Discussion on the optimization of personalized medication using information systems based on pharmacogenomics: an example using colorectal cancer.

Pharmacogenomics (PGx) is a powerful tool for clinical optimization of drug efficacy and safety. However, due to many factors affecting drugs in the real world, PGx still accounts for a small proportion of actual clinical application scenarios. Therefore, based on the information software, pharmacists use their professional advantages to integrate PGx into all aspects of pharmaceutical care, which is conducive to promoting the development of personalized medicine.

Clinical significance of NLRP3 inflammasome and related cell molecules in early diabetic kidney disease in elderly population.

Background: The paper aims to investigate the expression level of NLRP3 inflammasome and its related cell molecules in early diabetes kidney disease (EDKD) in the elderly and its clinical application value.

Methods: From October 2021 to April 2023, 50 elderly patients with T2DM (T2DM group), 50 elderly patients with EDKD (EDKD group) and 50 elderly people who passed the health check-up (healthy group) were chosen as the study subjects. Plasma NLRP3 inflammasome and related cells (blood leukocyte count, monocyte count, lymphocyte count) molecular (NT-proBNP and others) levels are tested, and Pearson correlation analysis is utilized to explore the correlation among plasma NLRP3 inflammasome and related cells, molecules, and renal function indicators (UACR, BUN, Ucr) in elderly patients with EDKD.

Interleukin-23 versus Interleukin-17 Inhibitors in Preventing Incidental Psoriatic Arthritis in Patients with Psoriasis: A Real-World Comparison From the TriNetX US Collaborative Network.

Background: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a common comorbidity in patients with psoriasis (PsO) that leads to significant disease burden. Biologic therapies targeting the interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17 axis have been widely used for PsO, but their comparative effectiveness in preventing PsA remains unclear.

Objective: The study objective was to compare the occurrence of developing incidental PsA among PsO patients treated with interleukin-23 inhibitors (IL23is) or interleukin-17 inhibitors (IL17is).

Kdm2a inhibition in skeletal muscle improves metabolic flexibility in obesity.

Skeletal muscle is a critical organ in maintaining homoeostasis against metabolic stress, and histone post-translational modifications are pivotal in those processes. However, the intricate nature of histone methylation in skeletal muscle and its impact on metabolic homoeostasis have yet to be elucidated. Here, we report that mitochondria-rich slow-twitch myofibers are characterized by significantly higher levels of H3K36me2 along with repressed expression of Kdm2a, an enzyme that specifically catalyses H3K36me2 demethylation.

Targeting HNRNPA2B1 to Overcome Chemotherapy Resistance in Gastric Cancer Stem Cells: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential.

Gastric cancer (GC) remains a significant global health challenge, particularly due to the resistance of gastric cancer stem cells (GCSCs) to chemotherapy. This study investigates the role of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 (HNRNPA2B1), a member of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs), in modulating mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming and contributing to chemoresistance in GCSCs. Through extensive analysis of tumor cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and gene expression omnibus (GEO) datasets, HNRNPA2B1 was identified as a key regulator in GCSCs, correlating with poor prognosis and enhanced resistance to chemoresistance.

Clinical characteristics and the role of IL-6 in acute-on-chronic liver failure patients with or without COVID-19: a multicenter paired cohort study.

Background And Aims: The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) remains unclear. To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with ACLF complicated with COVID-19 in order to provide evidence for the precise treatment of this patient population.

Methods: A total of 34 ACLF patients with COVID-19 admitted to these three hospitals from December 2022 to August 2023 were included as the ACLF+COVID-19 group.

Enhancing Periodontal Ligament Regeneration via PDLSC Delivery Using Electrospun PCL/Collagen/Cellulose Acetate Scaffolds and Collagen Hydrogel Incorporated with Curcumin-Loaded ZIF-8 Nanoparticles.

Background: Regenerating periodontal ligament (PDL) tissue is a vital challenge in dentistry that aims to restore periodontal function and aesthetics. This study explores a tissue engineering strategy that combines polycaprolactone (PCL)/collagen/cellulose acetate electrospun scaffolds with collagen hydrogels to deliver curcumin-loaded ZIF-8 nanoparticles fand periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs).

Methods: Scaffolds were fabricated via electrospinningand collagen hydrogels incorporated PDLSCs and curcumin-loaded ZIF-8 nanoparticles (CURZIF-8) were developed using cross-linking.

Elucidating genetic intersections: Co-differentially expressed genes in myasthenia gravis and idiopathic inflammatory myopathies and their role in comorbid pathogenesis.

Background: Myasthenia gravis (MG) and idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are autoimmune disorders that can co-occur, complicating diagnosis and treatment. The molecular mechanisms underlying this comorbidity are not well understood.

Objective: This study aims to identify common differentially expressed genes (co-DEGs) between MG and IIM to elucidate shared pathogenic pathways and potential therapeutic targets.

[Clinical characteristics and prognosis of type 1 infratentorial superficial siderosis].

A total of 7 patients with type 1 infratentorial superficial siderosis(iSS-1)in Memory Clinic at Huashan Hospital, Fudan University from March 2019 to March 2023 were respectively collected to analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment, and followed up for 12 months. There were 7 patients, 2 males and 5 females, aged 56 (49-60) years. The 4 patients who underwent cognitive assessment had varying degree of cognitive impairment, with 2 patients exhibiting severe executive function impairment.

Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter components with obesity in children and adolescents in China: The age-sex disparities and key effect modifiers.

