[Insomnia as a transdiagnostic phenomenon in the elderly with depressive and anxiety disorders.].

The article describes the forms, causes and consequences of insomnia in the elderly. It shows the clinical features of dyssomnic disorders in comorbid depressive and anxiety disorders, as the most common mental pathology of old age. The approaches of Russian and foreign authors to the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia in the elderly are considered.

Association of Alcohol Consumption With CD4 Recovery After Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation in St. Petersburg, Russia.

Background: Delayed CD4 recovery after initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a novel potential mechanism by which alcohol consumption leads to increased morbidity and mortality in people with HIV. We hypothesized that alcohol consumption at ART initiation is associated with slower CD4 recovery.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 2 pooled longitudinal alcohol/HIV cohorts (2014-2019) in St.

Gender-related Characteristics of Oxidative Stress Severity and Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Schizophrenia.

The gender specificity of the clinical and psychopathological features of schizophrenia is an important factor in this disease. Gender features of neurocognitive deficit in schizophrenia and associated functional and structural disorders of the brain activity are of particular interest to researchers. There are several potential pathogenetic factors of this disease associated with gender, one of which is considered to be oxidative stress.

Russian-language translation and cultural adaptation of the Norwegian 'Patient Experience Questionnaire'.

Unlabelled: The availability of patient-reported experience measures (PREM) is an unmet need in Russian healthcare.

Objective: To translate, adapt culturally, and validate PREM for outpatients.

Methods: A core set of questions from the Patient Experience Questionnaire (PEQ, in Norwegian, available in English) was translated to Russian (forward-backward translation).

Circulating Regulatory T Cell Subsets in Patients with Sarcoidosis.

Unlabelled: Over recent years, many researchers have supported the autoimmune theory of sarcoidosis. The presence of uncontrolled inflammatory response on local and system levels in patients with sarcoidosis did not define that the immunoregulatory mechanisms could be affected. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution and the disturbance circulating Treg cell subsets in the peripheral blood in patients with sarcoidosis.

Severe Course of COVID-19 and Long-COVID-19 in Children: Difficulties in Diagnosis.

The question of COVID-19 and long-COVID-19 course in children remains unsolved. This infection in children, which is associated with COVID-19, can vary from asymptomatic to systemic damage of various systems. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, associated with SARS-CoV-2 (MIS-C), is a serious condition in children and adolescents after experiencing COVID-19.

The Burnout Concept as a Theoretical Framework for Investigating the Caregiving Impact of Relatives of Patients withAddictive Disorders.

Background: Relatives of patients withaddictive disorders often face significant difficulties in their daily lives. Although the burnout concept is currently considered a significant and promising theoretical framework for studying family members who care for chronically ill patients, its application has encountered considerable difficulties in the area of addiction treatment.

Objective: This article explores the methodology for studying the psychological issues arising in families affected by addictive disorders.

COVID-19 Heart Lesions in Children: Clinical, Diagnostic and Immunological Changes.

In the beginning of COVID-19, the proportion of confirmed cases in the pediatric population was relatively small and there was an opinion that children often had a mild or asymptomatic course of infection. Our understanding of the immune response, diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 is highly oriented towards the adult population. At the same time, despite the fact that COVID-19 in children usually occurs in a mild form, there is an incomplete understanding of the course as an acute infection and its subsequent manifestations such as Long-COVID-19 or Post-COVID-19, PASC in the pediatric population, correlations with comorbidities and immunological changes.

Cardiac Involvement in Children Affected by COVID-19: Clinical Features and Diagnosis.

COVID-19 () in children is usually mild. However, multiple organ disorders associated with SARS-CoV-2 () have been detected with poor respiratory symptoms. Cardiac changes are noted in 17% to 75% of cases, which are associated with diagnostic difficulties in high-risk groups for the development of complications that are associated with myocardial damage by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Efficacy of Tuberculosis Treatment in Patients with Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis with the Use of Bedaquiline: The Experience of the Russian Federation.

Unlabelled: In the conditions of the continued growth of multiple- and extensive drug-resistant tuberculosis, use of the new highly effective anti-tuberculosis drugs in this patient category is of great relevance. The aim of the study was determination the efficacy of treatment in patients with multidrug- and extensive drug-resistant tuberculosis using bedaquiline based on studies published in the Russian Federation.

Materials And Methods: The authors analyzed data published in studies from 2014 to 2022; 41 publications were included in total and 17 articles corresponded to the study design.

Clinical and neurophysiological characteristics of 89 patients with narcolepsy and cataplexy from the Russian Narcolepsy Network.

Study Objectives: The first reports of narcolepsy with cataplexy in Russia were made by Mankovsky (The pathogenesis of narcolepsy (the case of epidemic encephalitis with cataplexy) published in the Sovremennaya psihonevrologia) in 1925. The largest series of patients (n = 110) was reported by A. Vein (doctoral thesis: Hypersomnia Syndrome) in 1964.

Tuberculosis in the Russian Federation: Dynamics of the Epidemic Indicators before and after COVID-19 Pandemic.

The measures taken against tuberculosis (TB) in recent years in the Russian Federation have been highly effective. Unfortunately, the COVID-19 pandemic may seriously undermine the progress that has been made in the fight against TB. The aim of this study was to assess changes in the epidemiological rates of tuberculosis in the Russian Federation before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Sarcoidosis: Progression to the chronic stage and pathogenic based treatment (narrative review).

