Investigating Effects of Cold Water Hand Immersion on Selective Attention in Normobaric Hypoxia.

This study investigated the effect of cold-water hand immersion on selective attention as measured by the Stroop Color Word Test in nomorbaric normoxia and hypoxia. Ten healthy men rested for 60 min, after which they immersed their non-dominant hand into 5 °C water for 15 min. The interference score of the Stroop Color Word Test and thermal sensation were measured at baseline in the final 5 min of resting and in the final 5 min of cold water hand immersion.

Cold-induced vasodilation responses before and after exercise in normobaric normoxia and hypoxia.

Purpose: Cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD) is known to protect humans against local cold injuries and improve manual dexterity. The current study examined the effects of metabolic heat production on cold-induced vasodilation responses in normobaric hypoxia and normoxia.

Methods: Ten participants immersed their non-dominant hand into 5 °C water for 15 min.

From the Titanic and other shipwrecks to biofilm prevention: The interesting role of polyphenol-protein complexes in biofilm inhibition.

Bacteria attach themselves either reversibly or irreversibly onto practically any surface in aqueous and other environments in order to reproduce, while generating extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) as a supportive structure for biofilm formation. Surfaces with a potential to prevent cellular attachment and aggregation (biofilm) would be extremely useful in environmental, biotechnological, medical and industrial applications. The scientific community is currently focusing on the design of micro- and nano-scale textured surfaces with antibacterial and/or antifouling properties (e.

Effects of heater wattage on sap flux density estimates using an improved tree-cut experiment.

We assessed the effects of heater wattage on sap flux estimates from heat dissipation sensors and generated calibrated equations for 1-year-old Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden trees. We used a total of eight trees ranging from 3 to 6 cm in diameter. Our calibration experiment was performed with a modified tree-cut approach, which allowed us to estimate gravimetric water use manually weighing 20 l buckets every 15 min while sap flux was monitored on each tree.

Fluorinated Paramagnetic Complexes: Sensitive and Responsive Probes for Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging.

Fluorine magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of chemical and physiological processes is becoming more widespread. The strength of this technique comes from the negligible background signal in F MRI and the large chemical shift window of F that enables it to image concomitantly more than one marker. These same advantages have also been successfully exploited in the design of responsive F probes.

How American Nurses Association Code of Ethics informs genetic/genomic nursing.

Members of the Ethics and Public Policy Committee of the International Society of Nurses in Genetics prepared this article to assist nurses in interpreting the American Nurses Association (2015) Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements (Code) within the context of genetics/genomics. The Code explicates the nursing profession's norms and responsibilities in managing ethical issues. The nearly ubiquitous application of genetic/genomic technologies in healthcare poses unique ethical challenges for nursing.

Marketplace Clinics Complementing Diabetes Care for Urban Residing American Indians.

Introduction: For several decades, the Minneapolis American Indian population has experienced limited health care access and threefold diabetes health disparity. As part of an urban health initiative, the marketplace clinics located in nearby CVS, Target, and Supervalu stores committed financial support, providers, certified educators, and pharmacy staff for a community-based diabetes support group.

Objectives: To measure the extent to which collaborating marketplace clinics and the community-based support group expanded diabetes care and provided self-management education for this largely urban Indian neighborhood.

Unraveling a model of TCL/RhoJ allosterism using TC10 reverse chimeras.

In addition to the classical regulation of GTPase activity by effector proteins, investigating the variations in the amino acid sequence and structures of GTPases often provides insights into regulatory mechanisms that are more GTPase-specific. TCL/RhoJ is a Rho GTPase most closely related to Cdc42 and TC10; however, its nucleotide exchange activity is distinctly influenced by N-terminal amino acids 17-20 and the more distal amino acids 121-129. In this short study, we have further explored the differences between TCL and its homolog TC10 and show that its unique mode of allosteric regulation requires broader diversification of its amino acid sequence than previously appreciated.

TCL/RhoJ Plasma Membrane Localization and Nucleotide Exchange Is Coordinately Regulated by Amino Acids within the N Terminus and a Distal Loop Region.

TCL/RhoJ is a Cdc42-related Rho GTPase with reported activities in endothelial cell biology and angiogenesis, metastatic melanoma, and corneal epithelial cells; however, less is known about how it is inherently regulated in comparison to its closest homologues TC10 and Cdc42. TCL has an N-terminal extension of 18 amino acids in comparison to Cdc42, but the function of this amino acid sequence has not been elucidated. A truncation mutant lacking the N terminus (ΔN) was found to alter TCL plasma membrane localization and nucleotide binding, and additional truncation and point mutants mapped the alterations of TCL biochemistry to amino acids 17-20.

Co-cultivation of microalgae and nitrifiers for higher biomass production and better carbon capture.

The aim of this work was to study co-cultivation of nitrifiers with microalgae as a non-intrusive technique for selective removal of oxygen generated by microalgae. Biomass concentration was, at least, 23% higher in mixed-cultures where nitrifiers kept the dissolved oxygen concentration below 9.0μLL(-1) than in control Chlorella vulgaris axenic-cultures where the concentration of dissolved oxygen was higher than 10.

It can W8: A community intervention to decrease distracted driving.

Researchers tested an intervention to decrease cell-phone use while driving on a university campus. A total of 3,827 driving observations were recorded on a campus roadway over a three-week period. The campus intervention, consisting of fear appeals, pledges, and behavioral prompts, was tested using an ABA reversal design (Baseline-Intervention-Baseline) with observed cell-phone use as the dependent measure.

