Forest edge landscape context affects mosquito community composition and risk of pathogen emergence.

Forest edges, where humans, mosquitoes, and wildlife interact, may serve as a nexus for zoonotic arbovirus exchange. Although often treated as uniform interfaces, the landscape context of edge habitats can greatly impact ecological interactions. Here, we investigated how the landscape context of forest edges shapes mosquito community structure in an Amazon rainforest reserve near the city of Manaus, Brazil, using hand-nets to sample mosquitoes at three distinct forest edge types.

Roads to remission: evolving treatment concepts in type 2 inflammatory diseases.

Unlabelled: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) characterised by type 2 inflammation, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, atopic dermatitis, food allergies and eosinophilic esophagitis, are increasing in prevalence worldwide. Currently, there is a major paradigm shift in the management of these diseases, towards the concept of disease modification and the treatment goal remission, regardless of severity and age. Remission as a treatment goal in chronic inflammatory NCDs was first introduced in rheumatoid arthritis, and then adopted in other non-type 2 inflammatory diseases.

Chemical upcycling of polybutadiene into size controlled α,ω-dienes and diesters sequential hydrogenation and cross-metathesis.

Plastic waste conversion into valuable chemicals is a promising alternative to landfill or incineration. In particular, the chemical upcycling of polybutadiene rubber (PBR) could provide a renewable route towards highly desirable α,ω-dienes with varying chain lengths, which can find ample industrial application. While previous research has shown that the treatment of polybutadiene with a consecutive hydrogenation and ethenolysis reaction can afford long-chain α,ω-dienes, achieving precise control over the product chain length remains an important bottleneck.

Desensitization With Imlifidase for HLA-Incompatible Deceased Donor Kidney Transplantation: A Delphi International Expert Consensus.

Highly sensitized (HS) patients in need of kidney transplantation (KTx) typically spend a longer time waiting for compatible kidneys, are unlikely to receive an organ offer, and are at increased risk of antibody-mediated rejection (AMR). Desensitization using imlifidase, which is more rapid and removes total body immunoglobulin G (IgG) to a greater extent than other methods, enables transplantation to occur between HLA-incompatible (HLAi) donor-recipient pairs and allows patients to have greater access to KTx. However, when the project was launched there was limited data and clinical experience with desensitization in general and with imlifidase specifically.

Primordial black holes and their gravitational-wave signatures.

In the recent years, primordial black holes (PBHs) have emerged as one of the most interesting and hotly debated topics in cosmology. Among other possibilities, PBHs could explain both some of the signals from binary black hole mergers observed in gravitational-wave detectors and an important component of the dark matter in the Universe. Significant progress has been achieved both on the theory side and from the point of view of observations, including new models and more accurate calculations of PBH formation, evolution, clustering, merger rates, as well as new astrophysical and cosmological probes.

Healthcare provision for displaced people in transit: Analyses of routinely collected data from INTERSOS clinics at the Ukrainian border with Moldova and Poland.

Background: The Russian military invasion of Ukraine has sparked Europe's largest forced displacement since World War II, bringing about significant health vulnerabilities for migrants and refugees. European health information systems lack comprehensive data coverage, especially in underrepresented migration stages like transit. This study aims to address this gap by analyzing data from INTERSOS clinics at the Moldovan and Polish borders with Ukraine to identify the common health conditions prompting people to seek healthcare services during transit.

The biological function of and its application in animal husbandry: a review.

, is a herbaceous plant of the Asteraceae family which is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine. It is often used for dehumidification, antiemetics, spleen strengthening and antipyretic effects. is rich in various bio-active substances and has many biological functions, for instance anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiviral effects.

Who is WithMe? EEG features for attention in a visual task, with auditory and rhythmic support.

Introduction: The study of attention has been pivotal in advancing our comprehension of cognition. The goal of this study is to investigate which EEG data representations or features are most closely linked to attention, and to what extent they can handle the cross-subject variability.

Methods: We explore the features obtained from the univariate time series from a single EEG channel, such as time domain features and recurrence plots, as well as representations obtained directly from the multivariate time series, such as global field power or functional brain networks.

