A new risk assessment model of venous thromboembolism by considering fuzzy population.

Background: Inpatients with high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) usually face serious threats to their health and economic conditions. Many studies using machine learning (ML) models to predict VTE risk overlook the impact of class-imbalance problem due to the low incidence rate of VTE, resulting in inferior and unstable model performance, which hinders their ability to replace the Padua model, a widely used linear weighted model in clinic. Our study aims to develop a new VTE risk assessment model suitable for Chinese medical inpatients.

Surface Microstructure Enhanced Cryogenic Infrared Light Emitting Diodes for Semiconductor Broadband Upconversion.

Broadband upconversion has various applications in solar photovoltaic, infrared and terahertz detection imaging, and biomedicine. The low efficiency of the light-emitting diodes (LEDs) limits the broadband upconversion performance. In this paper, we propose to use surface microstructures to enhance the electroluminescence efficiency (ELE) of LEDs.

Fast detection of protein kinase B in chrysin treated colorectal cancer cells using a novel multicore microfiber biosensor.

Rapid and accurate determination of target proteins in cells provide essential diagnostic information for early detection of diseases, evaluation of drug responses, and the study of pathophysiological mechanisms. Traditional Western blotting method has been used for the determination, but it is complex, time-consuming, and semi-quantitative. Here, a tapered seven-core fiber (TSCF) biosensor was designed and fabricated.

A Multiform Heterogeneity Framework for Alzheimer's Disease Based on Multimodal Neuroimaging.

Understanding the heterogeneity of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is crucial for advancing precision medicine specifically tailored to this disorder. Recent research has deepened our understanding of AD heterogeneity, yet translating these insights from bench to bedside via neuroimaging heterogeneity frameworks presents significant challenges. In this review, we systematically revisit prior studies and summarize the existing methodology of data-driven neuroimaging studies for AD heterogeneity.

Safe controller design for circular motion of a bicycle robot using control Lyapunov function and control barrier function.

This paper investigates the safety control problem of a bicycle robot with front-wheel drive and without a trail or mechanical regulator during circular motion. Constraints on the drive angular speed necessary for the bicycle to achieve circular motion are proposed. In practical robot systems, bounded input disturbances are inevitable.

Elucidating subcellular architecture and dynamics at isotropic 100-nm resolution with 4Pi-SIM.

Three-dimensional structured illumination microscopy (3D-SIM) provides excellent optical sectioning and doubles the resolution in all dimensions compared with wide-field microscopy. However, its much lower axial resolution results in blurred fine details in that direction and overall image distortion. Here we present 4Pi-SIM, a substantial revamp of IS that synergizes 3D-SIM with interferometric microscopy to achieve isotropic optical resolution through interference in both the illumination and detection wavefronts.

Regulation of XOR function of reduced human L2/3 pyramidal neurons.

The apical dendrites of human L2/3 pyramidal neurons are capable of performing XOR computation by modulating the amplitude of dendritic calcium action potentials (dCaAPs) mediated by calcium ions. What influences this particular function? There is still no answer to this question. In this study, we employed a rational and feasible reduction method to successfully derive simplified models of human L2/3 pyramidal neurons while preserving their detailed functional properties.

Exploring the impact of parent-child contact, future orientation, and self-esteem on students' learning behavior: A mediation analysis.

Introduction: The interaction between parents and children is a crucial determinant of adolescents' learning behavior, future orientation, and self-esteem. Moreover, positive relationships between parents and students significantly enhance these factors, promoting better academic and personal development outcomes.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effects of parent-child contact on learning behavior, with future orientation and self-esteem serving as mediating factors.

Terahertz scanning near-field optical microscopy for biomedical detection: Recent advances, challenges, and future perspectives.

Terahertz (THz) radiation is widely recognized as a non-destructive, label-free, and highly- sensitive tool for biomedical detections. Nevertheless, its application in precision biomedical fields faces challenges due to poor spatial resolution caused by intrinsically long wavelength characteristics. THz scanning near-field optical microscopy (THz-SNOM), which surpasses the Rayleigh criterion, offers micrometer and nanometer-scale spatial resolution, making it possible to perform precise bioinspection with THz imaging.

Field-Induced Polarization Rotation in Order-Disorder (K,Na)NbO-Based Ferroelectrics.

Phase boundary is highly recognized for its capability in engineering various physical properties of ferroelectrics. Here, field-induced polarization rotation is reported in a high-performance (K, Na)NbO-based ferroelectric system at the rhombohedral-tetragonal phase boundary. First, the lattice structure is examined from both macroscopic and local scales, implementing Rietveld refinement and pair distribution function analysis, respectively.

Theoretical analysis of neuronal network's response under different stimulus.

Neuromodulation plays a critical role in the normal physiological functions of organisms. With advancements in science and technology, neuromodulation has expanded into various fields. For instance, in the field of engineering, in vitro-cultured neural networks are utilized to perform closed-loop control for achieving complex functionalities.

Seeding Control in Chirality Triggering of Red-Emitting Organic Charge-Transfer Cocrystal Helixes from Achiral Molecules.

Supramolecular chirality has gained immense attention for great potential, in which the rational engineering strategy facilitates unique helical stacking/assembly, high chiroptical behavior, and prime biomedical activity. In this study, we reported a novel chiral organic donor-acceptor cocrystal based on asymmetrical components of benzo()naphtho(1,2-)thiophene (BNT) and 9-oxo-9H-indeno(1,2-)pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile (DCAF) that exhibited red emission using a simple solution approach. During the self-assembly, a kinetically controlled growth of polar solvent or substrate induction led to the chiral packing and helical morphology twisted by the cooperation of electrostatic potential energy and chirality.

