A Practitioner's Toolkit for Insulin Motivation in Adults with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Evidence-Based Recommendations from an International Expert Panel.

Aim: To develop an evidence-based expert group opinion on the role of insulin motivation to overcome insulin distress during different stages of insulin therapy and to propose a practitioner's toolkit for insulin motivation in the management of diabetes mellitus (DM).

Background: Insulin distress, an emotional response of the patient to the suggested use of insulin, acts as a major barrier to insulin therapy in the management of DM. Addressing patient-, physician- and drug-related factors is important to overcome insulin distress.

Mutational analysis of thalassemia in transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia patients from central India.

Background: Thalassemia and hemoglobin (Hb) disorders are the most common genetic disorders among humans. These disorders entail huge morbidity, economic, and psychological burden on the families of the affected. Genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis are the steps, which helps to reduce this burden.

Gastric tuberculosis presenting as non healing ulcer: A case report.

Tuberculosis is a major health problem in India. Gastrointestinal tuberculosis is the sixth most common causes of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and it mostly involves the ileocaecal region. Primary gastric tuberculosis in immunocompetent person is very rare.

Mapping 123 million neonatal, infant and child deaths between 2000 and 2017.

Since 2000, many countries have achieved considerable success in improving child survival, but localized progress remains unclear. To inform efforts towards United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3.2-to end preventable child deaths by 2030-we need consistently estimated data at the subnational level regarding child mortality rates and trends.

Guidelines for Antibiotic Prescription in Intensive Care Unit.

Khilnani GC, Zirpe K, Hadda V, Mehta Y, Madan K, Kulkarni A, Mohan A, Dixit S, Guleria R, Bhattacharya P. Guidelines for Antibiotic Prescription in Intensive Care Unit. Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2019;23 (Suppl 1):1-63.

A clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of non-urothelial bladder tumours.

Background: Non-urothelial bladder tumors (NUBTs) are uncommon accounting for approximately 10% of the total urinary bladder tumors while 90% are urothelial in origin. There are very limited comprehensive studies on NUBTs.

Aims And Objectives: The objectives of the study were to analyze the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of NUBTs.

Secondary crest myofibroblast PDGFRα controls the elastogenesis pathway via a secondary tier of signaling networks during alveologenesis.

Postnatal alveolar formation is the most important and the least understood phase of lung development. Alveolar pathologies are prominent in neonatal and adult lung diseases. The mechanisms of alveologenesis remain largely unknown.

Sero-Occurrence of HBV/HCV Co-infection and Levels of Liver Enzymes among Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India: a Pilot Study.

Introduction: Hepatitis B and C viral infections share common modes of transmission and account for a large proportion of liver disease burden across the globe. Patients with Hepatitis B (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection may have more severe liver disease and are potentially at higher risk for developing hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim of this study was to assess the sero-occurrence of HBV/HCV co-infection by examining the medical records of tertiary care hospital patients in Central India and determine the extent of liver damage based on liver function tests (LFTs).

Emergence of antibiotic resistance in intensive care unit; a critical review.

The emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in the healthcare is a serious concern. In the Healthcare premises precisely intensive care unit are major sources of microbial diversity. Recent findings have demonstrated not only microbial diversity but also drug resistant microbes largely habitat in ICU.

Mental Health Issues in Madhya Pradesh: Insights from National Mental Health Survey of India 2016.

Background: About 14% of the global mental health burden is contributed by India. However, there exists a disparity in mental health patterns, utilization, and prioritization among various Indian states. The state of Madhya Pradesh is a low performer among Indian states, ranking lower than the national average on the Human Development Index, Hunger Index, and Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

Biomarkers in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers: Indian Consensus Guidelines for Molecular Testing.

Novel molecular targets and promising targeted therapies have reshaped diagnostics in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite this progress, the implementation of molecular screening to identify predictive biomarkers in Indian clinical and pathology settings has been challenging due to operational and logistical constraints. This consensus guideline brings together medical oncologists, molecular pathologists and pathologists from India to provide a quick and competent reference for biomarker testing in NSCLC.

Reappraisal of morphological and immunohistochemical spectrum of intracranial and spinal solitary fibrous tumors/hemangiopericytomas with impact on long-term follow-up.