Autonomic Nervous System Activity before Atrial Fibrillation Onset as Assessed by Heart Rate Variability.

Background: Neuromodulation has been shown to increase the efficacy of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation procedures. However, despite its ability to influence the autonomic nervous system (ANS), the exact mechanism of action remains unclear. The activity of the ANS via the intracardiac nervous system (ICNS) can be inferred from heart rate variability (HRV).

Ventricular Depolarization Abnormalities and Their Role in Cardiac Risk Stratification - A Narrative Review.

Ventricular depolarization refers to the electrical activation and subsequent contraction of the ventricles, visible as the QRS complex on a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). A well-organized and efficient depolarization is critical for cardiac function. Abnormalities in ventricular depolarization may indicate various pathologies and can be present in all leads if the condition is general, or in a subgroup of anatomically contiguous leads if the condition is limited to the corresponding anatomic location of the heart.

A vacuolar invertase gene modulates sugar metabolism and postharvest fruit quality and stress resistance in tomato.

Sugars act as signaling molecules to modulate various growth processes and enhance plant tolerance to various abiotic and biotic stresses. Moreover, sugars contribute to the postharvest flavor in fleshy fruit crops. To date, the regulation of sugar metabolism and its effect in plant growth, fruit ripening, postharvest quality, and stress resistance remains not fully understood.

Safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity of Ad26.COV2.S co-administered with a quadrivalent standard-dose or high-dose seasonal influenza vaccine: a non-inferiority randomised controlled trial.

Background: Vaccine co-administration can increase vaccination coverage. We assessed the safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity of concomitant administration of Ad26.COV2.

Diagnosis and management of de novo non-specific spinal infections: European Association of Neurosurgical Societies (EANS) Spine Section Delphi consensus recommendations.

Introduction: The management of de novo non-specific spinal infections (spondylodiscitis - SD) remains inconsistent due to varying clinical practices and a lack of high-level evidence, particularly regarding the indications for surgery.

Research Question: This study aims to develop consensus recommendations for the diagnosis and management of SD, addressing diagnostic modalities, surgical indications, and treatment strategies.

Material And Methods: A Delphi process was conducted with 26 experts from the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies (EANS).

Health outcomes in chronic kidney disease patients with cognitive impairment or dementia: a global collaborative analysis.

Background And Hypothesis: Mild cognitive impairment and dementia (CI) are common in patients with CKD. We aim to clarify whether and how CKD and CI coexistence increases adverse health outcomes.

Methods: This retrospective observational cohort study was conducted on CKD patients (stages 3-5) from the TriNetX platform.

Parent's Perspective on Continuity of Care in the Maternity Care and Child Health Services Continuum: A Qualitative Systematic Review.

Introduction: While the World Health Organization (WHO) advocates organizing maternity care and preventive child healthcare (PCHC) as people-centred, integrated healthcare services, globally these services are often established separately, causing discontinuity of care. Our aim is to synthesize the evidence concerning what impacts parents' experience of continuity of care, and how to promote it.

Methods: Qualitative systematic review.

Tailgut cyst, management of a rare perianal mass: a case report.

Background: A perianal mass has a wide range of possible diagnoses, including tailgut cysts. Tailgut cysts are congenital, and their development is slow. Because its most common placement is retro-rectal, it is extremely rare to find it on the perianal level only.

Immunotherapy in gastric cancer-A systematic review.

Background: Gastric Cancer (GC) is the 5th most prevalent and 4th most deadly neoplasm globally. Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising treatment approach in GC, potentially improving positive clinical outcomes while addressing the limitations of conventional therapies. GC immunotherapy modalities consist of adoptive cell therapy (ACT), cancer vaccines, and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI).

Prioritizing Brain Health in Youth: Bringing Neuroscience to Society and Informing Policy, Lessons Learnt from the European Brain Council Expert Meeting Held at the Federation of European Neuroscience Societies Forum 2024.