Preparation of biodegradable xanthan-glycerol hydrogel, foam, film, aerogel and xerogel at room temperature.

Polymers, hence hydrogels, pollute waters and soils accelerating environmental degradation. Environmentally benign hydrogels were made in water from biodegradable xanthan (X) and glycerol (G) at 22.5±2.

This "Ethical Trap" Is for Roboticists, Not Robots: On the Issue of Artificial Agent Ethical Decision-Making.

In this paper we address the question of when a researcher is justified in describing his or her artificial agent as demonstrating ethical decision-making. The paper is motivated by the amount of research being done that attempts to imbue artificial agents with expertise in ethical decision-making. It seems clear that computing systems make decisions, in that they make choices between different options; and there is scholarship in philosophy that addresses the distinction between ethical decision-making and general decision-making.

Chemical Aspects of Nanoparticle Ecotoxicology.

Nanoecotoxicology strives to understand the processes and mechanisms by which engineered nanoparticles (ENP) may exert toxic effects on aquatic organisms. Detailed knowledge of the chemical reactions of nanoparticles in the media and of their interactions with organisms is required to understand these effects. The processes of agglomeration of nanoparticles, of dissolution and release of toxic metal ions, and of production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are considered in this article.

Unconscious biases: racial microaggressions in American Indian health care.

Purpose: This article reports on the prevalence and correlates of microaggressive experiences in health care settings reported by American Indian (AI) adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: This community-based participatory research project includes two AI reservation communities. Data were collected via in-person article-and-pencil survey interviews with 218 AI adults diagnosed with T2DM.

Better together: the "M" word.

Collaborative work between institutions of higher education is highly supported by legislators, administrators, and students. To address the need for enrollment of students, regulatory demands, and cost containment a school of nursing that spanned two institutions was undertaken by the faculty and staff at a university and technical college. This article outlines the process of alignment with faculty, students and administration which includes five stages: dreaming, developing, championing, launching, and stabilizing.

Examining university students' sneezing and coughing etiquette.

University students' cough etiquette (CE) was observed and compared with the standards of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Contrary to the CDC's recommendations, most students covered their mouth with their hands (53.3%) or did not cover at all (23.

Development of temperature correction equations for bioelectrical impedance analysis models for brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis.

The objective of this study was to establish the relationships between bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) measures (resistance and reactance) and temperature and to determine if corrections improve BIA models for brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis when used over a wide range of temperatures. Both resistance and reactance significantly decreased as temperature increased. Application of temperature corrections to BIA models attempting to predict per cent dry mass reduced root-mean-squared error by an average of 32%.

Assessment of critical thinking: a Delphi study.

Nurse educators are responsible for preparing nurses who critically analyze patient information and provide meaningful interventions in today's complex health care system. By using the Delphi research method, this study, utilized the specialized and experiential knowledge of Certified Nurse Educators. This original Delphi research study asked Certified Nurse Educators how to assess the critical-thinking ability of nursing students in the clinical setting.

Implementation of simulation to improve staff nurse education.

This project implemented a simulation curriculum during the nursing orientation process at a Midwestern, rural community hospital. Three consecutive cohorts for a total of nine new graduate nurses engaged in four simulations at the end of the first week of orientation. The Orientation and Simulation Pre/Post Confidence and Competence Survey was used to assess presimulation and postsimulation confidence and competence.

Effects of Response Cost and Socially-Assisted Interventions on Hand-Hygiene Behavior of University Students.

A field study was conducted to examine the effect of interventions to increase hand-hygiene behavior of university students. Student patrons of a university cafeteria were observed during lunch. Across several phases, researchers observed and recorded the number of students (a) entering the restroom to wash hands and (b) using a hand-sanitizer gel.

Detection of Rho GEF and GAP activity through a sensitive split luciferase assay system.

Rho GTPases regulate the assembly of cellular actin structures and are activated by GEFs (guanine-nucleotide-exchange factors) and rendered inactive by GAPs (GTPase-activating proteins). Using the Rho GTPases Cdc42, Rac1 and RhoA, and the GTPase-binding portions of the effector proteins p21-activated kinase and Rhophilin1, we have developed split luciferase assays for detecting both GEF and GAP regulation of these GTPases. The system relies on purifying split luciferase fusion proteins of the GTPases and effectors from bacteria, and our results show that the assays replicate GEF and GAP specificities at nanomolar concentrations for several previously characterized Rho family GEFs (Dbl, Vav2, Trio and Asef) and GAPs [p190, Cdc42 GAP and PTPL1-associated RhoGAP].

A sex offender therapist's story.

A therapist who works with sex offenders explains how she got involved in this work, what the treatment program entails, and the difficult homework the offenders must complete to graduate. She also describes the remodeling process offenders experience as they progress through treatment. Most of the offenders she has worked with are remorseful, have been victims themselves, work very hard in treatment, and make remarkable changes to become safe, productive members of society.

Retail point-of-sale guardianship and juvenile tobacco purchases: assessing the prevention capabilities of undergraduate college students.

This randomized experiment evaluates the attitudes and behavioral intentions of 458 undergraduate college students about intervening with the intent of preventing an illegal retail purchase of tobacco products by a minor after exposure to a factorial combination of three pieces of information. MANOVA results show that none of the treatment conditions, considered alone, are correlated with increased attitudes or behavioral intentions; however, there is a significant interaction effect on attitudes when information portraying a potentially annoying situation is combined with information about the costs associated with youth tobacco use. Post-hoc t tests suggest that this effect is concentrated among non-tobacco using respondents.