington; Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research Inc (L.Y., A. Khinikar, R.S.), Cambridge, MA; Novartis Pharma AG (A. Kieloch, M.-A.V.), Basel, Switzerland; Bluefield Project to Cure Frontotemporal Dementia (L.L.M., R.P.), San Francisco, CA; Mayo Clinic (K.K., D.S.K., B.F.B.), Rochester, MN; Mayo Clinic (N.G.-R., L.P., R.R.), Jacksonville, FL; University of Pennsylvania (D.J.I., M.G.), Philadelphia; University of California, Los Angeles (E.M.R., G.C., M.F.M., Y.B.); Harvard University/Massachusetts General Hospital (B.D.C.), Boston, MA; Washington University (N.G.), St. Louis, MO; Columbia University (E.D.H.), New York, NY; University of British Columbia (I.R.M., G.-Y.R.H.), Vancouver, Canada; Case Western Reserve University (B.S.A.), Cleveland, OH; University of Washington (K.D.-R.), Seattle; Laboratory of Neuroimaging (A.W.T.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Northwestern University (S.W.), Chicago, IL; University of North Carolina (D.I.K.), Chapel Hill; Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas (D.K.); University of California, San Diego (I.L.); Johns Hopkins Hospital (C.U.O., A.P.), Baltimore, MD; University of Alabama at Birmingham (E.D.R.); University of Toronto (M.C.T., M.M.), Ontario, Canada; Indiana University School of Medicine (T.F.), Indianapolis; Biogen Inc (W.C., J.C., D.L.G.), Cambridge, MA; Erasmus Medical Centre (J.C.v.S.), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; University of Brescia (B.B.), Italy; University of Barcelona (R.S.-V.); Donostia University Hospital (F.M.), San Sebastian, Gipuzkoa, Spain; Clinique Interdisciplinaire de Mémoire (R.L.), Département des Sciences Neurologiques, CHU de Québec; Faculté de Médecine (R.L.), Université Laval, Quebec, Canada; Center for Alzheimer Research (C.G.), Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Bioclinicum, Karolinska Institutet; Unit for Hereditary Dementias (C.G.), Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden; University of Tübingen (M.S.); Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S.), Tübingen, Germany; Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico (D.G.); University of Milan (D.G.), Centro Dino Ferrari, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Cambridge University Hospital (J.B.R.), University of Cambridge, UK; University of Western Ontario (E.F.), London, Canada; KU Leuven (R.V.), Belgium; Neurology Service (R.V.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; University of Lisbon (A.d.M.), Portugal; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (F.T.), Milan, Italy; University of Coimbra (I.S.), Portugal; McGill University (S.D.), Montreal, Québec, Canada; University of Oxford (C.R.B.); Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre (A.G.), University of Manchester, UK; University of Duisburg-Essen (A.G.), Duisberg; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (J.L., A.D.); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (J.L.), Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy); University of Ulm (M.O.), Germany; and Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (S.S.), University of Florence, and IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy.

Objective: We tested the hypothesis that plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) identifies asymptomatic carriers of familial frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD)-causing mutations at risk of disease progression.

Methods: Baseline plasma NfL concentrations were measured with single-molecule array in original (n = 277) and validation (n = 297) cohorts. , , and mutation carriers and noncarriers from the same families were classified by disease severity (asymptomatic, prodromal, and full phenotype) using the CDR Dementia Staging Instrument plus behavior and language domains from the National Alzheimer's Disease Coordinating Center FTLD module (CDR+NACC-FTLD).

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Antibiotics are commonly prescribed in primary care for acute respiratory tract complaints (aRTCs), often inappropriately. Social marketing interventions could improve prescribing in such settings. We evaluate the impact of a social marketing intervention on general practitioners' (GPs') antibiotic prescribing for aRTCs in Malta.

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Checkpoint inhibitors are slowly being introduced in the care of specific sarcoma subtypes such as undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, alveolar soft part sarcoma, and angiosarcoma even though formal indication is lacking. Proper biomarkers to unravel potential immune reactivity in the tumor microenvironment are therefore expected to be highly warranted. In this study, intratumoral spatial cross presentation was investigated as a novel concept where immune cell composition in the tumor microenvironment was suggested to act as a proxy for immune surveillance.

