2,453 results match your criteria: "Bharathiar University[Affiliation]"

Cellular and chromosomal interaction of bio-synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles - Induced nano-cytotoxicity and genotoxicity.

Toxicol In Vitro

December 2024

Nanodrug Co-Delivery Systems Laboratory, Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address:

The widespread use of nanoparticles raises substantial environmental, health, and safety issues. The specific mechanisms by which they impact plants and animals, as well as the entire scope of their possible impact, are still unknown. The current work investigates the impact of varying CuO NPs concentrations on phytotoxicity, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and antioxidant activity.

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Magnesium-ion batteries have the potential to replace commercially available Li-ion batteries in the future due to their lower cost and sustainability. On the other hand, magnesium ions are dendrite-free and offer greater energy density and volumetric capacity due to their divalent nature. Conventional electrode materials face challenges in capturing magnesium ions.

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Nano-bio-encapsulation of phyto-vaccines: a breakthrough in targeted cancer immunotherapy.

Mol Biol Rep

December 2024

Department of Cariology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600 077, India.

Nano bio-encapsulation of phyto-vaccines for cancer has marked a cutting-edge strategy that brings together nanotechnology with plant-derived vaccines to enhance cancer therapy. Phyto-vaccines, isolated from bioactive compounds found in plants called protein bodies, have been shown to potentially stimulate the immune system to recognise and destroy cancer cells. However, challenges such as poor stability, rapid degradation, and limited bioavailability in the body have hindered their clinical application.

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Microbial Bacterioruberin: A Comprehensive Review.

Indian J Microbiol

December 2024

Plant Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India.

Bacterioruberin (BR) is a fat-soluble, dipolar, reddish pigment predominantly found in halophilic archaea. BR is a rare C50 carotenoid from the xanthophyll family, and it has been extensively studied for its potent antioxidant properties, such as its ability to protect cells from oxidative stress. In addition, several studies have shown that BR-rich extracts and its derivatives exhibit significant antiviral, antidiabetic, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory effects, making them ideal candidates for the development of novel therapeutic interventions against various diseases.

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Article Synopsis
  • Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) derived from Walnut Shell biomass have been studied as effective fluorescent sensors for detecting Acebrophylline (AB), a medication for respiratory diseases.
  • The CQDs exhibit high selectivity and sensitivity towards AB, with a detection limit of 0.142 nM and strong performance in human urine samples, achieving recovery rates between 81 to 123%.
  • The study also analyzed structural changes in CQDs after sensing AB and explored the effects of various factors on detection, emphasizing the method's eco-friendly and cost-effective potential for healthcare applications.
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Tissue factor (TF) and protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) have been associated with the progression of cancer, while integrins are essential for the adhesion and migration of cancer cells. This study aimed to explore the cross-talk between the TF:FVIIa complex, PAR2 signaling, and the expression of integrin α1 in cervical cancer cells. Utilizing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the research examined the relationship between the TF and PAR2 genes and the integrin α1 gene (ITGA1) in reproductive cancers, revealing a positive correlation between integrin α1 expression and both TF and PAR2 genes.

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Chemotherapeutic potential of radotinib against blood and solid tumors: A beacon of hope in drug repurposing.

Bioorg Chem

December 2024

Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India. Electronic address:

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) represent a pivotal class of targeted therapies in oncology, with multiple generations developed to address diverse molecular targets. Imatinib is the first TKI developed to target the BCR-ABL1 chimeric protein, which is the key driver oncogene implicated in Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Several second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (2GTKIs), such as nilotinib, dasatinib, bosutinib, and radotinib (RTB), followed the groundbreaking introduction of imatinib.

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Gynecological tumors are highly aggressive cancers in women, often treated with conventional treatments that can cause significant side effects. This study focuses on the preparation of chitosan nanoparticles from Nyctanthes arbor-tristis leaves, which possess anti-tumor properties, to address and overcome these issues. The successfully synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-spectroscopy, DLS, TEM, and FTIR spectroscopy to analyze their physiochemical properties.

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Leveraging deep transfer learning and explainable AI for accurate COVID-19 diagnosis: Insights from a multi-national chest CT scan study.

Comput Biol Med

December 2024

Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

The COVID-19 pandemic has emerged as a global health crisis, impacting millions worldwide. Although chest computed tomography (CT) scan images are pivotal in diagnosing COVID-19, their manual interpretation by radiologists is time-consuming and potentially subjective. Automated computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) frameworks offer efficient and objective solutions.

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The hydrogen shift reactions of peroxy radicals derived from the ȮH-initiated oxidation of three atmospherically important monoterpenes, limonene, α-pinene, and β-pinene, have been studied. The Bell-Evans-Polanyi relationship (BEPR), Marcus cross relationship (MCR), and Robert-Steel relationship (RSR) are employed to study the factors that contribute to the kinetics of the H-shift reactions. Our results show distinct kinetic behaviors based on the size of the transition-state ring, the functional group present at the H atom abstraction site, and the type of carbon-centered radical formed.

