HIPSTR: highest independent posterior subtree reconstruction in TreeAnnotator X.

In Bayesian phylogenetic and phylodynamic studies it is common to summarise the posterior distribution of trees with a time-calibrated consensus phylogeny. While the maximum clade credibility (MCC) tree is often used for this purpose, we here show that a novel consensus tree method - the highest independent posterior subtree reconstruction, or HIPSTR - contains consistently higher supported clades over MCC. We also provide faster computational routines for estimating both consensus trees in an updated version of TreeAnnotator X, an open-source software program that summarizes the information from a sample of trees and returns many helpful statistics such as individual clade credibilities contained in the consensus tree.

Transcription factors form a ternary complex with NIPBL/MAU2 to localize cohesin at enhancers.

While the cohesin complex is a key player in genome architecture, how it localizes to specific chromatin sites is not understood. Recently, we and others have proposed that direct interactions with transcription factors lead to the localization of the cohesin-loader complex (NIPBL/MAU2) within enhancers. Here, we identify two clusters of LxxLL motifs within the NIPBL sequence that regulate NIPBL dynamics, interactome, and NIPBL-dependent transcriptional programs.

Low birth weight associations with cardiac structure and function in adults after arterial switch for transposition of the great arteries.

Background And Aims: The objective of this study was to assess the associations of birth weight with cardiac structure and function in adults with dextro-transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA) who underwent the arterial switch operation (ASO).

Methods And Results: Thirty-nine ASO patients (age 24.4 ± 3.

Assessing subaortic right ventricle function after atrial switch repair through myocardial work analysis.

Background: The Mustard and Senning operations for dextro-transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA) establish a biventricular physiology with a subaortic right ventricle (sRV). While prolonged QRS has been associated with worse prognosis in these patients, current echocardiographic tools fall short in adequately assessing the (mal)performance and function decline of the sRV during follow-up. The present study is the first to characterize Myocardial Work (MW) indices of the sRV in D-TGA patients after Mustard/Senning repair.

Towards a novel framework for identifying commonalities and differences in older people's end-of-life trajectories: aims and interdisciplinary mixed-methods approach of the ERC-funded TRAJECT project.

Background: Older people who die from serious chronic disease typically experience long periods (months or years) of illness and complex fluctuations in their physical health and in their social, psychological and existential well-being. Our understanding of these end-of-life trajectories is very limited, focuses predominantly on physical function and clinical predictors and neglects inter-individual differences. A better understanding of end-of-life trajectories, including what is shared among people and what is individually specific, is needed for an optimal provision of palliative care and health services planning.

Computational modeling of superparamagnetic nanoparticle-based (affinity) diagnostics.

Introduction: Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), particularly iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), are renowned for their superparamagnetic behavior, allowing precise control under external magnetic fields. This characteristic makes them ideal for biomedical applications, including diagnostics and drug delivery. Superparamagnetic IONPs, which exhibit magnetization only in the presence of an external field, can be functionalized with ligands for targeted affinity diagnostics.

Psychological Distress and Relational Intimacy following Sexual Violence: A Longitudinal Study.

Increasing evidence shows how distress following sexual violence might spill over to victims' romantic relationship functioning. However, studies investigating the reverse spillover between relationship functioning and psychological distress following sexual violence are lacking. The current study therefore aimed to investigate the bidirectional association between victims' psychological distress (posttraumatic stress, depression, anxiety and stress) and emotional and sexual intimacy using a three-wave yearly survey study of a community sample of sexual violence victims ( = 274, 89% women, 3% men and 8% trans persons, = 32 years, = 10.

Group-level signatures in bonobo sociality.

Humans show remarkable differences in social behaviour between families, groups, communities and cultures, whereas such group-level within-species variation in socio-behavioural propensities is typically overlooked in other species. Studies on intraspecific variation in animal social structures are needed to inform an evolutionary account of human sociality. Here, we study multiple independent bonobo populations ( = 6) in zoological settings to investigate if and how bonobos ( = 70) show group-specific signatures in sociality.

