Properties and composition of the spent electrolyte for premium circulation mediated by Al-air batteries.

Al-air batteries can serve as a bridge for high-quality cyclic utilization of aluminum resources. However, limited insights into the spent electrolyte are challenging to accurately adjust the recovery process to obtain premium Al-containing products. Herein, the properties and composition of the spent electrolyte were explored through experiments and theoretical calculations.

Photocatalytic Charge-Transfer Complex Enables Hydroarylation of Alkenes for Heterocycle Synthesis.

Here, we report a photocatalytic charge-transfer complex (CTC) strategy for one electron reduction of alkenes using thiolate as a catalytic electron donor. This catalytic CTC system could engage hydroarylation of both activated and unactivated alkenes for the synthesis of various heterocycles. The reactions do not require any photocatalysts or acids and are easy to perform.

Visible-Light-Induced Photoreduction of Carborane Phosphonium Salts: Efficient Synthesis of Carborane-Oxindole-Pharmaceutical Hybrids.

Visible-light-induced photoreaction of carboranes is an effective approach to prepare carborane-containing compounds. While several methods involving boron-centered carboranyl radicals have been established, those for carbon-centered carboranyl radicals are underdeveloped, except for the UV-light-promoted photohomolysis. Herein, we describe a simple but effective approach to access carbon-centered carboranyl radicals by photoreduction of carborane phosphonium salts under blue light irradiation without using transition metals and photocatalysts.

An enhanced fractal self-pumping dressing with continuous drainage for accelerated burn wound healing.

Massive exudates oversecreted from burn wounds always delay the healing process, accompanied by undesired adhesion, continuous inflammation, and high infection risk. Conventional dressings with limited draining ability cannot effectively remove the excessive exudates but constrain them in the wetted dressings immersing the wound bed. Herein, we fabricate an enhanced fractal self-pumping dressing by floating and accumulating hollow glass microspheres in the hydrogel precursor, that can continuously drain water at a non-declining high speed and effectively promote burn wound healing.

Enhanced visible light assisted peroxymonosulfate process by biochar in-situ enriched with γ-FeO for p-chlorophenol degradation: performance, mechanism and DFT calculation.

In this study, a novel γ-FeO/biochar (BF) composite by a plant in-situ enrichment and one-step pyrolysis strategy was prepared, which was applied as a photocatalyst to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for the degradation of p-chlorophenol (4-CP) under visible light irradiation (BF/PMS/Vis) system. The characterization results exhibited that γ-FeO with localized carbon doping was evenly embedded in biochar during the pyrolysis. BF exhibited better photoresponse properties than biochar (BC) and γ-FeO.

Capillary-Bridge Controlled Patterning of BTR:PC BM Bulk Heterojunction Micro Arrays towards High-Performance Photodetector.

The patterning strategy of organic semiconductors is a crucial issue for integrated circuit. However, due to the uncontrollable liquid dewetting, most of the research is mainly focused on the patterning of single component, few works have been done on the patterning of multi-component or heterojunction, which play an important role in optoelectronic devices. Therefore, a capillary-bridge strategy was introduced for patterning of bulk heterojunction (BHJ) micro-arrays, with liquid crystalline BTR and PC BM utilized as donor and acceptor, respectively.

Corrosion Behavior and Bio-Functions of the Ultrafine-Grained Ti6Al4V-5Cu Alloy with a Dual-Phase Honeycomb Shell Structure in Simulated Body Fluid.

Titanium alloys are widely used in biomedical applications. However, cases of implant failure due to fatigue fracture and bacterial infection are common. In addition, implants are susceptible to metal ions (Al, V) released by long-term exposure to human body fluids, which causes neuropathy, mental disorders, and other diseases.

Learning from the Brain: Bioinspired Nanofluidics.

The human brain completes intelligent behaviors such as the generation, transmission, and storage of neural signals by regulating the ionic conductivity of ion channels in neuron cells, which provides new inspiration for the development of ion-based brain-like intelligence. Against the backdrop of the gradual maturity of neuroscience, computer science, and micronano materials science, bioinspired nanofluidic iontronics, as an emerging interdisciplinary subject that focuses on the regulation of ionic conductivity of nanofluidic systems to realize brain-like functionalities, has attracted the attention of many researchers. This Perspective provides brief background information and the state-of-the-art progress of nanofluidic intelligent systems.

Neutron-Absorption Properties of B/Cu Composites.

Copper has high electrical and thermal conductivity, which is frequently employed in structural and functional materials. In this research, powder metallurgy was used to incorporate boron nanosheets into metal matrix composites to create boron dispersion-enhanced copper matrix composites. The neutron-absorption characteristics of composite materials were investigated, as well as the link between neutron-absorption cross-section and neutron energy.

Effect of Al-5Ti-0.25C-0.25B and Al-5Ti-1B Master Alloys on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-9.5Si-1.5Cu-0.8Mn-0.6Mg Alloy.

The goal of this research was to determine how the master alloys Al-5Ti-0.25C-0.25B and Al-5Ti-1B affected the mechanical properties and structural characteristics of the alloy Al-9.

Microbial density-dependent viral dynamics and low activity of temperate phages in the activated sludge process.

The ecological behavior of bacteriophages (phages), the most abundant biological entity in wastewater treatment systems, is poorly understood, especially that of temperate phages. Here, the temporal dynamics of lytic and temperate phages in a laboratory-scale activated sludge reactor with a sludge bulking issue was investigated using coupled sludge metagenomic and viromic analyses. The lysogenic fragments (prophages) identified were widely distributed in the reconstructed metagenome-assembled genomes (61.

