Gallstone Disease: Common Questions and Answers.

In the United States, 10% to 15% of adults are affected by gallstones, and cholesterol gallstones are the most prevalent subtype. Risk factors for developing gallstone disease include female sex; older age; certain medications; and having type 2 diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity, rapid weight loss, or hemolytic anemia. Nearly 80% of gallstones are found incidentally and remain asymptomatic.

Pneumo-peritoneum, pneumo-retroperitoneum and subcutaneous emphysema following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with sphincterotomy-an uncommon complication case report.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is invasive for pancreaticobiliary diseases. Perforation is a rare but severe complication among its associated risks. A 45-year-old female with biliary colic and multiple gallbladder calculi was diagnosed with choledocholithiasis based on imaging showing CBD dilation and gallstones.

Exogenous Glucagon-like Peptide 2 Counteracts Exogenous Cholecystokinin-induced Gallbladder Contraction in Healthy Men.

Background And Objective: Studies in humans and mice have demonstrated that the gut hormone glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) promotes gallbladder relaxation and refilling. Here, we assessed the effect of exogenous GLP-2 on gallbladder motility in the fasted state of healthy men with and without infusion of the potent gallbladder-contracting hormone cholecystokinin (CCK).

Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, 15 male participants (mean [SD]: age 24.

Avoidance of bile duct injury in laparoscopic cholecystectomy with feasible intraoperative resources: A cohort study.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is one of the most commonly performed surgeries and is considered the standard treatment for cholelithiasis. However, it is associated with a risk of bile duct or hepatic artery injuries. This study evaluated the safety of LCs and the conversion rate (CR) by achieving a critical view of safety (CVS) and identification of Rouviere's sulcus (RS).

Unraveling factors associated with textbook outcome after cholecystectomy in patients with uncomplicated cholecystolithiasis: A posthoc analysis of individual data of 1,124 patients.

Background: A textbook outcome for the management of uncomplicated cholecystolithiasis is the targeted clinical scenario and is characterized by no recurrent biliary colic, absence of surgical and biliary complications, and absence or relief of abdominal pain. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of textbook outcomes after cholecystectomy and identify associated baseline factors.

Methods: Patients from 2 Dutch multicenter prospective trials between 2014 and 2019 (SECURE and SUCCESS trial) were included.

Feasibility of middle colic artery as a landmark for superior mesenteric artery - first approach in laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy: a prospective study.

Background: SMA-first approach in pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) has been widely applied in open surgery as well as laparoscopy. Finding the superior mesenteric artery (SMA), inferior pancreatoduodenal artery (IPDA), first jejunal artery (J1A) has become a great challenge in laparoscopic PD (LPD). Meanwhile, exposing the midde colic artery (MCA) might be a feasible approach to determine SMA, IPDA, and J1A.

Post-cholecystectomy Clip Migration: A Case Report.

Surgical clip migration into the common bile duct (CBD) with subsequent stone formation is an exceedingly rare complication following both laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy, with fewer than 100 cases reported in the literature. Herein, we present the case of a 78-year-old female who presented with abdominal pain and dark urine six years after an open cholecystectomy. Her abdominal ultrasonography revealed no abnormalities, with only mild derangements noted in liver function tests.

Gallbladder remnant: A potential source for biliary stones postcholecystectomy; a case report in a child with sickle cell disease.

Stone formation in a gallbladder remnant is a rare postcholecystectomy complication. This report describes the case of gallstones in a gallbladder remnant of an adolescent with sickle cell disease (SCD) years after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A 15-year-old female with SCD presented to our gastroenterology clinic with concerns of recurrent choledocholithiasis despite cholecystectomy 2 years before presentation.

Mesocolic hernia, a case series.

Introduction And Importance: Paraduodenal hernias are difficult to diagnose due to their unusual presentation. Herein, five new cases are added to the literature.

Case Presentation: Four male and one female child complained of paraduodenal hernias, two on the right side and three on the left side.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed by a surgical care practitioner: a review of outcomes.

Introduction: Surgical care practitioners (SCPs) are non-medical workers involved in various aspects of the management of surgical patients. The role includes assisting and performing surgical procedures. More than 60,000 laparoscopic cholecystectomies (LC) are performed annually in the UK.

Surgical management of a proximal splenic artery aneurysm: A case report.

Introduction And Importance: Splenic artery aneurysms (SAA's) pose a rare yet clinically significant challenge, characterized by the weakening and ballooning of the splenic artery, potentially leading to severe complications such as rupture and hemorrhage.