Long-term fine particulate matter (PM) exposure was associated with childhood obesity. However, the key PM components and whether PM effect may vary by obesity type, growth stage, sex, and individual/family characteristics have yet been examined. In this study, we investigated 213,907 Chinese children and adolescents aged 3-18 years in 2017-2019.

[Expert consensus on visualized tele-round and quality control management based on the improvement of clinical practice ability].

Turning to critical illness is a common stage of various diseases and injuries before death. Patients usually have complex health conditions, while the treatment process involves a wide range of content, along with high requirements for doctor's professionalism and multi-specialty teamwork, as well as a great demand for time-sensitive treatments. However, this is not matched with critical care professionals and the current state of medical care in China.

Strategies and Challenges of Cytosolic Delivery of Proteins.

The cytosolic delivery of therapeutic proteins represents a promising strategy for addressing diseases caused by protein dysfunction. Despite significant advances, efficient delivery remains challenging due to barriers such as cell membrane impermeability, endosomal sequestration, and protein instability. This review summarizes recent progress in protein delivery systems, including physical, chemical, and biological approaches, with a particular focus on strategies that enhance endosomal escape and targeting specificity.

Update on the Progress of Musashi-2 in Malignant Tumors.

Since the discovery of the Musashi (MSI) protein, its ability to affect the mitosis of Drosophila progenitor cells has garnered significant interest among scientists. In the following 20 years, it has lived up to expectations. A substantial body of evidence has demonstrated that it is closely related to the development, metastasis, migration, and drug resistance of malignant tumors.

Mitochondrial transplantation: a promising strategy for the treatment of retinal degenerative diseases.

The retina, a crucial neural tissue, is responsible for transforming light signals into visual information, a process that necessitates a significant amount of energy. Mitochondria, the primary powerhouses of the cell, play an integral role in retinal physiology by fulfilling the high-energy requirements of photoreceptors and secondary neurons through oxidative phosphorylation. In a healthy state, mitochondria ensure proper visual function by facilitating efficient conversion and transduction of visual signals.

Clinical utility of hematological parameters in aplastic anemia.

Hematological parameters available on automated hematology analyzers have been shown to be useful indicators for hematological disorders. However, extensive studies especially in aplastic anemia for these indices are sparse. Our aim was to investigate the clinical utility of hematological parameters in aplastic anemia.

Infiltrating T lymphocytes and tumor microenvironment within cholangiocarcinoma: immune heterogeneity, intercellular communication, immune checkpoints.

Cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary liver cancer, and its global incidence has increased in recent years. Radical surgical resection and systemic chemotherapy have traditionally been the standard treatment options. However, the complexity of cholangiocarcinoma subtypes often presents a challenge for early diagnosis.

First-line cadonilimab plus chemotherapy in HER2-negative advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial.

Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors plus chemotherapy have been the standard of care in the first-line treatment of advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinoma; however, the survival benefits are modest in patients with low programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Here we investigated the efficacy and safety of cadonilimab (PD-1/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) bispecific antibody) plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment in G/GEJ adenocarcinoma. The prespecified interim analysis is reported here.

Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding pulmonary rehabilitation among patients with chronic respiratory diseases: a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study in a tertiary hospital in China.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of patients with chronic respiratory diseases towards pulmonary rehabilitation.

Design: Cross-sectional, web-based questionnaire study.

Setting: Tertiary healthcare hospital in Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China.

Prenatal PM exposure affects embryonic hematopoietic development through SOX2-regulated gene expression.

Fine particulate matter (PM) is one of the most concerning air pollutants, with emerging evidence indicating that it can negatively impact embryonic development and lead to adverse birth outcomes. Hematopoiesis is a critical process essential for the survival and normal development of the embryo, consisting of three temporally overlapping stages and involving multiple hematopoietic loci, including the yolk sac and fetal liver. Therefore, we hypothesized that abnormal embryonic hematopoietic development can significantly influence developmental outcomes.

Psoriasis increases the risk of Sjögren's syndrome: evidence from a propensity score-matched cohort study and transcriptomic analysis.

Background: Despite the well-documented immune dysregulation in both psoriasis and Sjögren's syndrome (SS), the specific link between these two autoimmune diseases has not been extensively explored. The present study aims to investigate the impact of psoriasis on the risk of SS.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study using TriNetX data compared SS development in patients with psoriasis and controls using propensity score matching, Kaplan-Meier curves, and Cox models.

VPS45 Contributes to the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Triggering the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway.

Vacuolar protein sorting 45 (VPS45) has recently been implicated in the development of ovarian cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. However, its role in the onset and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the function of VPS45 in HCC.

Analysis of related factors for systemic lupus erythematosus flare after SARS-Cov-2 infection: A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: Since COVID-19 infections are more common in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, most recent research has focused on the outcome of COVID-19, with fewer studies on disease activity in SLE. This research aims to evaluate flares in SLE with COVID-19 infection while investigating predictive factors.

Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect information on patients with previously diagnosed SLE from multi-center.

Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis identifies hub genes associated with immune cell infiltration in early-onset schizophrenia.

Background: Early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) occurs between the ages of 13 and 17 years, and neurobiological factors leading to cognitive deficits and psychotic symptoms with varying degrees of positive and negative symptoms. Numerous studies have demonstrated a broad link between immune dysregulation and the central nervous system in EOS, and its pathogenesis involves immune dysfunction, but the exact biological mechanisms have not been elucidated. This study employs immune infiltration analysis and bioinformatics to unveil the pathogenic mechanisms of EOS and identify potential diagnostic biomarkers, aiming for more precise clinical interventions.