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Cerebrospinal Fluid Inflammatory Markers in Alzheimer's Disease: Influence of Comorbidities.

Curr Alzheimer Res

October 2021

Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences & Society, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Alzheimer Research, BioClinicum J9:20, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Visionsgatan 4, SE-171 64 Solna, Sweden.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) develops into dementia after several years, and subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are used as intermediary diagnoses of increasing severity. Inflammation is an important part of AD pathology and provides potential novel biomarkers and treatment targets.

Objective: To identify novel potential biomarkers of AD in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and create a molecular pattern of inflammatory factors providing differentiation between AD and SCI.

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Aims: Despite extensive efforts to find new treatments, chemotherapy is still one of the first and foremost choices for cancer treatment. The main problems of using these drugs are the resistance of cancer cells and reducing their sensitivity to chemotherapy as well as the side effects of their systemic administration. Because STAT3 plays a very important role in the survival and susceptibility of cancer cells to apoptosis, we hypothesized that suppression of STAT3 expression could induce greater susceptibility to DOX-induced cancer cell death.

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The androgen receptor (AR) plays a pivotal role in prostatic carcinogenesis, and it also affects the transition from hormone sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC) to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Particularly, the persistent activation of the androgen receptor and the appearance of androgen receptor splicing variant 7 (AR-V7), could partly explain the failure of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). In the present study, we reported that huaier extract, derived from officinal fungi, has potent antiproliferative effects in both HSPC and CRPC cells.

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The importance of the tumor microenvironment in cancer progression has been well studied for many years. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are regarded as potential strategies in enhancing the immune responses in patients with cancer, particularly colorectal cancer (CRC). Notably, CRCs are extraordinarily heterogeneous and mostly are microsatellite-stable (MSS) or cold tumors, which means that the immune response is not usually as strong as that of foreign cells.

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VEGFR2 inhibition hampers breast cancer cell proliferation enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis.

Cancer Biol Med

February 2021

Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine-Solna, Clinical Pharmacology Group, Karolinska University Hospital-Solna, Stockholm 17176, Sweden.

Objective: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), apart from its predominant roles in angiogenesis, can enhance cancer cell proliferation, but its mechanisms remain elusive. The purpose of the present study was therefore to identify how VEGF regulates cancer cell proliferation.

Methods: VEGF effects on cancer cell proliferation were investigated with the VEGF receptor 2 inhibitor, Ki8751, and the breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, using flow cytometry, mass spectrometry, immunoblotting, and confocal microscopy.

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Transplantation of Human Neural Precursor Cells Reverses Syrinx Growth in a Rat Model of Post-Traumatic Syringomyelia.

Neurotherapeutics

April 2021

Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Posttraumatic syringomyelia (PTS) is a serious condition of progressive expansion of spinal cord cysts, affecting patients with spinal cord injury years after injury. To evaluate neural cell therapy to prevent cyst expansion and potentially replace lost neurons, we developed a rat model of PTS. We combined contusive trauma with subarachnoid injections of blood, causing tethering of the spinal cord to the surrounding vertebrae, resulting in chronically expanding cysts.

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Hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC) has a very poor prognosis. Local surgery may increase survival, but is often avoided due to significant post-op co-morbidities. Since prognostic markers are lacking, the aim was to find predictive biomarkers that identify patients whose response to oncological treatment is poor and who may benefit from primary surgery to increase survival.

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IgA1-specific serine protease exhibits novel cleavage activity against IgG3.

Virulence

December 2021

Department of Microbiology, Tumor, and Cell Biology, BioClinicum, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

(meningococcus) is a common bacterial colonizer of the human nasopharynx but can occasionally cause very severe systemic infections with rapid onset. Meningococci are able to degrade IgA encountered during colonization of mucosal membranes using their IgA1-specific serine protease. During systemic infection, specific IgG can induce complement-mediated lysis of the bacterium.

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Integral Analysis of the RNA Binding Protein-associated Prognostic Model for Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Int J Med Sci

September 2021

Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250012, PR China.