Many factors confirm the autoimmune nature of sarcoidosis and help in determining the strategy of patient management and treatment initiation. However, the causes and the mechanisms of disease progression that result in fibrosis and insufficiency of the affected organ remain unclear. This narrative review aims to analyse the mechanisms and biomarkers of sarcoidosis progression, as well as the pathogenetic basis of sarcoidosis therapy.

[Clinical efficacy and safety of Ethoxidol in cerebrovascular diseases].

Objective: Evaluation of efficacy and clinical safety of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine malate (Ethoxidol) in cerebrovascular disease in out-patient, and in-patient setting.

Material And Methods: In the observational study was included of the 70 patients (aged 62.84±6.

Concerns and Challenges Related to Sputnik V Vaccination Against the Novel COVID-19 Infection in the Russian Federation: The Role of Mental Health, and Personal and Social Issues as Targets for Future Psychosocial Interventions.

Background: Vaccine hesitancy causes serious difficulties in vaccination campaigns in many countries. The study of the population's attitude toward vaccination and detection of the predictive important individual psychological and social factors defining the vaccination necessity perception will allow elaborating promoting vaccination adherence measures.

Objectives: The aim of this research was to study COVID-19 threat appraisal, fear of COVID-19, trust in COVID-19 information sources, COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs, and the relationship of sociodemographic variables to COVID-19 preventive behavior.

Case Report: Supernormal Vascular Aging in Leningrad Siege Survivors.

Age-related changes in the vascular system play an important role in the biological age and lifespan of a person and maybe affected from an early age onward. One of the indicators of changes in the vascular system is arterial wall stiffness and its main measure, i.e.

Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of and SARS-CoV-2 Infections-Unexpected Similarities of Pathogenesis and What to Expect from Co-Infection.

Tuberculosis is still an important medical and social problem. In recent years, great strides have been made in the fight against , especially in the Russian Federation. However, the emergence of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) has led to the long-term isolation of the population on the one hand and to the relevance of using personal protective equipment on the other.

[Time perspective perception specific and maladaptation in elderly under uncertainty conditions during pandemic emergency.].

The purpose of the study - to determine the specifics of experiencing psychological stress, the time perspective and symptoms of adaptation disorders in older people in a pandemic emergency compared to the active adult population. At the first stage, 587 people were examined using the PSM-25 scale, then 100 respondents with maladaptive stress levels (sum ≥155 points) were selected. The main group consisted of 50 people aged 60 to 74 years (average age 65±2,7 years), 50 people aged 18 to 44 years (average age 32±3,8 years) were included in comparison group, who were examined with using the SCL-90-R questionnaire for assessing psychopathological symptoms and the ZTPI questionnaire for assessing the perception of time perspective.

[Clinical results and prospects for the use of phenosanic acid in patients with focal epilepsy].

Objective: To study the efficacy and safety of using a new original synthetic antioxidant - phenosanic acid as an adjunct therapy in patients with focal epilepsy.

Material And Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study evaluated the efficacy and safety of phenosanic acid as an adjunct therapy to basic antiepileptic drugs in 120 patients with focal epilepsy. Primary purpose: to study the dynamic of seizure frequency.

Post COVID-19 Syndrome in Patients with Asymptomatic/Mild Form.

Post COVID-19 Syndrome (PCS) is a complex of various symptoms developing a month or more after the acute phase of the disease. The cases of PCS development among patients with asymptomatic/mild forms are frequently reported; however, the pathogenesis of PCS in this group of patients is still not completely clear. The publications about COVID-19 which were published in online databases from December 2019 to September 2021 are analyzed in this review.

Physical Activity Is Associated With Sleep Quality: Results of the ESSE-RF Epidemiological Study.

Background And Hypothesis: Physical activity (PA) is an important behavioral factor associated with the quality of life and healthy longevity. We hypothesize that extremely low and extremely high levels of daily PA (including occupational PA) may have a negative impact on sleep quality and psychological well-being.

Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the association between the level and type of PA and sleep problems in adult population.

Efficacy of Different Types of Therapy for COVID-19: A Comprehensive Review.

A new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has already affected millions of people in 213 countries. The possibilities of treatment have been reviewed in recent publications but there are many controversial results and conclusions. An analysis of the studies did not reveal a difference in mortality level between people treated with standard therapy, such as antiviral drugs and dexamethasone, and new antiviral drugs/additional immune therapy.

Association of antioxidant deficiency and the level of products of protein and lipid peroxidation in patients with the first episode of schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia is considered a multifactorial disease, where one of the pathogenetic links is oxidative stress; however, the results of studies are often contradictory, largely due to significant heterogeneity among study methods. The present study was undertaken to compare the levels of oxidative stress markers in the peripheral blood of patients with a first episode of schizophrenia (FES) and in healthy volunteers (HV). The study included 50 patients with FES and 37 HV.

Development of molecular tools for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease that are based on detection of amyloidogenic proteins.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia that usually occurs among older people. AD results from neuronal degeneration that leads to the cognitive impairment and death. AD is incurable, typically develops over the course of many years and is accompanied by a loss of functional autonomy, making a patient completely dependent on family members and/or healthcare workers.

The Role of Single-Nucleotide Variants of , and Genes in the Comorbidity of Arterial Hypertension and Tension-Type Headache.

Patients with tension-type headache (TTH) have an increased risk of developing arterial hypertension (AH), while hypertensive subjects do seem to have an increased risk of TTH. We searched for full-text English publications in databases using keywords and combined word searches over the past 15 years. In addition, earlier publications of historical interest were included in the review.