[Comorbid anxiety disorders in patients with neurological pathology: current state of the problem and the role of etifoxine in treatment strategy].

The article presents theses of the resolution of the Interdisciplinary Council of Experts in Psychiatry and Neurology (Moscow, 2024) on the issue of comorbid anxiety disorders (AD) in patients with neurological pathologies. The authors highlight the high prevalence of comorbid ADs and their significant negative impact on the course of underlying diseases, such as epilepsy, pain syndromes and post-stroke conditions. Modern approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of ADs in this group of patients are discussed.

The effect size of rs521851 in the intron of MAGI2/S-SCAM on HADS-D scores correlates with EAT-26 scores for eating disorders risk.

An association between the () intron variant rs521851 and depression symptoms, as measured by the depression subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D), has been recently reported. The role of in depression has been linked to disruptions in the gut-brain axis. In this study, we investigated the association between rs521851 and HADS-D scores in an independent cohort of 380 individuals, consisting of 238 patients with an ICD-10 diagnosis of depression and 142 healthy controls.

[Metabolic syndrome and antipsychotic therapy of schizophrenia].

The review article discusses the relationship of metabolic disorders with schizophrenia and antipsychotic therapy, the importance of metabolic syndrome for the health of patients with schizophrenia. Risk factors for the development of metabolic syndrome are considered. The metabolic side effects of various antipsychotics are characterized.

[Online phenotypes of depression symptoms are associated with polygenic risk scores of somatic diseases in a population-based cohort].

Objective: To test an associations of online phenotypes of depressive symptoms with polygenic risk scores (PRS) for selected somatic diseases in a population-based cohort.

Material And Methods: Participants in a Russian population-based cohort (=4520) underwent online phenotyping based on the originally developed questionnaire using DSM-5 criteria (DSM phenotypes) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire (HADS phenotypes). After DNA genotyping with microarrays, PRS were calculated using summary statistics from large-scale GWASs (mostly from UK Biobank) for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), coronary heart disease (narrow and broad phenotypes) (CHD), ischemic stroke (IS),diabetes mellitus type 2 (DT2) and migraine (MG).

[The role of immuno-inflammatory factors in the development of negative symptoms in schizophrenia].

The literature review assessed the data obtained over the past 10 years on the relationship between inflammatory markers and the severity of negative symptoms in schizophrenia. A systematic search of the PubMed, Mendeley, and eLibrary databases was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Of the 407 publications found, 7 studies were selected by keywords that quantitatively assessed the relationship between the concentration of inflammatory markers and the severity of negative disorders in schizophrenia.

Mental healthcare for older adults among countries in World Psychiatric Association Zone 10.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare mental healthcare services for older adults aged ≥65 years among countries in World Psychiatric Association (WPA) Zone 10.

Methods: A culturally sensitive questionnaire was developed and sent to the presidents of national psychiatric associations of the eight countries in WPA Zone 10 (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, and Uzbekistan).

Results: Psychiatric associations of six countries responded to the questionnaire (Armenia and Moldova did not respond).

Using Phosphatidylethanol as an Adjunct to Self-Reported Alcohol Use Improves Identification of Liver Fibrosis Risk.

Introduction: Accurate assessment of alcohol use informs prevention and management of liver disease. We examined whether phosphatidylethanol (PEth, an alcohol metabolite) blood concentrations are associated with liver fibrosis risk independently of self-reported alcohol use, among persons with and without HIV.

Methods: We pooled individual-level data from 12 studies from the United States, Russia, Uganda, and South Africa with PEth, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C), and fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) measurements.

Efficacy of medications for the treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD): A systematic review and meta-analysis considering baseline AUD severity.

Baseline severity of alcohol use disorder (AUD) is an influencing factor in the response to medications recommended for the treatment of AUD. The scarce efficacy of AUD medications partly justifies their limited uses. We were interested in evaluating the efficacy of approved and recommended AUD medications using generic inverse-variance, an analysis facilitating comparison between medications and placebo both at the end of the study and, concomitantly, to baseline values for the same participants.

[Posttraumatic stress disorder clinical guidelines and treatment standards: focus on the symptoms of the psychophysiological arousal].

The article describes the main diagnostic criteria and principles of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnostic with the consideration of risk factors and specific clinical features. The main biomarkers search trends and existing limitations are considered. The role of the psychophysiological arousal symptoms claster is highlighted in the clinical picture of PTSD as well as in connection with the main cluster of re-experiencing symptoms activation and slowing of sanogenesis process.

Socioeconomic Status and CD4 Count Among People with HIV Who Inject Drugs in St. Petersburg, Russia.

Lack of access to resources is a "fundamental cause" of poor HIV outcomes across the care cascade globally and may have the greatest impact on groups with co-existing marginalized identities. In a sample of people living with HIV (PWH) who inject drugs and were not on antiretroviral therapy (ART), we explored associations between access to resources and HIV severity. Fundamental Cause Theory (FCT) sees socioeconomic status/access to resources as a root cause of disease and emphasizes that individuals with limited resources have fewer means to mitigate health risks and implement protective behaviors, which ultimately generates disparities in health outcomes.

