Epidemiology and effects of sociodemographic factors on extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Ambala, India.

Background: An ambitious plan was set into motion with the aim of TB elimination from India in 2025. To achieve this, it is high time to give emphasis on other prevalent forms of TB, such as extra pulmonary TB (EPTB).

Objectives: The study aims to discern the differences in patient characteristics and management practices between pulmonary TB and EPTB using data from district Ambala.

Autoimmune Thyroid Disease in Psoriasis Patients: A Case-Control Study.

Introduction: Psoriasis is a common immunologically mediated inflammatory disease characterized by skin inflammation, epidermal hyperplasia, an increased risk of painful and destructive arthritis, cardiovascular morbidity, and psychosocial challenges. Some autoimmune diseases are mediated by stimulating or blocking auto-antibodies. Auto-antibodies may act as antagonists and bind to hormone receptors, blocking receptor function.

Investigation of the influential factors for hepatic osteodystrophy in chronic liver disease: A case-control survey among the patients attending a tertiary care hospital in a rural region of Northern India.

Objectives: Hepatic osteodystrophy (HOD) is a well-recognized complication of chronic liver diseases (CLD), but the influential factors associated with this complication were studied scarcely in a rural Indian population. The study aims to evaluate the prevalence of HOD and variables that might influence it among cases diagnosed with CLD.

Materials And Methods: It is a cross-sectional observational design survey that was performed in a hospital among the two-hundred cases and controls with a 1:1 ratio who were age (>18 years) and gender matched in a period between April and October 2021.

Thyroid Autoimmunity in Vitiligo: A Case-Control Study.

Introduction There is scanty evidence regarding the role of autoimmunity in vitiligo, especially in the Asian population. Moreover, the existing studies reported conflicting results. This prompted the investigators to identify the association of thyroid autoimmunity with vitiligo by employing a case-control design in this setting.

National Medical Commission Act, 2019 - the need for parity.

The National Medical Commission (NMC) has replaced the erstwhile Medical Council of India with the intention of bringing about positive reforms in medical education and enforcing ethical standards in the practice of medicine in India. The NMC Act of 2019, under clauses 3 and 4 of Section 30, details the procedure of grievance redressal. However, these clauses in their current form empower doctors and patients unequally.

Evaluation of Salivary Alpha-Amylase Levels for Determining Stress Variations in Patients Undergoing Spinal Anesthesia for Infra-Umbilical Surgery.

Aims And Objectives: To evaluate salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) levels for determining stress variations in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia for infra-umbilical surgery.

Materials And Methods: One hundred and twenty subjects (age 18-65 years) planned for infra-umbilical surgery under spinal anesthesia were included and allocated to Groups A and B ensuring age and sex matching. In both groups, sAA levels (S1 to S4) were assessed sequentially at different times (E1 to E4).

Knowledge, Attitude and Perception of HIV/Aids Among Antenatal Women and its Correlation with their Socio-Demographic Profile: Study from a Tertiary Care Centre of Northern India.

Purpose Of Study: To evaluate the knowledge, attitude and perception of HIV/AIDS among antenatal women and to correlate them with their socio-demographic profile.

Methods: We conducted this study on 400 pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of our hospital for the first time irrespective of their period of gestation, age and parity. All the participants were interviewed with the help of a predesigned questionnaire which included their socio-demographic details and questions to assess their knowledge and attitude toward HIV/AIDS.

Prevalence of psychological morbidities and their influential variables among nurses in a designated COVID-19 tertiary care hospital in India: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Nurses are the main part of the health workforce, performing their duties as frontline warriors against the novel coronavirus pandemic. Nurses involved in the care of infected (COVID-19) patients, may feel more discomfort physically and experience greater psychological morbidities.

Aims And Objectives: The main aim of the study is to evaluate the prevalence of anxiety and stress among nurses in a designated COVID-19 hospital and variables that influence these psychological problems.

A prospective study of a new prediction model of vaginal birth after cesarean section at a tertiary care centre.

Objective: To create a new and simple model for predicting the likelihood of vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) section using variables available at the time of admission.

Materials And Methods: A prospective observational study was performed at a tertiary care centre in Haryana over a period of 12 months (January 2018 - December 2018) in pregnant women attending the labour room with one previous cesarean section fulfilling the criteria for undergoing trial of labour after cesarean (TOLAC). The sample size was 150.

Prevalence and risk factors for neurocysticercosis in children with a first-onset seizure in rural North India.

Background: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a parasitic infection acquired by consuming food and water contaminated by the faeces of a tapeworm carrier. It is an important cause of acquired seizures and also the common identifiable cause of new-onset seizures in children.

Methods: A hospital-based prospective cross-sectional study of NCC was undertaken in a medical college in north-west India.

Chronic suppurative osteomyelitis of posterior maxilla: A rare presentation.

Thin cortical bone rich in vascularity makes the maxilla scarcely vulnerable to osteomyelitis as compared to mandible. Moreover, the introduction of newer antibiotics, understanding of pathogenesis and improved medical support lead to reduction in incidence of osteomyelitis. Local factors like continuous irritation, smoking and suppressed immune system contributes to the occurrence of suppurative osteomyelitis.

To compare the efficacy and safety of fixed dose combination of thiocolchicoside and aceclofenac versus chlorzoxazone, aceclofenac and paracetamol in patients with acute lower backache associated with muscle spasm.

Background: The fixed dose combinations (FDCs) of muscle relaxants, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and paracetamol are commonly prescribed in the treatment of acute lower backache.

Aim: The present study was undertaken with the aim of comparing the efficacy and safety of FDCs of thiocolchicoside and aceclofenac versus chlorzoxazone, aceclofenac and paracetamol in patients with acute lower backache associated with muscle spasm.

Materials And Methods: A total of 100 patients between ages range from 18 and 55 years having low back pain of ≤7 days duration were randomly divided into two groups.

Periodic paralysis: An unusual presentation of drug-induced hyperkalemia.

Hyperkalemia is a life-threatening electrolyte abnormality. The most common cause of hyperkalemia includes renal disease and ingestion of medications. Drug-induced hyperkalemia may develop in patients with underlying renal impairment, disturbed cellular uptake of potassium load, excessive ingestion or infusion of potassium-containing substances.

Extent of delay in diagnosis in new smear positive patients of pulmonary tuberculosis attending tertiary care hospital.

Background: India is the highest tuberculosis (TB) burden country accounting for one-fifth of the global incidence. It is estimated that, annually, 1.9 million cases are from India and about 0.