Decision support guided fluid challenges and stroke volume response during high-risk surgery: a post hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

Intravenous fluid is administered during high-risk surgery to optimize stroke volume (SV). To assess ongoing need for fluids, the hemodynamic response to a fluid bolus is evaluated using a fluid challenge technique. The Acumen Assisted Fluid Management (AFM) system is a decision support tool designed to ease the application of fluid challenges and thus improve fluid administration during high-risk surgery.

Deep Learning and Multidisciplinary Imaging in Pediatric Surgical Oncology: A Scoping Review.

Background: Medical images play an important role in diagnosis and treatment of pediatric solid tumors. The field of radiology, pathology, and other image-based diagnostics are getting increasingly important and advanced. This indicates a need for advanced image processing technology such as Deep Learning (DL).

Comprehensive exploration of unexplained dyspnoea in subjects with normal ejection fraction and low natriuretic peptides.

Background: Unexplained exertional dyspnoea without significant elevation of natriuretic peptides is common. One of the causes might be early heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).

Aims: This study aimed to characterize patients with exertional dyspnoea and normal/near-to-normal N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels with regard to early stages of HFpEF and non-cardiac causes.

Efficacy and safety of the PHIL embolic agent in the treatment of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas: results of the PHIL-dAVF study.

Background And Purpose: Embolization is the first-line treatment for dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVF). The precipitating hydrophobic injectable liquid (PHIL) embolic agent is a non-adhesive copolymer with specific features and endovascular behavior. This study assessed its safety and efficacy in a prospective real-life cohort.

High-Dose Cyproterone Acetate and Intracranial Meningioma: Impact of the Risk Minimisation Measures Implemented in France in 2018-2019.

Purpose: To measure the impact of national regulatory actions implemented in France in August 2018 and June 2019 to reduce the risk of meningioma associated with the use of cyproterone acetate (CPA).

Methods: Using the French National Healthcare database, we calculated the monthly number of CPA users among cisgender women, men and transgender women in 2010-2021, the monthly proportion of users with cerebral imaging screening, and the annual rate of meningioma surgery associated with CPA use. CPA discontinuations and switches were analysed.

Comparison of the lethal triad and the lethal diamond in severe trauma patients: a multicenter cohort.

Background: To reduce the number of deaths caused by exsanguination, the initial management of severe trauma aims to prevent, if not limit, the lethal triad, which consists of acidosis, coagulopathy, and hypothermia. Recently, several studies have suggested adding hypocalcemia to the lethal triad to form the lethal diamond, but the evidence supporting this change is limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the lethal triad and lethal diamond for their respective associations with 24-h mortality in severe trauma patients receiving transfusion.

Role of the HGF/c-MET pathway in resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Most of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients will experience tumor progression with immunotherapy (IO). Preliminary data suggested an association between high plasma HGF levels and poor response to IO in advanced NSCLC. Our study aimed to evaluate further the role of the HGF/MET pathway in resistance to IO in advanced NSCLC.

E4F1 coordinates pyruvate metabolism and the activity of the elongator complex to ensure translation fidelity during brain development.

Pyruvate metabolism defects lead to severe neuropathies such as the Leigh syndrome (LS) but the molecular mechanisms underlying neuronal cell death remain poorly understood. Here, we unravel a connection between pyruvate metabolism and the regulation of the epitranscriptome that plays an essential role during brain development. Using genetically engineered mouse model and primary neuronal cells, we identify the transcription factor E4F1 as a key coordinator of AcetylCoenzyme A (AcCoA) production by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) and its utilization as an essential co-factor by the Elongator complex to acetylate tRNAs at the wobble position uridine 34 (U).

Craniosynostosis as a cause of intracranial hypertension in Alagille syndrome: a case series of 6 consecutive pediatric patients.

Objective: Craniosynostoses are an underrecognized cause of intracranial hypertension (ICH), especially when associated with congenital syndromes. Alagille syndrome (ALGS) is a multisystem disorder with typical facial features and hepatobiliary, cardiac, vascular, skeletal, and ocular manifestations. The occurrence of craniosynostosis in ALGS is rare and can be associated with chronic ICH, requiring craniofacial surgery to increase the intracranial volume.

Long-Term Clinical and Biological Prognostic Factors of Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis in Children.

Background And Objectives: Anti-NMDAR encephalitis (NMDARE) is a severe neurologic condition, and recently, the NMDAR Encephalitis One-Year Functional Status (NEOS) score has emerged as a 1-year prognostic tool. This study aimed to evaluate NEOS score and biomarker (neurofilament light chains [NfL], total-Tau protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and serum cytokines) correlation with modified Rankin Scale (mRS), cognitive impairment, and clinical recovery in pediatric NMDARE over 2 years.