Cerebral Fat Macroembolism: Diagnosic Tools with Spectral Imaging.

Spectral tomography offers valuable complementary diagnostic tools in the setting of cerebral fat macroembolism, a rare condition often presenting with nonspecific clinical symptoms.

Randomized Controlled Trial: Acquisition of Basic Microsurgical Skills Through Smartphone Training Model.

Background: Microsurgery is essential in various surgical specialties, but learning these skills is challenging due to work hour limitations, patient safety concerns, documentation time, and ethical objections to practicing on live animals. This randomized controlled trial compares 2 microsurgical training models: the smartphone model and the microscope model.

Methods: Thirty students without prior microsurgery experience were randomized into 3 groups: control (CG), smartphone (SG), and microscope (MG).

Orbital Bone Fracture Repair Evaluation Through 3-Dimensional Computational Reconstruction and Orbital Volumetric Assessment.

Background: Three-dimensional (3D) models generated from computed tomography (CT) images efficiently and accurately complement surgical comprehension. Additionally, computer modeling provides a substrate for comparative analysis of the treated orbit volume. This study aimed to investigate cases of orbital bone fractures with regard to orbital-defect correction, through 3D computational structural modeling and evaluation of orbital volume.

The cerebellum is involved in implicit motor sequence learning.

Background: Implicit motor sequence learning (IMSL) is a cognitive function that allows us to execute multiple movements in a specific sequential order and plays a crucial role in our daily functional activities. Although the role of the basal ganglia network in IMSL is well-established, the exact involvement of the cerebellar network is less clear.

Aim: Here, we aimed to address this issue by investigating the effects of cerebellar transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) on IMSL.

Crystal structures and photophysical properties of mono- and dinuclear Zn complexes flanked by tri-ethyl-ammonium.

Two new zinc(II) complexes, tri-ethyl-ammonium di-chlorido-[2-(4-nitro-phen-yl)-4-phenyl-quinolin-8-olato]zinc(II), (CHN){Zn(CHNO)Cl] (), and bis-(tri-ethyl-ammonium) {2,2'-[1,4-phenyl-enebis(nitrilo-methyl-idyne)]diphenolato}bis-[di-chlorido-zinc(II)], (CHN)[Zn(CHNO)Cl] (), were synthesized and their structures were determined using ESI-MS spectrometry, H NMR spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the ligands 2-(4-nitro-phen-yl)-4-phenyl-quinolin-8-ol () and ,'-bis-(2-hy-droxy-benzyl-idene)benzene-1,4-di-amine () were deprotonated by tri-ethyl-amine, forming the counter-ion EtNH, which inter-acts an N-H⋯O hydrogen bond with the ligand. The Zn atoms have a distorted trigonal-pyramidal () and distorted tetra-hedral () geometries with a coord-ination number of four, coordinating with the ligands N and O atoms.

Multiple-timescale dynamics, mixed mode oscillations and mixed affective states in a model of bipolar disorder.

Mixed affective states in bipolar disorder (BD) is a common psychiatric condition that occurs when symptoms of the two opposite poles coexist during an episode of mania or depression. A four-dimensional model by Goldbeter (Progr Biophys Mol Biol 105:119-127, 2011; Pharmacopsychiatry 46:S44-S52, 2013) rests upon the notion that manic and depressive symptoms are produced by two competing and auto-inhibited neural networks. Some of the rich dynamics that this model can produce, include complex rhythms formed by both small-amplitude (subthreshold) and large-amplitude (suprathreshold) oscillations and could correspond to mixed bipolar states.

Urbanization Shifts Immunometabolism in a Common Bumblebee.