Case Presentation: A 52-year-old female presenting with biliary colic. Diagnostic imaging revealed a saccular lesion closely associated with gallstones.

Case and Management Considerations of Low-Grade Cystic Duct Stump Dysplasia after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.

Cholecystectomies have become one of the more commonly practiced procedures. As a result, there has been a rise in neoplastic changes in excised specimens. Due to this, surgeons must be prepared to manage possible malignancy after resecting what was previously thought to be a benign gallbladder.

Symptomatic gallstone disease: Recurrence patterns and risk factors for relapse after first admission, the RELAPSTONE study.

Background: Delayed cholecystectomy in patients with symptomatic gallstone disease is associated with recurrence. Limited data on the recurrence patterns and the factors that determine them are available.

Objective: We aimed to determine the pattern of relapse in each symptomatic gallstone disease (acute pancreatitis, cholecystitis, cholangitis, symptomatic choledocholithiasis, and biliary colic) and determine the associated factors.

An update on the current and emerging pharmacotherapy for the treatment of human ascariasis.

Introduction: Globally, Ascaris lumbricoides is the commonest helminthic infection that affects people in underdeveloped countries and returning immigrants in industrialized nations. This article aims to provide latest updates on the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and pharmacotherapy of ascariasis.

Areas Covered: A PubMed search was conducted using Clinical Queries and the key terms 'human ascariasis' OR 'Ascaris lumbricoides.

A surgical case report of an epiploic hernia - A mobile right colon herniating through the foramen of Winslow.

Introduction: An Epiploic Hernia is an extremely rare type of abdominal hernia with <0.1 % incidence where the bowel or other intra-abdominal contents herniate through the Foramen of Winslow. A case of an Epiploic hernia in a middle-aged female is presented here.

Gallbladder Agenesis: Must General Surgeons Have It on Their Diagnostic Algorithm?

Gallbladder agenesis is a rare congenital malformation that can present itself with comparable symptoms as any case of cholelithiasis. We present a case of a 76-year-old male patient without any medical background of significance who presented at the ER complaining of sudden abdominal pain that started two hours prior to his arrival. Laboratory tests were ordered and an increase in total bilirubin was noted, showing a cholestatic pattern.

The role of bacteria in gallstone formation.

Gallstones are a prevalent biliary system disorder that is particularly common in women. They can lead to various complications, such as biliary colic, infection, cholecystitis, and even gallbladder cancer. However, the etiology of gallstones remains incompletely understood.

A rare case report: Gallbladder-associated ectopic liver tissue: Challenges, insights, and surgical considerations.

Introduction And Importance: Ectopic liver tissue (ELT), a rare anomaly distinct from accessory liver, challenges conventional embryonic morphogenesis. Unlike the latter, ELT lacks a connection to the main liver, showcasing an unusual growth of normal liver tissue beyond its customary location. This peculiarity poses clinical and radiological challenges for surgeons throughout their careers, particularly during laparoscopic or open procedures.

Robotic Single-Site Cholecystectomy: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Objective Our goal is to describe and report the outcomes of patients undergoing robotic single-site cholecystectomy at a single institution. Background Cholecystectomy is a common procedure performed to remove the gallbladder. Robotic single-site cholecystectomy (RSSC) is rapidly emerging as a safe and feasible alternative to conventional 4-port laparoscopic techniques.

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Pregnancy: A Seven-Year Retrospective Study From an Australian Tertiary Center.

Background Cholecystectomy is the second most common non-obstetric indication for surgery during pregnancy; however, there is little recent literature specifically exploring perioperative care approaches, and a paucity of Australian data exists. This study investigates the incidence of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) during pregnancy, peri-operative management, and post-operative outcomes in a single Australian tertiary center. Methods A retrospective analysis of LCs performed on pregnant patients between the ages of 16 and 50 years at a tertiary hospital between 2016 and 2023 was completed.

Rupture of a Huge Pancreatic Pseudocyst in a Superobese Patient: A Condition Mimicking Pulmonary Embolism.

Pancreatic pseudocysts are fluid-filled collections that can arise from acute or chronic pancreatitis and may lead to a range of complications, like rupture, infection, hemorrhage, etc. Morbid obesity may further complicate the diagnosis and management of such cases. The present report describes the case of a 26-year-old superobese female (BMI: 58 kg/m²) with a pancreatic pseudocyst that presented diagnostic challenges and mimicked pulmonary embolism when the pseudocyst had ruptured.