World addiction medicine reports: formation of the International Society of Addiction Medicine Global Expert Network (ISAM-GEN) and its global surveys.

Addiction medicine is a dynamic field that encompasses clinical practice and research in the context of societal, economic, and cultural factors at the local, national, regional, and global levels. This field has evolved profoundly during the past decades in terms of scopes and activities with the contribution of addiction medicine scientists and professionals globally. The dynamic nature of drug addiction at the global level has resulted in a crucial need for developing an international collaborative network of addiction societies, treatment programs and experts to monitor emerging national, regional, and global concerns.

Pilot RCT comparing low-dose naltrexone, gabapentin and placebo to reduce pain among people with HIV with alcohol problems.

Background: To estimate the effects on pain of two medications (low-dose naltrexone and gabapentin) compared to placebo among people with HIV (PWH) with heavy alcohol use and chronic pain.

Methods: We conducted a pilot, randomized, double-blinded, 3-arm study of PWH with chronic pain and past-year heavy alcohol use in 2021. Participants were recruited in St.

Comparative costs and potential affordability of a multifaceted intervention to improve treatment outcomes among people with HIV who inject drugs in Russia: economic evaluation of the LINC-II randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: The LINC-II randomized controlled trial in St. Petersburg, Russia for HIV-positive adults who inject drugs found that a multi-component intervention including initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) during admission to an addiction hospital, strengths-based case management and naltrexone significantly increased 12-month HIV viral suppression and ART retention. We conducted a comparative cost analysis to determine if the 12-month cost of the intervention is affordable within the current Russian health system.

The Mind-Body Problem in the Context of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019.

Objective: This study is to determine the possible pathophysiological parameters associated with the development of anxiety and impaired consciousness in patients with acute coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

Methods: Descriptive pathophysiological and pathopsychological data was collected from 89 patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 across 7 infectious hospitals, where 14 trainees in psychiatry and neurology collected data from December 2020 to June 2021. Contingency tables and logistic regression analyses were made to reveal associations and to detect predictors of patients' states of anxiety or impaired consciousness.

Effects of Opioid Withdrawal on Psychobiology in People Living with HIV.

Objective: Many persons with opioid use disorders (OUDs) have HIV disease and experience clinically significant stress after they enroll in abstinence-based treatment and undergo medically assisted withdrawal. We examined whether opioid withdrawal affects virologic control, inflammatory markers, cognition, and mood in persons with an OUD and HIV, and explored whether measures of withdrawal stress, such as activation of the HPA axis, contribute to alterations in immune function, cognition, and mood.

Method And Participants: Study participants were 53 persons with HIV who were admitted for OUD treatment at the City Addiction Hospital in Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation.

Pharmacological strategies for appetite modulation in eating disorders: a narrative review.

Background: A substantial increase in the prevalence of eating disorders has been noticed over the past decades. Priority in the treatment of eating disorders is justifiably given to psychosocial interventions. However, it is also well known that centrally acting drugs can significantly affect appetite and food consumption.

Prevalence of eating disorders in patients with bipolar disorder: a scoping review of the literature.

Background: Eating disorder (ED) and bipolar disorder (BD) exhibit certain phenomenological similarities rooted in eating behavior and emotional regulation. However, despite the growing body of research on the comorbidity of ED and BD, scientific data on the concurrent course of these disorders has remained poorly systematized.

Aim: To conduct a scoping review of published data on the prevalence of various types of ED among patients with BD types I and II in the context of the sex and clinical features of the concurrent course of these disorders.

Stigma and other correlates of sharing injection equipment among people with HIV in St. Petersburg, Russia.

Stigma that people with HIV who inject drugs experience negatively impacts HIV and substance use care, but stigma's association with sharing injection equipment is not known. This is a cross-sectional analysis of data from two studies of people with HIV reporting drug injection ( = 319) in St. Petersburg, Russia (September 2018-December 2020).

Interaction of Proteins Involved in Neuronal Proteinopathies.

Proteinopathy is characterized by the accumulation of aggregates of a specific protein in a target organ, tissue, or cell. The aggregation of the same protein can cause different pathologies as single protein can adopt various amyloidogenic, disease-specific conformations. The conformation governs the interaction of amyloid aggregates with other proteins that are prone to misfolding and, thus, determines disease-specific spectrum of concomitant pathologies.

Healthcare Utilization Among Persons with HIV and Unhealthy Alcohol Use in St. Petersburg, Russia.

Few studies have examined the association between healthcare utilization and heavy alcohol use in Russia among persons with HIV (PWH), a group with high healthcare needs. This study analyzed the association between unhealthy alcohol use (defined as AUDIT score ≥ 8) and healthcare utilization among PWH with heavy alcohol use and daily smoking in St. Petersburg, Russia.