ACUTE ASCENDING MYELITIS FOLLOWING A MONKEY BITE, WITH THE ISOLATION OF A VIRUS CAPABLE OF REPRODUCING THE DISEASE.

A case of acute ascending myelitis which followed the bite of an apparently normal Macacus rhesus monkey is described. The clinical course as well as the pathological changes has been studied and found to be suggestive of a virus cause for the disease. The absence of perivascular demyelinization removes the case from the realm of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and establishes it more or less definitely as a primary acute infectious myelitis.

A STUDY OF THE THERAPEUTIC MECHANISM OF ANTI-PNEUMOCOCCIC SERUM ON THE EXPERIMENTAL DERMAL PNEUMOCOCCUS INFECTION IN RABBITS : III. THE INFLUENCE OF NON-SPECIFIC FACTORS.

The purpose of the present investigation was to determine whether or not non-specific agents were capable of exerting any influence on the response of pneumococcus-infected animals to specific serum therapy. It has been demonstrated in these experiments that whereas gold (empirically chosen) by itself had very little effect either on the course or the outcome of the experimental pneumococcus infection, it is nevertheless capable of exerting a definite and marked beneficial effect in rabbits treated with a subeffective dose of the specific antiserum. Of the rabbits treated with the subeffective dose of serum alone, 71 per cent died and only 29 per cent survived; the additional administration of gold reversed this death-survival ratio with the result that of a large group of rabbits which received the combined therapy, 77 per cent survived and only 23 per cent died.

A STUDY OF THE THERAPEUTIC MECHANISM OF ANTIPNEUMOCOCCIC SERUM ON THE EXPERIMENTAL DERMAL PNEUMOCOCCUS INFECTION IN RABBITS : II. A COMPARISON OF THE THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF UNREFINED, ANTIPNEUMOCOCCIC SERUM WITH THAT OF ITS VARIOUS PROTEIN FRACTIONS: THE ROLE OF THE NON-ANTIBACTERIAL FACTOR.

The experiments of the preceding communication showed that the therapeutic action of antipneumococcic serum depends to a considerable extent upon a certain non-antibacterial factor. The experiments reported in the present communication had two main objects; the first was to determine the distribution of the non-antibacterial factor among the various protein fractions of the serum, and incidentally to correlate this property of the factor with that of certain known antibodies, as well as to learn whether or not the protein fractions commonly excluded from refined preparations of antipneumococcic serum, have any therapeutic value; the second was to determine the rôle of the non-antibacterial factor in the therapy of pneumococcus infection, as exemplified by the experimental, dermal, pneumococcus infection in rabbits. To determine the distribution of the non-antibacterial factor, Type I antipneumococcic serum was fractionated with (NH(4))(2)SO(4), and the antibacterial bodies were absorbed by concentrated suspensions of heat-killed pneumococci.

A STUDY OF THE THERAPEUTIC MECHANISM OF ANTIPNEUMOCOCCIC SERUM ON THE EXPERIMENTAL DERMAL PNEUMOCOCCUS INFECTION IN RABBITS : I. THE PRESENCE IN ANTIPNEUMOCOCCIC SERUM OF A NON-ANTIBACTERIAL THERAPEUTIC FACTOR.

1. Antipneumococcic serum contains in addition to the antibodies against the various bacterial constituents, a non-antibacterial therapeutic factor. 2.

EXPERIMENTS ON THE PURIFICATION AND CONCENTRATION OF THE VIRUS OF POLIOMYELITIS.

Methods employed by Willstätter and his coworkers in the isolation and purification of enzymes have been applied to the virus of poliomyelitis. Rhoads (6) showed that alumina gel C mixed with poliomyelitis virus in certain proportions at an acid pH resulted in the adsorption and inactivation of the virus. The experiments in this communication confirm Rhoads' observation, and show further that the adsorption as well as the inactivation are reversible; i.

THE THERAPEUTIC VALUE OF INTRAMUSCULAR DOSAGE OF TYPE I PNEUMOCOCCUS ANTISERA.

1. Intramuscular dosage of antipneumococcus sera in a standard dermal pneumococcic infection in rabbits is as effective as intravenous dosage provided the degree of blood stream invasion be not unusually high. 2.

CONGENITAL PROTEIN HYPERSENSITIVENESS IN TWO GENERATIONS.