Recent advances in bio-inspired ionic liquid-based interfacial materials from preparation to application.

Natural creatures always display unique and charming functions, such as the adhesion of mussels and the lubrication of Nepenthes, to maintain their life activities. Bio-inspired interfacial materials infused with liquid, especially for ionic liquids (ILs), have been designed and prepared to meet the emerging and rising needs of human beings. In this review, we first summarize the recent development of bio-inspired IL-based interfacial materials (BILIMs), ranging from the synthesis strategy to the design principle.

Water Spider-Inspired Nanofiber Coating with Sustainable Scale Repellency via Air-Replenishing Strategy.

To survive underwater even in severely hypoxic water for a long period, the water spider has to periodically collect and replenish air into the diving bell. Inspired by this natural air-replenishing strategy, a water spider-inspired nanofiber (WSN) coating with underwater superaerophilicity displaying excellent and sustainable scalephobic capability is prepared. Air film on the WSN coating can be well-kept and further employed as the barrier layer for scale repellence.

Photoinduced N-Heterocyclic Nitrenium-Catalyzed Single Electron Reduction of Acyl Fluorides for Phenanthridine Synthesis.

Acyl fluorides are versatile reagents in organic synthesis. However, there is no precedent to employ acyl fluorides as acyl radical precursors. We herein report an N-heterocyclic nitrenium iodide salt-catalyzed photoreduction of acyl fluorides to produce acyl radicals, which could react with 2-isocyanobiaryls to afford various carbonyl phenanthridines.

Visible-Light-Induced N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed Single Electron Reduction of Mono-Fluoroarenes.

Fluoroarenes are abundant and readily available feedstocks. However, due to the high reduction potentials of mono-fluoroarenes, their photoreduction remains a continuing challenge, motivating the development of efficient activation modes to address this issue. This report presents the blue light-induced N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed single electron reduction of mono-fluoroarenes for biaryl cross-couplings.

Plant Community Associates with Rare Rather than Abundant Fungal Taxa in Alpine Grassland Soils.

The importance of the rare microbial biosphere in maintaining biodiversity and ecological functions has been highlighted recently. However, the current understanding of the spatial distribution of rare microbial taxa is still limited, with only a few investigations for rare prokaryotes and virtually none for rare fungi. Here, we investigated the spatial patterns of rare and abundant fungal taxa in alpine grassland soils across 2,000 km of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau.

A simple method for the preparation of CeOwith high antioxidant activity and wide application range.

Cerium oxide (CeO) is a well-known antioxidant with the ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species due to its unique electronic structure and chemical properties. Although many methods to enhance the antioxidant activity of CeOhave been reported, its antioxidant activity is still not high enough, and some enhancement effects are limited by the material concentration. There are also some CeOobtained with high antioxidant activity at high concentrations, which is not conducive to the application of biomedicine.

An Extreme-Environment-Resistant Self-Healing Anti-Icing Coating.

Anti-icing coatings on outdoor infrastructures and transportations inevitably suffer from surface injuries, especially in extreme weather events (e.g., freezing weather or acid rain).

Self-Pumping Janus Hydrogel with Aligned Channels for Accelerating Diabetic Wound Healing.

Excessive exudate secreted from diabetic wounds often results in skin overhydration, severe infections, and secondary damage upon dressing changes. However, conventional wound dressings are difficult to synchronously realize the non-maceration of wound sites and rapid exudate transport due to their random porous structure. Herein, a self-pumping Janus hydrogel with aligned channels (JHA) composed of hydrophilic poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogel layer and hydrophobic polyurethane (PU)/graphene oxide (GO)/polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) layer is designed to rapidly export exudate and accelerate diabetic wound healing.

Photoinduced halogen-bonding enabled synthesis of oxindoles and isoindolinones from aryl iodides.

We report the use of halogen bonding (XB) for the generation of aryl radicals from aryl halides under blue light irradiation and applied it in radical generation/1,5-hydrogen-atom transfer/radical cyclization cascade reactions for the synthesis of oxindoles and isoindolinones. On the basis of experimental studies, we propose that DBU can serve as a suitable XB acceptor with aryl halides for the formation of a photoactive electron donor and acceptor complex.

Quantifying the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of medical waste generation during the outbreak of public health emergencies.

Unlabelled: Based on the medical waste quantity and patient data during the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China, this study used scenario analysis to quantitatively analyze the temporal and spatial evolution of medical waste generation during the pandemics. First, the results show that the estimated medical waste per capita reached 15.4 kg/day if only patients were considered in Scenario 1, while the figures were reduced to 3.

Using bioelectrohydrogenesis left-over residues as a future potential fertilizer for soil amendment.

In this current research, the left-over residues collected from the dark fermentation-microbial electrolysis cells (DF-MEC) integrated system solely biocatalyzed by activated sludge during the bioconversion of the agricultural straw wastes into hydrogen energy, was investigated for its feasibility to be used as a potential alternative biofertilizer to the commonly costly inorganic ones. The results revealed that the electrohydrogenesis left-over residues enriched various plant growth-promoting microbial communities including Enterobacter (8.57%), Paenibacillus (1.

A review of electrochemical oxidation technology for advanced treatment of medical wastewater.

Antibiotics widely exist in medical wastewater, which seriously endanger human health. With the spread of the COVID-19 and monkeypox around the world, a large number of antibiotics have been abused and discharged. How to realize the green and efficient treatment of medical wastewater has become a hot research topic.