The growing urbanization process is accompanied by the emergence of new habitats for wildlife, and cities are sometimes seen as refuges for pollinators such as wild bees compared to intensively cultivated rural habitats. However, the contrasting living conditions that combine high fragmentation, exposure to pollutants, and heat island effects, with low pesticide use and potentially high availability of resources, make it difficult to predict the overall effect of urban living on the health of wild bees. Moreover, if the responses of wild bee populations in terms of species richness and diversity have been the focus of many recent studies, individual responses to urbanization have been more rarely investigated.

Country-Specific Roadmaps for Scaling Up Integrated Care in Belgium, Slovenia, and Cambodia - Lessons Learned from the SCUBY Project.

Introduction: The SCUBY project aimed to provide knowledge on the scaling-up of an Integrated Care Package (ICP) for type 2 diabetes and hypertension across three distinct health systems (Cambodia, Slovenia, and Belgium). Here, we analyse the different elements of the country-specific scale-up roadmaps to identify similarities and differences, and share lessons learned.

Methods: Thematic analysis was used to derive crucial roadmap elements from key SCUBY documents (n = 20), including policy briefs, interim reports, research outputs, and consortium meeting notes.

Operationalizing the New Global Definition of ARDS: A Retrospective Cohort Study From South Africa.

Background: A proposed new global definition of ARDS seeks to update the Berlin definition and account for nonintubated ARDS and ARDS diagnoses in resource-variable settings.

Research Question: How do ARDS epidemiologic characteristics change with operationalizing the new global definition of ARDS in a resource-limited setting?

Study Design And Methods: We performed a real-use retrospective cohort study among adult patients meeting criteria for the Berlin definition of ARDS or the global definition of ARDS at ICU admission in two public hospitals in the KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health, South Africa, from January 2017 through June 2022.

Results: Among 5,760 adults (aged ≥ 18 years) admitted to the ICU, 2,027 patients (35.

From setbacks to success: lessons from the journey of RSV vaccine development.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes high worldwide infant mortality, as well as a high disease burden in the elderly. Efforts in vaccine development over the past 60 years have recently delivered three approved vaccines and two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Looking back at the eventful history of RSV vaccine development, several factors can be identified that have hampered the developmental pathway, including the occurrence of enhanced RSV disease (ERD) in the first vaccine attempt and the difficulty in characterizing and stabilizing the pre-fusion F protein as a vaccine target.

Subpulmonary ventricular function and inflammation are related to clinical heart failure in patients with a systemic right ventricle.

Background: Timely diagnosis of heart failure (HF) in patients with a systemic right ventricle (sRV) is difficult but important since clinical deterioration is fast once HF develops. We aimed to compare echocardiography and biomarker profile between sRV patients with and without HF and patients with a systemic left ventricle diagnosed with HF (sLV-HF).

Methods And Results: Eighty-seven sRV patients and 30 sLV-HF patients underwent echocardiographic evaluation and blood sampling.

Phenotypic clustering of repaired Tetralogy of Fallot using unsupervised machine learning.

Objective: Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF), a complex congenital heart disease, exhibits substantial clinical heterogeneity. Accurate prediction of disease progression and tailored patient management remain elusive. We aimed to categorize rTOF patients into distinct phenotypes based on clinical variables and variables obtained from cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging.

Dominant negative mutations cause ADA2 deficiency in heterozygous carriers.

Human ADA2 deficiency (DADA2) is an inborn error of immunity with a broad clinical phenotype which encompasses vasculopathy including livedo racemosa and lacunar strokes, as well as hemato-immunological features. Diagnosis is based on the combination of decreased serum ADA2 activity and the identification of biallelic deleterious alleles in the gene. DADA2 carriers harbor a single pathogenic variant in and are mostly considered healthy and asymptomatic.

Gradual expression of MMP9 and MT1-MMP at the tumor-stroma interface in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Due to the late-stage diagnosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), treatment remains a significant clinical challenge. The metalloproteinases MMP-9 and MT1-MMP play a pivotal role in extracellular matrix remodeling, thereby facilitating tumor growth and metastasis. Tumor progression requires the degradation of the basement membrane.