Hypersensitivity actively induced in utero is shown to persist for a longer period than passive sensitization. The degree of hypersensitivity, its duration, and its transmissibility appear to be influenced by the time elapsing between the original injection of the parent and parturition. A pregnant guinea pig receiving a parenteral injection of antigen 2 to 4 days prior to parturition transmits a state of hypersensitivity to two succeeding generations.

ON THE NATURE OF THE CHILL-PRODUCING PRINCIPLE IN ANTIPNEUMOCOCCUS SERUM.

1. By means of a test method, which is described, the presence or absence of the chill-producing principle in antipneumococcus serum may be determined. 2.

THE PRECIPITIN REACTION OF ANTIPNEUMOCOCCUS SERA : III. THE RATIO OF PRECIPITIN TO PROTECTIVE ANTIBODY IN TYPE II.

The ratio precipitin/protective antibody is given for several fresh antipneumococcus horse sera (Type II). The application of the precipitin test here dealt with and that of similar ones, based on the conception of a parallelism between precipitin and protective antibody, is limited to unrefined horse sera.

ON THE PRESENCE IN ANTIPNEUMOCOCCUS SERUM OF TYPE-SPECIFIC PROTECTIVE ANTIBODY NOT NEUTRALIZED BY HOMOLOGOUS SPECIFIC SOLUBLE SUBSTANCE.

The mutual relationship of the anticarbohydrate precipitins and the protective action in antipneumococcus sera to the soluble specific substance was investigated. The assumption is made that there exists in antipneumococcus serum, type-specific protective antibody which is distinct from the anticarbohydrate precipitins and is not neutralized by the soluble specific substance. This assumption is based upon the following observations in experiments which were conducted primarily with Type I antipneumococcus horse serum.

TRANSMISSION OF RESPIRATORY ANAPHYLAXIS (ASTHMA) FROM MOTHER TO OFFSPRING.

Rabbits immunized intravenously with living culture or nucleoproteins of non-hemolytic streptococci react to subsequent intracutaneous inoculations with homologous streptococci with smaller and harder lesions than are shown by normal animals similarly inoculated; and they do not develop the general manifestations of hypersensitiveness such as are shown by animals previously inoculated into the tissues with the same cultures. A rabbit may react to intracutaneous inoculation with non-hemolytic streptococci in one of four ways, depending on whether it is normal, hypersensitive, immune or cachectic. Most normal animals show a secondary reaction about 10 days after inoculation with suitable strains of non-hemolytic streptococci; hypersensitive, allergic, or hyperergic animals show much larger lesions than do normals with the corresponding doses of the same streptococci, and practically never show secondary reactions; immune animals show smaller and harder early lesions and usually do not have secondary reactions if they are fairly well immunized.

THE CULTIVATION OF LENS EPITHELIUM IN VITRO.

1. Differentiation of the posterior cells of the lens vesicle into lens cortex has been observed in vitro. 2.

THE EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO COLD UPON EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT.

1. Respiratory infection of rabbits with Bacillus bovisepticus (snuffles) is favored by chilling the animals after they have been accustomed to heat. 2.

THE INFLUENCE OF ADRENALIN IN PHLORHIZIN DIABETES.

I. Intraperitoneal injections of adrenalin into animals which are completely under the influence of phlorhizin and which are free from glycogen do not result in any extra elimination of sugar. This proves that adrenalin does not cause a conversion of fat into carbohydrates, as is maintained by Blum and by Eppinger, Falta and Rudinger.

AN EXPERIMENTAL GLOMERULAR LESION CAUSED BY VENOM (CROTALUS ADAMANTEUS).

The venom of Crotalus adamanteus when administered intravenously to rabbits in properly graded doses causes lesions of the glomerulus of tile kidney which may be either hemorrhagic or exudative in character. Both types of lesion are usually associated but either one or the other may predominate. The hemorrhagic lesion, which may be confined to the glomerular tuft, or, by rupture of the latter, may involve the capsular space, is a peculiar localization of the hemorrhage so common in other parts of the body in venom intoxication.

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF KIDNEY EXTRACTS AND OF THE SERUM OF ANIMALS WITH RENAL LESIONS UPON THE BLOOD PRESSURE.

1. Extracts of the rabbit's kidney injected into the rabbit cause a slight, increase in blood pressure which is barely more than that due to the mechanical effect of the injection. 2.