Good brain health plays a significant role in an individual's well-being and profoundly impacts the collective economy and society. Brain development does not stop at birth, and some aspects continue throughout childhood and adolescence, allowing the full development of cognitive functions. Different determinants related to physical health, healthy environments, safety and security, life-long learning and social connection as well as access to quality services influence the way our brains develop, adapt and respond to stress and adversity.

Evaluation of the Effect of Loperamide on the Cardiac Repolarization Interval Using Exposure-Response Analysis.

This analysis assessed the relationship between the plasma concentrations of loperamide and its N-desmethyl loperamide meta- bolite (M1) and the potential QT interval prolongation at therapeutic and supratherapeutic doses. The exposure-response analysis was performed using the data from healthy adults participating in a randomized, double-blind, single-dose, four-way (placebo; loperamide 8 mg [therapeutic]; loperamide 48 mg [supratherapeutic]; moxifloxacin 400 mg [positive control]) crossover study. The electrocardiographic measurements extracted from 12-lead digital Holter recordings were time-matched to pharmacokinetic sampling of loperamide/M1.

Condensation of carboxylic acids with amines using the BocO/DMAP system under solvent-free conditions.

The present study describes the use of the di--butyl dicarbonate (BocO)/4-(,-dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP) system for the amidation of carboxylic acids under neat conditions without heating. A set of carboxylic acids was explored, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), fatty acids and protected prolines in the presence of aromatic, benzylic and aliphatic amines as nucleophilic partners. The scope of this easy approach was extended to the preparation of thirty-two diverse carboxylic amides, which were recovered with isolated yields varying from moderate to excellent.

Enhancing paediatric and congenital cardiology e-learning postgraduate education: insights from the Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology directed webinar series.

Objective: A series of webinars covering widespread knowledge on paediatric cardiology and cardiac surgery topics was initiated by Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology, serving towards preparation for the Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology certification in paediatric and congenital cardiology. This study investigated the impact of webinars as educational tools for junior paediatric cardiologists in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional survey design study using an online survey as a tool for the assessment of trainees.

Multiomic analyses direct hypotheses for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease risk genes.

Prions are assemblies of misfolded prion protein that cause several fatal and transmissible neurodegenerative diseases, with the most common phenotype in humans being sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD). Aside from variation of the prion protein itself, molecular risk factors are not well understood. Prion and prion-like mechanisms are thought to underpin common neurodegenerative disorders meaning that the elucidation of mechanisms could have broad relevance.

Achieving cup target as per spinopelvic assessment is associated with improved THA outcome: a prospective, multicentre study.

Background: Different methods can help to optimise sagittal cup orientation in total hip arthroplasty (THA) based on individual spinopelvic characteristics. This study aimed to: (1) assess how often combined sagittal index (CSI) and hip-spine-classification targets were achieved post THA; (2) compare anteversion/inclination between cups in-/outside optimal CSI zone; and (3) determine association with outcome.

Methods: This is a multicentre, prospective, case-cohort study of 435 primary THA for osteoarthritis (53% females; age: 65 ± 12 years; follow-up: 2.

New Infrared Spectra of the Water-CO Complex: Determination of Four Intermolecular Modes and Test of a High-Level Potential Energy Surface.

High resolution infrared spectra of water-CO dimers are further studied using tunable infrared sources to probe a pulsed slit jet supersonic expansion. The relatively weak transition of DO-CO in the DO ν fundamental region (≈2760 cm) is observed for the first time, as are various spectra of DO-CO. Combination bands involving the intermolecular in plane geared bend (disrotatory) mode are observed for HO-CO (≈1642, 2397 cm) in the HO ν and CO ν regions, for HDO-CO (≈2761 cm) in the HDO ν region, and for DO-CO (≈2386, 2705 and 2821 cm) in the CO ν, DO ν, and DO ν regions.

Ethical considerations on surrogacy†.

Surrogacy is the assisted reproductive technology (ART) practice in which a person becomes pregnant, carries, and delivers a child on behalf of another couple/person, who are the intended parent(s). Surrogacy is an especially complex practice as the interests of the intended parents, the gestational carrier, and the future child may differ. This paper considers ethical questions related to different forms of surrogacy.