Development and Preliminary Characterization of Polyester-Urethane Microparticles Used in Curcumin Drug Delivery System for Oropharyngeal Cancer.

: Curcumin (Cc) as an active substance is known for its anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, antioxidant, and anti-carcinogenic effects, together with its role in cholesterol regulation, and its use in different gastrointestinal derangements. On the other hand, curcumin can be used for its properties as an inactive substance, with Cc particles being more often tested in pharmaceutical formulations for drug delivery, with promising safety records and kinetics. The aim of this research was to obtain and characterize polyurethane microparticles that can be used as a carrier with a controlled Cc release.

Factors Contributing to Anastomotic Leakage Following Colorectal Surgery: Why, When, and Who Leaks?

Anastomotic leakage is a common yet one of the most feared complications following colorectal surgery. Dehiscence of the anastomosis can result in fatal complications such as peritonitis, abscess formation, and sepsis, thereby increasing morbidity and mortality, cost and length of hospital stay. Multiple factors contribute to the development of anastomotic dehiscence.

The Impact of COVID-19 on the Behaviors and Attitudes of Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background and objective Over the past few decades, new infectious diseases have emerged, and these have played a key role in changing behavior and lifestyle in all age groups. More recently, with the emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, governments around the world have made unprecedented efforts to contain the epidemic by implementing quarantine measures, social distancing, and isolating infected individuals. Social behavioral adaptations (e.

Retroperitoneal Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma With Compression Features in a 48-Year-Old Male: A Case Report.

Spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma (SC-RMS) is an unprecedented version of embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas (RMSs) that emerges from the mesenchyme with the capacity to differentiate into skeletal muscle cells. Retroperitoneal RMS is extremely rare in the adult population. We present the case of a primary spindle cell retroperitoneal RMS with compression features.

Current Limitations and Recent Advances in the Management of Asthma.

Background: Asthma is a significant worldwide health issue affecting kids and adults. Asthma management is mainly straightforward, but considering the associated co-morbidities, it is essential to diagnose the disease accurately. Steroid resistance and dependence, along with inhaler abuse, are the other challenges in clinical practice.

Dermlep Study Part 3: Post-RFT Events in Leprosy Patients Presenting to Dermatologists.

Introduction: Presently the leprosy program has no defined surveillance protocols for patients who complete the fixed duration multidrug therapy and are released from treatment (RFT). Hence, the information about the post-RFT events in these patients is sparse and qualitative and quantitative data regarding their health care requirements is missing. During the survey carried out by the Indian Association of Dermatologists,Venereologists and Leprologists (IADVL), a number of patients presented to dermatologists during the post RFT period for a variety of symptoms.

Sickle Cell Disease and Its Respiratory Complications.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hematological disorder that is inherited in an autosomal recessive (AR) fashion. It is caused by mutations in the genes encoding for the globin apoprotein of hemoglobin (Hb), leading to diminished oxygen-carrying ability. Its pathophysiologic mechanism affects multiple organ systems, making it crucial to understand the complications of SCD and find the best ways to prevent and treat them.

Kawasaki Disease and Coronary Artery Involvement: A Narrative Review.

Kawasaki disease is a systemic vasculitis with a risk of developing coronary artery lesions if left untreated. Kawasaki disease can be diagnosed clinically with classical symptoms (conjunctivitis, rash, lymphadenopathy, mucositis, edema of hands and feet), but predicting the risk of developing coronary artery aneurysm remains challenging. The coronary sequelae of Kawasaki disease have significant morbidity and mortality and are the second most common cause of acquired cardiac disease in children.

Colorectal Carcinoma, Cyclooxygenases, and COX Inhibitors.

Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the most common of gastrointestinal cancers, the majority presenting with sporadic occurrence compared to the less frequently inherited syndromes. The increasing incidence, decreasing gender and age disparities, and the prevalent risk factors are concerning. The malignancy arising from benign precursor polyps transforms slowly over time.

Transarterial Chemoembolization and Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Narrative Review.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive tumor, and even with the breakthrough in preventive strategies, and new diagnostic and treatment modalities, incidence and fatality rates continue to climb. Patients with HCC are most commonly diagnosed in the later stage, where the disease has already advanced, making it impossible to undertake potentially curative surgery. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a locoregional therapy regarded as a first-line treatment in patients with intermediate-stage HCC (Barcelona clinical liver cancer {BCLC}-B).

Chronic Pain-Induced Depression: A Review of Prevalence and Management.

Chronic pain is ongoing pain that has persisted beyond standard tissue healing time along with comorbidities such as depression. This article discusses studies that have shown the prevalence of chronic pain and chronic pain-induced depression and explained methods of prevention for these conditions. The molecular mechanisms such as monoamine neurotransmitters, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, inflammatory factors, and glutamate that are similar in chronic pain and depression have also been discussed.

Tuberculosis and Cardiovascular Complications: An Overview.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a dominant cause of mortality from a single infectious disease agent. It is a global health issue that has been tagged as a public health emergency for decades. The disease process, which is caused by (MTB), affects the respiratory system as well as many other organ systems in the body, such as the lymphatic system, central nervous system (CNS), gastrointestinal system, and cardiovascular system (CVS).