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Effects of particle size and aging on heavy metal adsorption by polypropylene and polystyrene microplastics under varying environmental conditions.

Chemosphere

December 2024

Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Professor Aroon Sorathesn Center of Excellence in Environmental Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • Microplastics (MPs) are a significant environmental concern due to their ability to absorb heavy metals like lead (Pb) and copper (Cu), which can harm aquatic life and human health.
  • This study examines how the size and aging of MP types (polystyrene and polypropylene) affect their capacity to adsorb these heavy metals, finding that smaller and older MPs are more effective adsorbents.
  • Various environmental factors, such as pH and temperature, influence the adsorption processes, with electrostatic interactions and surface characteristics playing key roles in the binding of heavy metal ions to the microplastics.
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Fluoride (F) is a major groundwater contaminant spread across the world. In excess concentrations, F can be detrimental to living beings. F exposure is linked to cellular redox dyshomeostasis, leading to oxidative stress-mediated pathologies including heart dysfunction.

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The lysosomal cysteine peptidase Cathepsin B is identified as a pivotal contributor to cancer development. In the pursuit of discovering less toxic inhibitors for Cathepsin B, various organic compounds have undergone thorough investigation and are being studied at the moment in clinical studies for cancer treatment. Notably, curcumin and resveratrol emerge as prominent candidates.

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Article Synopsis
  • The text discusses the synthesis and characterization of three new fluorescence probes derived from fluorenone azine, focusing on their structural properties and the methods used for their analysis.
  • These probes exhibit unique photophysical behaviors due to hydrogen bonding interactions that allow for processes like excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) and twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT).
  • The study highlights the probes' potential applications in bioimaging and viscosity detection, specifically demonstrating that probe 3a is effective for measuring intercellular viscosity in a Caenorhabditis elegans model.
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Copper oxide nanoparticles induced reactive oxygen species generation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Chem Biol Interact

January 2025

Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, India. Electronic address:

Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are widely employed in various industrial and biomedical applications owing to their enhanced physicochemical characteristics. However, concerns regarding their adverse effects on biological systems upon entering the environment remain unexplored. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the primary mechanisms in CuO NPs induced toxicity.

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A new series of acyl hydrazones have been synthesized from 4-chloro-8-nitro-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carbaldehyde. These compounds were characterized using various spectroscopic techniques. Density functional theoretical (DFT) studies were conducted to understand the correlation between electronic parameters and biological activity.

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In the current study, coal fly ash contaminated soil was collected in and around Mettur Thermal Power Station, Salem district, Tamil Nadu. The metal concentrations present in the coal fly ash soil samples were analyzed and also used for the isolation of bacteria. The isolates were screened for their multi-metal resistance against three heavy metals (Cu, Ag and Pb) and plant growth-promoting traits (siderophore, phosphate solubilization, IAA, cellulase, HCN, and ammonia production).

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As the demand for sustainable energy continues to rise, electrocatalysis has become increasingly prominent in the advancement of clean energy technologies. By scrutinizing the material to function as a multifunctional catalyst, the effectiveness of energy conversion processes is significantly enhanced. This study focuses on harnessing graphene/WS van der Waals heterostructures for overall water splitting and fuel cell applications, using transition metals (TMs) from Sc-Zn as single-atom catalysts (SACs).

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Notch1 and Notch2, transmembrane receptors belonging to the Notch family, are pivotal mediators of intercellular communication and have profound implications including cell fate determination, embryonic development, and tissue homeostasis in various cellular processes. Despite their structural homology, Notch1 and Notch2 exhibit discrete phenotypic characteristics and functional nuances that necessitate their individualized targeting in specific medical scenarios. Aberrant Notch signaling, often driven by the dysregulated activity of one receptor over the other, is implicated under various pathological conditions.

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Article Synopsis
  • Lichen, particularly Usnea baileyi, is traditionally used in indigenous medicine, and the active compound Usnic acid shows potential for treating various conditions, but its safety and mechanisms need more research.
  • The study successfully isolated Usnic acid from lichen cultures and confirmed its presence using advanced techniques like chromatography and spectroscopy.
  • Usnic acid demonstrated acute toxicity in zebrafish, while also showing antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties against skin cancer cells, indicating that further research could lead to new cancer treatments derived from natural sources.
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Article Synopsis
  • A novel disulfide linked probe called HTP was developed for the quick detection of copper (Cu) ions, using a reaction between specific chemical compounds and characterized through various spectroscopy techniques and X-ray diffraction.
  • The probe exhibits aggregation induced emission (AIE) properties, showing a color change from weak green to intense yellow when binding with Cu ions, making it sensitive to very low concentrations (0.97 nM).
  • HTP's reversible interaction with Cu ions can be reset using cysteine, which allows for practical applications in molecular logic gates and detection methods like paper strips and water testing.
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