Methods: In this French multicenter observational study, 104 pediatric patients with NMDARE were followed for a minimum of 2 years.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors-associated vasculitis: a heterogeneous condition with possible severe disease course.

Objective: To describe presentation, treatment and outcome of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) associated-vasculitis in cancer patients in a multicentre study.

Methods: Thanks to the ImmunoCancer International Registry (ICIR), a multidisciplinary network focused on the research of the immune related adverse events related to cancer immunotherapies, patients presenting with a clinical and/or radiological suspicion of vasculitis, and histological evidence of vasculitis after being exposed to ICIs were retrospectively identified.

Results: Twenty eight cases were identified in the ICIR registry.

Anti Phospholipase A2 Receptor 1 Antibodies and Membranous Nephropathy Recurrence After Kidney Transplantation.

Introduction: Membranous nephropathy can lead to end-stage kidney disease, for which kidney transplantation is the preferred therapy. However, the disease often relapses, which can impact allograft survival.

Methods: We conducted a prospective multicenter study in France involving 72 patients with membranous nephropathy who were awaiting and then underwent kidney transplantation.

What can we learn from machine learning studies on flow diverter aneurysm embolization? A systematic review.

Background: As the use of flow diverters has expanded in recent years, predicting successful outcomes has become more challenging for certain aneurysms.

Objective: To provide neurointerventionalists with an understanding of the available machine learning algorithms for predicting the success of flow diverters in occluding aneurysms.

Methods: This study followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, and the four major medical databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science) were screened.

Recommendations for Transitioning Young People with Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders and Autoinflammatory Diseases to Adult Care.

Purpose: Significant improvements in the prognosis for young patients with Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases (PID) and Autoinflammatory Disorders (AID), which together make up the majority of Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEI), have resulted in the need for optimisation of transition and transfer of care to adult services. Effective transition is crucial to improve health outcomes and treatment compliance among patients. Evaluations of existing transition programmes in European health centres identified the absence of disease-specific transition guidelines for PID and AID, as a challenge to the transition process.

Donor-Specific Antibodies Targeting a Repeated Eplet Mismatch and Outcome After Kidney Retransplantation.

Kidney retransplantations are associated with an increased risk of rejection and reduced graft survival compared to first transplantations, notably due to HLA sensitization. The impact of repeated eplet mismatches on retransplantation outcome has not been investigated. We retrospectively assessed the risk of antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) and graft loss associated with preformed DSA targeting Repeated Eplet MisMatches (DREMM) in sensitized patients undergoing kidney retransplantation.

Central nervous system complications of immune checkpoint inhibitors: A comprehensive review.

The ever-increasing use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has significantly improved cancer management, but at the cost of frequent immunologic side effects. Among them, neurologic immune-related adverse events (nirAEs) are less common but pose a challenge to clinicians due to their severity, heterogeneous nature and nonspecific clinical presentation, making diagnosis complex. The prognosis of these nirAEs, especially those related to the central nervous system (CNS), correlates with their rapid recognition and therapeutic management.

Responders to biologics in severe uncontrolled chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: a multicentric observational real-life study.

Background: Clinical trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of biologics in treating chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). However, real-world evidence regarding patient outcomes and predictors of clinical response remains limited.

Methodology: In this multicentric 18-month follow-up study, 326 adult patients who initiated biologic therapy for severe uncontrolled CRSwNP were included.

Current Surgical Approach to Pulmonary Metastasectomy.

The lung is a common site of metastases for children and adolescents with a wide variety of solid tumors. The role for pulmonary metastasectomy is dictated by tumor histology and can serve either therapeutic or diagnostic purposes. Careful surgical planning is required to determine the optimal surgical approach and to ensure successful nodule localization.

BCG Medac® for the treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder tumors: adverse events and predictive factors for tolerance.

Introduction: Adjuvant treatment with endovesical BCG instillations after resection of a bladder urothelial tumor remains the gold standard for intermediate- or high-risk non-muscle-invasive tumors. However, it is associated with frequent and sometimes serious adverse events (AEs).

Objectives: To comprehensively assess the frequency, intensity, and potential risk factors of BCG instillation AEs following the field experience of a single French center using only the Medac® BCG.

Bayesian brain theory: Computational neuroscience of belief.

Bayesian brain theory, a computational framework grounded in the principles of Predictive Processing (PP), proposes a mechanistic account of how beliefs are formed and updated. This theory assumes that the brain encodes a generative model of its environment, made up of probabilistic beliefs organized in networks, from which it generates predictions about future sensory inputs. The difference between predictions and sensory signals produces prediction errors, which are used to update belief networks.