Colon Cancer and Obesity: A Narrative Review.

Obesity has played a crucial role in the pathogenesis of various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Obesity has shown to increase the blood levels of insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), leptin, resistin, inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) which in turn acts via various signaling pathways to induce colonic cell proliferation and in turn CRC development. It has been shown that estrogen can prevent and cause CRC based on which receptor it acts.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the trends in corneal donor mortality data from Eye Bank records in India.

Purpose: To describe the causes and trends of corneal donor mortality from eye bank data in India during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods: This retrospective eye bank-based study included 13,529 donors who donated their cornea between January 2018 and December 2021. Donors in whom the cause of mortality was documented were included as cases.

The Role and Implications of Epicardial Fat in Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease.

The current minireview aims to assess the implications of epicardial fat secretory function in the development of coronary artery disease. The epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a visceral fat depot that has been described as a cardiovascular risk factor. In addition to its mechanical protection role and physiological secretory function, it seems that various secretion products of the epicardial fat are responsible for metabolic disturbances at the level of the cardiac muscle when in association with pre-existing pathological conditions, such as metabolic syndrome.

Hypothyroidism and Depression: A Narrative Review.

There has been an established relationship between hypothyroidism and depression. Studies have demonstrated that somatostatin and serotonin influence the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis, which links hypothyroidism to depression. Multiple studies concluded that undiagnosed, untreated, undertreated patients with hypothyroidism are at increased risk of developing depression.

A Rare Cause of Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Aorto-Enteric Fistula.

Aorto-enteric fistula is defined as an abnormal connection between the gastrointestinal system and the aorta. The patients who develop this condition usually have a grim prognosis and the cases are universally fatal unless intervened with an endovascular repair or open surgical repair. Given the rarity and the relative unfamiliarity of this condition, an understanding of the presentation, pathogenesis, and management is vital to prevent catastrophic complications.

Smoking and Pancreatic Cancer: Smoking Patterns, Tobacco Type, and Dose-Response Relationship.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the primary cause of cancer death in the United States and Europe. Despite remarkable advances in the molecular understanding of PC and advances in new therapeutic approaches, PC remains a disease with a poor prognosis. Although evidence indicates that long-term smoking is a major cause of PC, the molecular pathways behind smoking-induced PC pathogenesis are not fully understood.

Epithelioid angiosarcoma of the masseter muscle: a rare clinicopathological diagnosis.

Epithelioid angiosarcoma (EA) is a subtype of angiosarcoma which is a rare tumor of endothelial origin. Here, we report a case of 15-year-old boy who presented with soft tissue mass lesion in the parotid region mimicking as a benign parotid tumor. Cytology was suggestive of inflammatory swelling.

CT Colonography and Colorectal Carcinoma: Current Trends and Emerging Developments.

Colorectal carcinoma is the third most malignant and second leading cause of death from cancer. The cruelty of this entity is that it takes decades to be symptomatic and is known to be detected late in its timeline by a screening technique. The fatality of this carcinoma only means heightened importance of screening guidelines to be laid down and strict follow-ups by the healthcare providers.

Alzheimer's Disease and Stroke: A Tangled Neurological Conundrum.

A neurodegenerative disorder, Alzheimer's disease (AD), is characterized by dementia in which there is an age-related decline in cognition and higher functions. Stroke is a cerebrovascular disorder that frequently presents in old age and is a known risk factor for AD development. However, the association that AD can be a risk factor for stroke is not well-studied.

Intraluminal Endometriosis: A Rare Entity.

The case presents an incidental finding of a rare variety of endometrioses in both the fallopian tubes termed intraluminal endometriosis in a 52-year-old female.

Congenital Anomalies in Infant With Congenital Hypothyroidism: A Review of Pathogenesis, Diagnostic Options, and Management Protocols.

Thyroid hormones (TH) regulate growth, nervous system myelination, metabolism, and physiologic functions in nearly every organ system. Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is one of the most common endocrinopathies in children and has potentially devastating neurologic and developmental consequences. The etiology and clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism in children differ from adults.

Depression and Vitamin D: A Peculiar Relationship.

Depression is a psychiatric disorder characterized by various symptoms that can impact one's quality of life. Vitamin D, a fat-soluble vitamin, is well-known for its role in bone health, and research on its effects on mental health has only recently emerged. Vitamin D deficiency is widespread worldwide, and it has been linked to an increased risk of depression.

Knowledge, Attitude and Health Practice towards Cardiovascular disease in Health care providers: A Systematic Review.

The prevalence of cardiovascular disorders among healthcare providers have been increasing in the past few years and research conducted in this aspect have identified various risk factors that affect cardiovascular health: like shift work, high stress, anxiety, work environment, obesity, high basal metabolic index, and others. PRISMA guidelines were followed and data search was conducted on PubMed, PMC, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar wherein the identification and screening led to 31 selected studies on identification of knowledge, perception and attitude of the healthcare providers regarding their cardiovascular disorders. Results reveal that knowledge level even although high in healthcare providers regarding their cardiovascular health, the attitude or perception differs among them.