The impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist on the gastric residue in upper endoscopy.

Aim: We aimed to investigate the association between Glucagon-like-peptide-1 receptors agonists (GLP1-RA) use and gastric residue on esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD).

Methods: A multicenter, retrospective study included all EGDs conducted across seven gastroenterology departments. EGDs with the diagnosis of "poor preparation" or described as a poor preparation in the endoscopist's report were considered as gastric residue.

Exploring the clinical significance of specific immune-related adverse events in melanoma patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.

Several studies have demonstrated that patients who experience immune-related adverse events (irAE) as a result of immunotherapy treatment, exhibit significantly improved outcomes compared to patients without toxicity. Data regarding the impact of specific irAE is, however, currently lacking. This is a real-world single-site cohort of 415 advanced melanoma patients who were treated with immunotherapy as first-line between 2014 and 2020, with a median follow-up of 24.

Acromegaly Disease Control Maintained After Switching From Injected Somatostatin Receptor Ligands to Oral Paltusotine.

Context: Paltusotine is a nonpeptide selective somatostatin receptor 2 agonist in development as once-daily oral treatment for acromegaly.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of paltusotine in the treatment of patients with acromegaly previously controlled with injected somatostatin receptor ligands (SRLs).

Methods: This phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial enrolled adults with acromegaly who had IGF-I ≤1.

Screening Mammography for Males With Elevated Breast Cancer Risk, Mutation Carriers, and Gynecomastia.

Introduction: The recommendations for annual mammography for male carriers with gynecomastia are controversial. This study investigated the potential link between gynecomastia and breast cancer in male carriers.

Patients And Methods: The database of a tertiary medical center was retrospectively searched for all male patients who underwent at least 1 digital mammography study from 2016 to 2023.

Establishing a Center for Innovation and Artificial Intelligence in a Tertiary Medical Center: Successes and Challenges.

Background: The field of artificial intelligence (AI) is poised to significantly influence the future of medicine. With the accumulation of vast databases and recent advancements in computer science methods, AI's capabilities have been demonstrated in numerous areas, from diagnosis and morbidity prediction to patient treatment. Establishing an AI research and development unit within a medical center offers multiple advantages, particularly in fostering research and tapping into the immediate potential of AI at the patient's bedside.

Real-World Outcomes of Inoperable and Metastatic Cutaneous Head and Neck Melanoma Patients.

Objective: This study aims to describe the overall survival (OS) and to identify associated prognostic factors in patients with inoperable and metastatic cutaneous melanoma of the head and neck (H&N) region, undergoing modern systemic treatments.

Methods: This is a retrospective single institutional study. Data on all consecutive H&N melanoma patients treated with systemic oncologic treatments between 2015 and 2022 were collected from electronic medical files.

[GENOTYPE-PHENOTYPE CORRELATIONS BY SPECIFIC FOUNDER VARIANTS IN BRCA IN ISRAELI WOMEN].

Introduction: Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) is predominantly accounted for by pathogenic variants (PVs) in BRCA1/BRCA2 genes. Population screening for recurring PVs in Ashkenazi Jews (AJ) was incorporated into the Israeli health basket in 2020, increasing the identification of BRCA carriers. Information on cancer risks for each PV in Israel is limited.

Skill, or Style? Classification of Fetal Sonography Eye-Tracking Data.

We present a method for classifying human skill at fetal ultrasound scanning from eye-tracking and pupillary data of sonographers. Human skill characterization for this clinical task typically creates groupings of clinician skills such as expert and beginner based on the number of years of professional experience; experts typically have more than 10 years and beginners between 0-5 years. In some cases, they also include trainees who are not yet fully-qualified professionals.

[ORGAN TRANSPLANTATIONS IN ISRAEL].

Organ transplantation is one of the most exciting fields in medicine. A field that combines advanced surgery, complex treatment of transplant recipients, immunology, transplant coordination, the National Transplant Center, law, ethics and more. First and foremost, there are people who are taking a risk with live organ donation and families, who in their most difficult moment, donate the organs of their deceased loved ones for transplantation.

Skill Characterisation of Sonographer Gaze Patterns during Second Trimester Clinical Fetal Ultrasounds using Time Curves.

We present a method for skill characterisation of sonographer gaze patterns while performing routine second trimester fetal anatomy ultrasound scans. The position and scale of fetal anatomical planes during each scan differ because of fetal position, movements and sonographer skill. A standardised reference is required to compare recorded eye-tracking data for skill characterisation.

Visualising Spatio-Temporal Gaze Characteristics for Exploratory Data Analysis in Clinical Fetal Ultrasound Scans.

Visualising patterns in clinicians' eye movements while interpreting fetal ultrasound imaging videos is challenging. Across and within videos, there are differences in size an d position of Areas-of-Interest (AOIs) due to fetal position, movement and sonographer skill. Currently, AOIs are manually labelled or identified using eye-tracker manufacturer specifications which are not study specific.

Comorbidities and Risk Factors of Patients Diagnosed with CRC after Positive Fecal Test in Real Life.

(1) Background: Fecal occult blood test (FOBT) is the modality of choice in most countries for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. We aimed to investigate the risk factors for CRC among patients with a positive FOBT in real life. (2) Methods: This was a retrospective study that included patients who tested positive for FOBT.

Gaze-assisted automatic captioning of fetal ultrasound videos using three-way multi-modal deep neural networks.

In this work, we present a novel gaze-assisted natural language processing (NLP)-based video captioning model to describe routine second-trimester fetal ultrasound scan videos in a vocabulary of spoken sonography. The primary novelty of our multi-modal approach is that the learned video captioning model is built using a combination of ultrasound video, tracked gaze and textual transcriptions from speech recordings. The textual captions that describe the spatio-temporal scan video content are learnt from sonographer speech recordings.

Clinical workflow of sonographers performing fetal anomaly ultrasound scans: deep-learning-based analysis.

Objective: Despite decades of obstetric scanning, the field of sonographer workflow remains largely unexplored. In the second trimester, sonographers use scan guidelines to guide their acquisition of standard planes and structures; however, the scan-acquisition order is not prescribed. Using deep-learning-based video analysis, the aim of this study was to develop a deeper understanding of the clinical workflow undertaken by sonographers during second-trimester anomaly scans.

Resistant prolactinomas: a case series of 26 patients.

Purpose: Prolactin (PRL)-secreting tumors are the most common functional pituitary adenomas. They usually respond to dopamine agonist (DA) treatment, with PRL normalization and adenoma shrinkage. Our aim was to characterize patients with prolactinoma resistant to DA treatment.

Function and Safety of SlowflowHD Ultrasound Doppler in Obstetrics.

SlowflowHD is a new ultrasound Doppler imaging technology that allows visualization of flow within small blood vessels. In this mode, a proprietary algorithm differentiates between low-speed flow and signals attributed to tissue motion so that microvessel vasculature can be examined. Our objectives were to describe the low-velocity Doppler mode principles, to assess the bone thermal index (TIb) safety parameter in obstetric ultrasound scans and to evaluate adherence to professional guidelines.