Background: Hemangiopericytomas (HPCs) and solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are unique entities in the central nervous system (CNS) and even rarer in the spine with propensity to recurrence and metastasis. Both these tumors were detected to share the NAB2-STAT6 fusion gene with frequent morphologic overlap that necessitated the need for the combined term SFT/HPC in the CNS by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2016.

Aims: This study aims to describe the clinical outcome of intracranial and spinal SFT/HPCs based on detailed histomorphologic and immunohistochemical features.

Circulatory YKL-40 & NLR: Underestimated Prognostic Indicators in Diffuse Glioma.

In addition to histopathological parameters, evaluation of associated hematological factors is essential for devising a sensitive prognostic scale in glioma. Increased neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a marker of systemic inflammatory response, has recently been associated with worse outcome in various cancers. Given that glioma progression is characterized by inflammation, aggressive angiogenesis, and invasion, increased levels of systemic human-chitinase-3-like-one protein (YKL-40) have also been linked to poor prognosis.

Trends in incidence of Ewing sarcoma of bone in India - Evidence from the National Cancer Registry Programme (1982-2011).

Background: Ewing sarcoma is a malignant tumour found mainly in childhood and adolescence. The present study aims at analyzing the data on Ewing sarcoma cases of bone from the National Cancer Registry Programme, India to provide incidence, patterns, and trends in the Indian population.

Materials And Methods: The data of five Population Based Cancer Registries (PBCR) of Bangalore, Mumbai, Chennai, Bhopal and Delhi over 30 years period (1982- 2011) were used to calculate the Age Specific and Age Standardized Incidence Rates (ASpR and ASIR), and trends in incidence was analyzed by linear and Joinpoint Regression.

Contemporary use of ultrasonic versus standard electrosurgical dissection in laparoscopic nephrectomy: Safety, efficacy and cost.

Objective: To assess the safety, efficacy and cost-effectiveness of ultrasonic dissection (USD) compared with standard monopolar electrosurgery (ES) in laparoscopic nephrectomy (LN).

Patients And Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients' records who underwent elective LN was performed. Patients were divided in to two groups: USD and ES groups depending on the energy source used during LN.

Patterns of epidermal growth factor receptor testing across 111 tertiary care centers in India: Result of a questionnaire-based survey.

Background: We conducted a survey of 111 medical oncologists across India to understand the current pattern of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation testing at their respective centers.

Methods: Medical oncologists from 111 institutes across India were interviewed face to face using a structured questionnaire. They were divided into two groups - Group 1 with in-house EGFR testing and Group 2 who send samples to central/commercial laboratories outside their institutions.

Comparative Study of Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography and Computed Tomography in the Evaluation of Post-treatment Carcinoma Cervix Patients.

Purpose Of Study: To evaluate and compare imaging findings using computed tomography (CT) alone and positron emission tomography/CT (PET/CT) fusion imaging in posttreatment carcinoma cervix patients for recurrence.

Subjects And Methods: From June 2014 to May 2016, 50 posttreatment carcinoma cervix patients were referred to our institution for PET/CT imaging. In all 50 of these patients referred for evaluation, a reliable reference standard was available.

Host-targeted therapy for tuberculosis: Time to revisit the concept.

Tuberculosis (TB) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Every year millions of people die due to TB. Drug resistance has been a major factor that has obstructed successful control and treatment of TB.

Assessment of change in knowledge about research methods among delegates attending research methodology workshop.

Aim: In an era of evidence based medicine research is an essential part of medical profession whether clinical or academic. A research methodology workshop intends to help participants, those who are newer to research field or those who are already doing empirical research. The present study was conducted to assess the changes in knowledge of the participants of a research methodology workshop through a structured questionnaire.

Practical consensus recommendations on ovarian suppression in early breast cancer (adjuvant).

Substantial survival benefits exist for patients with early-stage breast cancer who undergo treatment with single-modality ovarian suppression, but its value is uncertain. Expert oncologist discussed to determine whether additional benefits exist with ovarian suppression plus multiple adjuvant therapy which provides a new treatment option that reduces the risk of recurrence in early breast cancer. This expert group used data from published literature, practical experience and opinion of a large group of academic oncologists to arrive at this practical consensus recommendations for the benefit of community oncologists.