Successful use of left ventricular support device (Impella 5.0) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for postoperative cardiac arrest after lung cancer surgery: a case report.

Postoperative hemodynamic support with an Impella 5.0 was effective in a man who underwent lung lobectomy for lung cancer and cardiogenic shock. A 75-year-old man presented to hospital with an abnormal chest shadow on radiography.

An investigation of the internal morphology of asbestos ferruginous bodies: constraining their role in the onset of malignant mesothelioma.

Background: Asbestos is a fibrous mineral that was widely used in the past. However, asbestos inhalation is associated with an aggressive type of cancer known as malignant mesothelioma (MM). After inhalation, an iron-rich coat forms around the asbestos fibres, together the coat and fibre are termed an "asbestos ferruginous body" (AFB).

Influence of Smoking History on the Effectiveness of Immune-checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Analysis of Real-world Data.

Background/aim: There is no real-world data in an Asian population to investigate the difference between the outcome of immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) monotherapy and combination therapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) based on smoking status. In this study, we investigated the correlation between smoking status and the efficacy of ICI therapy for NSCLC patients.

Patients And Methods: This multicentre retrospective study enrolled patients with recurrent or metastatic NSCLC who were treated using ICI therapy between December 2015 and July 2020.

Vimentin expression correlates with immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Although vimentin is often expressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the association between vimentin expression and immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) efficacy remains unclear.

Methods: This retrospective multicenter study enrolled patients with NSCLC who received ICI treatment between December 2015 and July 2020. The authors constructed tissue microarrays and performed immunohistochemical staining with vimentin.

Association between cerebrospinal fluid parameters and developmental and neurological status in glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome.

Objective: In glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome (Glut1DS), cerebrospinal fluid glucose (CSFG) and CSFG to blood glucose ratio (CBGR) show significant differences among groups classified by phenotype or genotype. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between these biochemical parameters and Glut1DS severity.

Methods: The medical records of 45 patients who visited Osaka University Hospital between March 2004 and December 2021 were retrospectively examined.

Novel Strategy for the Management of Cervical Multicystic Diseases.

Purpose: To investigate the clinical practices of diagnosing multicystic cervical lesions as a means to develop a more appropriate diagnostic algorithm for gastric-type adenocarcinoma (GAS) and its precursors.

Methods: Clinical information for 159 surgically treated patients for multicystic disease of the uterine cervix was collected from 15 hospitals. We performed a central review of the MRI and pathological findings.

An extremely rare case of interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma of the parotid gland with a 40‑month disease‑free survival time after only surgery: A case report.

Interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma (IDCS) is an extremely rare neoplasm arising from dendritic cells and is mainly located in the lymph nodes. To the best of our knowledge, no treatment strategy has yet been established for IDCS, despite its aggressive clinical features. The present study presents the case of a patient with IDCS who experienced a 40-month disease-free survival time after surgery alone.

Final efficacy and safety results and biomarker analysis of a phase 2 study of cabozantinib in Japanese patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Cabozantinib was established as the standard of care for the treatment of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) whose disease had progressed after vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (VEGFR-TKI) therapy in the global randomized trial METEOR. A phase 2 study was conducted to bridge the findings in METEOR to Japanese patients. Here, we report a biomarker analysis and update the efficacy and safety results of cabozantinib treatment.

Prognostic value of PD-L1 expression in recurrent renal cell carcinoma after nephrectomy: a secondary analysis of the ARCHERY study.

Background: Nephrectomy is a curative treatment for localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC), but patients with poor prognostic features may experience relapse. Understanding the prognostic impact of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in patients who underwent nephrectomy for RCC may aid in future development of adjuvant therapy.

Methods: Of 770 surgical specimens collected from Japanese patients enrolled in the ARCHERY study, only samples obtained from patients with recurrent RCC after nephrectomy were examined for this secondary analysis.

Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab versus sunitinib for advanced renal cell carcinoma: Japanese patients from the CLEAR study.

Background: The phase 3 CLEAR study demonstrated statistically significantly improved efficacy with lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab versus sunitinib, including progression-free survival and overall survival, in patients with previously untreated advanced renal cell carcinoma. This subset analysis investigated efficacy and safety in Japanese patients randomized to lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab or sunitinib in the CLEAR study.

Methods: Progression-free survival, overall survival, tumor response, and safety were assessed in Japanese patients with previously untreated advanced renal cell carcinoma randomized to receive lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab (n = 42) or sunitinib (n = 31).

0.125% 8 ml/h v.s. 0.25% 8 ml/h of levobupivacaine in continuous paravertebral block for postoperative analgesia in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: a randomized, controlled, double-blind study.

Purpose: Research has shown that a higher dose of bupivacaine administered in continuous paravertebral block (CPVB) provides a greater analgesic effect after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). In this randomized, controlled, double-blind study, we hypothesized that 0.25% 8 ml/h of levobupivacaine administered in CPVB after VATS provides a greater analgesic effect than 0.

Effects of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells, PD1/PD-L1 axis, and expression patterns of HLA class I on the prognosis of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma who underwent extra-pleural pneumonectomy.

Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD1), PD1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecule play pivotal roles in T cell-induced anti-tumor immunity; however, the clinical impact of these parameters in resected malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) cases is unknown. We immunohistochemically evaluated the tumor infiltrated lymphocytes (TILs), PD1/PD-L1 axis, and expression of HLA class I in resected specimens from 58 patients with MPM who underwent extra-pleural pneumonectomy (EPP). Higher infiltration of CD3-TIL, CD8-TIL, and PD1-TIL, loss of HLA class I, and overexpression of PD-L1 by tumor cells (PD-L1 TC) or immune cells (PD-L1 IC) were observed in 34 (58.

Comparison of MECHANISM of early and late vascular responses following treatment of ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction with two different everolimus-eluting stents: a randomized controlled trial of biodegradable versus durable polymer stents.

The early and mid-term arterial healing profile of biodegradable polymer-coated everolimus-eluting stents (BP-EES) is unclear, especially in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) culprit lesions. This study aimed to compare early- and mid-term arterial healing between durable polymer-coated everolimus-eluting stents (DP-EES) and BP-EES in STEMI patients. In a prospective, multicenter, non-inferiority trial, STEMI patients were randomized to receive BP-EES (n = 60) or DP-EES (n = 60).

Health-related Quality of Life Analysis from KEYNOTE-426: Pembrolizumab plus Axitinib Versus Sunitinib for Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Background: In the phase 3 KEYNOTE-426 (NCT02853331) trial, pembrolizumab + axitinib demonstrated improvement in overall survival, progression-free survival, and objective response rate over sunitinib monotherapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Objective: To evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in KEYNOTE-426.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A total of 861 patients were randomly assigned to receive pembrolizumab + axitinib (n = 432) or sunitinib (n = 429).

Association of thyroid transcription factor-1 with the efficacy of immune-checkpoint inhibitors in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: We aimed to identify the relationship between thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) expression of lung adenocarcinoma and the efficacy of immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy.

Methods: This retrospective multicenter study comprised patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma treated with ICI monotherapy. We collected clinical medical records including data on TTF-1 expression and analyzed the relationship between TTF-1 expression and programmed death-ligand 1 tumor proportion score (PD-L1 TPS), objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).

Right upper lobectomy for lung cancer with a displaced right bronchus: Two case reports.

Case 1 describe a 73-year-old man with an abnormal opacity in the upper lobe of the right lung on chest computed tomography (CT), which was done during the postoperative follow-up for bile duct cancer. The chest CT scan showed a ground glass nodule (GGN) measuring 1.0 cm and another one measuring 0.

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 expression and immunotherapy efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer.

It is unclear whether tumor vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 expression affects the therapeutic efficacy of immune-checkpoint inhibitors and antiangiogenic agents. This retrospective, multicenter study included patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer who were treated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors. We constructed tissue microarrays and performed immunohistochemistry with an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 antibody.

Pathologic complete response with pembrolizumab plus axitinib in metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Immunotherapy-based combinations have played a central role in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma, and long-term survival of patients is expected. In this context, it is clear that a certain number of patients can achieve a complete response. However, the diagnosis of complete response is usually based on imaging, and there are few cases of pathological complete response.

Cross-wired metal stents for endoscopic bilateral stent-in-stent deployment in malignant hilar biliary obstruction: A multicenter, single-arm, prospective study.

Objectives: The endoscopic bilateral stent-in-stent (SIS) deployment is a challenging procedure. Such difficulty is mainly caused by sticking of the tip of the delivery sheath into the self-expandable metal stents (SEMSs) mesh, requiring an additional dilating procedure. Herein, we assessed the clinical results of using cross-wired metal stent for endoscopic bilateral SIS deployment (BONASTENT M-Hilar) in patients with malignant hilar biliary obstruction (MHBO) in both high-volume and non-high-volume centers.

Outcomes of lung metastasis from pancreatic cancer: A nationwide multicenter analysis.

Background: Although distant metastasis from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a dismal prognosis, some single center studies reported that lung metastasis has a favorable prognosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prognostic value of site-specific metastasis after pancreatectomy for PDAC, with a focus on lung metastasis.

Methods: Data from 117 cases of lung metastasis after pancreatectomy were collected retrospectively from 23 institutions in Japan.

A case of PD-L1 negative advanced pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma effectively treated with atezolizumab, carboplatin, paclitaxel, and bevacizumab.

Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) is an extremely rare neoplasm with poor prognosis and no established treatment. A 50-year-old man presented with fever, was found to have a mass measuring 14 cm in the right upper lobe of the chest, along with right pleural effusion on computed tomography (CT). Positron emission tomography-CT revealed abnormal tracer uptake in the area corresponding to the mass in the upper lobe.

Epidemiology of group B streptococcal disease in infants younger than 1 year in Japan: a nationwide surveillance study 2016-2020.

We aimed to define the burden and clinical features of invasive group B streptococcus (GBS) disease in infants younger than 1 year in Japan, to explore transmission route of late-onset disease (LOD), and to identify risk factors associated with recurrent GBS disease. We conducted a retrospective, questionnaire-based nationwide surveillance study between 2016 and 2020. A total of 875 GBS cases were identified, including 186 early-onset disease, 628 LOD, and 61 ultra-late-onset disease.

A Novel Technique to Retrieve a Snagged Stent Retriever: Technical Note.

Objective: Currently, there are no established approaches for removal of devices, such as stents, which sometimes become difficult to recover during endovascular treatment. We report a new method to successfully remove a stent that has become snagged during thrombus removal.

Case Presentation: An 82-year-old female who had undergone a mitral valve annuloplasty developed sudden aphasia, right hemiplegia, and right unilateral spatial neglect on postoperative day 10.