Optimising the paradigms of human AI collaborative clinical coding.

Automated clinical coding (ACC) has emerged as a promising alternative to manual coding. This study proposes a novel human-in-the-loop (HITL) framework, CliniCoCo. Using deep learning capacities, CliniCoCo focuses on how such ACC systems and human coders can work effectively and efficiently together in real-world settings.

Text-guided Image Restoration and Semantic Enhancement for Text-to-Image Person Retrieval.

The goal of Text-to-Image Person Retrieval (TIPR) is to retrieve specific person images according to the given textual descriptions. A primary challenge in this task is bridging the substantial representational gap between visual and textual modalities. The prevailing methods map texts and images into unified embedding space for matching, while the intricate semantic correspondences between texts and images are still not effectively constructed.

A mammary gland secretion function exploratory study based on a quantitative comparison between milk and serum.

Lactation is a complex physiological process, and the knowledge about the secretion of many milk components is limited. The objective of this study was to explore the secretory function of human mammary glands through a comparative analysis of common clinical indicators in serum and milk. Milk and serum samples were collected from lactating women simultaneously, and titers of common biochemical components were determined using an automated biochemical analyzer.

A balanced mind: Awe fosters equanimity via temporal distancing.

Awe has been shown to promote well-being through various mechanisms (see Monroy & Keltner, 2023). In this research, we propose a novel perspective for the well-being benefits of awe: Awe fosters equanimity-a balanced state of mind toward all experiences of any valence-and we document how this works, namely, through temporal distancing. Across seven studies, using a combination of experiments, big data analytics, and intervention methods, we provide support for our hypotheses.

Relationship between autism spectrum disorder and peripapillary intraretinal layer thickness: a pediatric retrospective cross-sectional study.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often presents with atypical visual processing, prompting investigation into its connection with retinal features. This study aimed to (I) compare intraretinal layer thickness in the peripapillary region between ASD and neurotypical (NT) groups, (II) assess associations between intraretinal layer thickness and clinical parameters (social functioning and cognitive levels) in ASD subjects, and (III) evaluate the potential of intraretinal layer thickness as a biomarker for ASD.

Methods: Participants were recruited through convenience sampling from the Children's Mental Health Research Center at The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and the Department of Ophthalmology at The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China, between December 2019 and August 2023.

Identification of pregnancy in women based on fingertip pulse using a multi-feature fusion neural network model.

This study proposes a rapid method for determining pregnancy status based on fingertip pulse signals. A finger pulse sensor collects data, which is processed into unified multimodal signals. The Bamboo-Net model, combining ResNet, LSTM, and 1D-CNN, extracts key features from time, frequency, and time-frequency domains.

Development and validation of a Prediction Model for Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Disease.

Background: Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) is a critical disease with a high mortality rate, some of the surviving patients may develop chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease (CTEPD), which affects the patient's prognosis. However, the research on the early diagnosis of CTEPD is limited. This study aimed to establish a prediction model for earlier identification of CTEPD.

Mapping the AIDS Week Health Campaign on Social Media in China: A Mixed-Method Study.

This study aimed to explore the dissemination of HIV/AIDS-related information and risk factors on social media during AIDS Weeks, helping policymakers and public health organizations understand how the public utilizes social media to formulate strategies for AIDS health campaigns better. This study used Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modeling and sentiment analysis to investigate the distribution of themes and people's reactions during AIDS Weeks. Additionally, Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) was employed to further examine the social structures, cultural contexts, and power dynamics underlying the discourse.

An efficient deep unrolling network for sparse-view CT reconstruction via alternating optimization of dense-view sinograms and images.

Objective: There have been many advancements in deep unrolling methods for sparse-view computed tomography (SVCT) reconstruction. These methods combine model-based and deep learning-based reconstruction techniques, improving the interpretability and achieving significant results. However, they are often computationally expensive, particularly for clinical raw projection data with large sizes.

Lesion filling index predicts brain arteriovenous malformation obliteration after Gamma knife radiosurgery: a hemodynamic analysis.

Hemodynamics significantly influences the clinical outcomes of brain arteriovenous malformations (AVM). This study aimed to determine if the lesion filling index (LFI), obtained via quantitative digital subtraction angiography (QDSA), can predict complete complete obliteration after Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS). We retrospectively reviewed AVM patients who underwent GKRS and DSA exams from 2011 to 2021.

The effects of two Alzheimer's disease related genes and in healthy young adults: An attentional blink study.

Background: Genetic risk factors start to affect the brain and behavior in Alzheimer's disease (AD) before clinical symptoms occur. Although AD is mainly associated with memory deficits, attention and executive dysfunctions can present at the early presymptomatic stages in middle age for those with non-modifiable risks.

Objective: Here, we investigated whether known risk genes for AD already affected attention in young adulthood.

[Tooth Design of Ophthalmic Microsurgical Forceps Based on Minimum Slip Force].

This study proposed the use of the minimum slip force as an indicator to measure the clamping ability of microsurgical forceps. By analyzing the minimum slip forces of four typical tooth types of microsurgical forceps, the clamping capacity of each type was evaluated. Among the existing tooth forms, the staggered tooth type exhibited a relatively large minimum slip force.