RNA binding protein (RBPs) dysregulation has been reported in various malignant tumors and plays a pivotal role in tumor carcinogenesis and progression. However, the underlying mechanisms in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are still unknown. In the present study, we performed a bioinformatics analysis using data from TCGA database to explore the expression and prognostic value of RBPs.

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PGC1α and VDAC1 expression in endometrial cancer.

Mol Clin Oncol

February 2021

Department of Oncology-Pathology, BioClinicum, Karolinska Institute, Solna 171 64, Sweden.

Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the ten most common gynecological cancers. As in most cancers, EC tumour progression involves alterations in cellular metabolism and can be associated with, for instance, altered levels of glycolytic enzymes. Mitochondrial functions and proteins are known to serve key roles in tumour metabolism and progression.

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Progression of Behavioral Disturbances and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Patients With Genetic Frontotemporal Dementia.

JAMA Netw Open

January 2021

Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.

Importance: Behavioral disturbances are core features of frontotemporal dementia (FTD); however, symptom progression across the course of disease is not well characterized in genetic FTD.

Objective: To investigate behavioral symptom frequency and severity and their evolution and progression in different forms of genetic FTD.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This longitudinal cohort study, the international Genetic FTD Initiative (GENFI), was conducted from January 30, 2012, to May 31, 2019, at 23 multicenter specialist tertiary FTD research clinics in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Spain, Portugal, Italy, Germany, Sweden, Finland, and Canada.

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Actionable and incidental neuroradiological findings in twins with neurodevelopmental disorders.

Sci Rep

December 2020

Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Division of Neuropsychiatry, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Gävlegatan 22B, 113 30, Stockholm, Sweden.

While previous research has investigated neuroradiological findings in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the entire range of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) has not yet been well-studied using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Considering the overlap among NDDs and simultaneous development of the brain and face, guided by molecular signaling, we examined the relationship of actionable and incidental (non-actionable) MRI findings and NDD diagnoses together with facial morphological variants and genetic copy number variants (CNVs). A cross-sectional study was conducted with a twin cohort 8-36 years of age (57% monozygotic, 40% dizygotic), including 372 subjects (46% with NDDs; 47% female) imaged by MRI, 280 with data for facial morphological variants, and 183 for CNVs.

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We studied DNA methylation profiles in four different cell populations from a unique constellation of monozygotic triplets in whom two had developed Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL). We detected shared differences in DNA methylation signatures when comparing the two HL-affected triplets with the non-affected triplet. The differences were observed in naïve B-cells and marginal zone-like B-cells.

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Introduction: Apathy adversely affects prognosis and survival of patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD). We test whether apathy develops in presymptomatic genetic FTD, and is associated with cognitive decline and brain atrophy.

Methods: Presymptomatic carriers of MAPT, GRN or C9orf72 mutations (N = 304), and relatives without mutations (N = 296) underwent clinical assessments and MRI at baseline, and annually for 2 years.

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The rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, poses a huge demand for immediate diagnosis. Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) of nasopharyngeal (NP) and oropharyngeal (OP) swabs have been used to confirm the clinical diagnosis. To avoid the risk of viral-exposure of laboratory workers, thermal inactivation is currently recommended but has unknown effects on the accuracy of the rRT-PCR results.

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Recent findings have shown that the connectivity and crosstalk between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) at mitochondria-ER contact sites (MERCS) are altered in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in AD-related models. MERCS have been related to the initial steps of autophagosome formation as well as regulation of mitochondrial function. Here, the interplay between MERCS, mitochondria ultrastructure and function and autophagy were evaluated in different AD animal models with increased levels of Aβ as well as in primary neurons derived from these animals.

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Identification and functional characterization of new missense SNPs in the coding region of the TP53 gene.

Cell Death Differ

May 2021

Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université Paris Descartes, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.

Infrequent and rare genetic variants in the human population vastly outnumber common ones. Although they may contribute significantly to the genetic basis of a disease, these seldom-encountered variants may also be miss-identified as pathogenic if no correct references are available. Somatic and germline TP53 variants are associated with multiple neoplastic diseases, and thus have come to serve as a paradigm for genetic analyses in this setting.

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