Genetic Nurture Effects on Type 2 Diabetes Among Chinese Han Adults: A Family-Based Design.

: Genes and environments were transmitted across generations. Parents' genetics influence the environments of their offspring; these two modes of inheritance can produce a genetic nurture effect, also known as indirect genetic effects. Such indirect effects may partly account for estimated genetic variance in T2D.

GRAMMAR-Lambda Delivers Efficient Understanding of the Genetic Basis for Head Size in Catfish.

The shape of the skull plays a crucial role in the evolution and adaptation of species to their environments. In the case of aquaculture fish, the size of the head is also an important economic trait, as it is linked to fillet yield and ornamental value. This study applies our GRAMMAR-Lambda method to perform a genome-wide association study analysis on loci related to head size in catfish.

L-Theanine Extends the Lifespan of by Reducing the End Products of Advanced Glycosylation.

L-theanine, a non-protein amino acid naturally occurring in tea leaves, is recognized for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. Despite its known benefits, the mechanisms by which L-theanine influences lifespan extension remain poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of L-theanine on the lifespan of and explored the underlying mechanisms.

Risk factors for lymphatic leakage following radical cystectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Background: Lymphatic leakage is a common complication after radical cystectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).This study aimed to investigate the risk factors contributing to postoperative lymphatic leakage in patients with MIBC.

Materials And Methods: A total of 534 patients undergoing radical cystectomy and PLND were enrolled in the retrospective study at Peking University Third Hospital from January 2010 to July 2023.

Effects of subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy on mtDNA methylation in the brain of rat offspring.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the impact of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) during pregnancy on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) methylation in the brain tissues of rat offspring.

Materials And Methods: Sixteen SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group (CON) and SCH group. BS-seq sequencing was used to analyze mtDNA methylation levels in the offspring's brain tissues; the 2,7-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) probe method was employed to detect reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in brain tissues; electron microscopy was utilized to observe the mitochondrial structure in the hippocampal tissues of the offspring.

The prognostic value of systemic inflammation response index in digestive system carcinomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Digestive system carcinomas (DSC) constitute a significant proportion of solid tumors, with incidence rates rising steadily each year. The systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) has been identified as a potential prognostic marker for survival in various types DSC. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of SIRI in patients with DSC.

[Severe malnutrition during pregnancy complicated with acute pyelonephritis causing sepsis, refractory septic shock and multiple organ failure: A case report].

This study reports the diagnosis and treatment of a 26-year-old pregnant woman with severe malnutrition combined with acute pyelonephritis causing sepsis, refractory septic shock and multiple organ failure. A female patient, 26 years old, was admitted to hospital mainly due to "menelipsis for more than 19 weeks, nausea and vomiting for 20 days, fever with fatigue for 3 days". At the end of 19 weeks of intrauterine pregnancy, the patient presented with fever accompanied by urinary tract irritation.

[Association between weight-adjusted waist index and pain: A cross-sectional study].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) and acute, subacute pain or chronic pain among American adults.

Methods: There was a cross-sectional study. Data from the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) concerning waist circumference, weight, pain status and covariates (age, gender, race, marital status, education level and income, physical activity, alcohol consumption, smoking status, and diabetes) were extracted for analysis.

[Microneedle combined with photodynamic therapy in the treatment of oral leukoplakia].

Objective: To explore whether microneedle pretreatment can significantly improve the efficacy and safety of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the treatment of oral leukoplakia.

Methods: A non-randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted. Patients with clinical and pathological diagnosis of oral leukoplakia in the Department of Oral Mucosa, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology were divided into experimental group and control group.

[Evaluation of micro crestal flap-alveolar ridge preservation following extraction of mandibular molars with severe periodontitis].

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and radiographic efficacy of micro crestal flap-alveolar ridge preservation following extraction of mandibular molars with severe periodontitis compared with natural healing, and to preliminarily propose the surgical indication.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data from patients with mandibular molars with severe periodontitis either receiving micro crestal flap-alveolar ridge preservation (MCF-ARP group) or undergoing natural healing in department of periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from September 2013 to June 2021. Cone-beam computed tomography scannings performed before/immediately after extraction (as baseline) and repeated before implantation (after the extraction socket healing) were used to measure the ridge width, height and volumetric changes of the sockets, and the proportion of guided bone regeneration (GBR) during implant therapy were compared between the two groups.

Assessing the Causal Relationships Between Lipid Species and Stroke by Using Mendelian Randomization.

Circulating lipids and changes in lipid profiles have long been associated with the development of stroke but causal relationships remain unclear.In this study, we aimed to assess the causal relationships between lipid species and multiple stroke phenotypes to inform stroke prevention and treatment strategies. We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis using data from genome-wide association studies.

A multimodal transformer system for noninvasive diabetic nephropathy diagnosis via retinal imaging.

Differentiating between diabetic nephropathy (DN) and non-diabetic renal disease (NDRD) without a kidney biopsy remains a major challenge, often leading to missed opportunities for targeted treatments that could greatly improve NDRD outcomes. To reform the traditional biopsy-all diagnostic paradigm and avoid unnecessary biopsy, we developed a transformer-based deep learning (DL) system for detecting DN and NDRD upon non-invasive multi-modal data of fundus images and clinical characteristics. Our Trans-MUF achieved an AUC of 0.

Haemaphysalis longicornis subolesin controls the infection and transmission of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus.

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV) is an emerging tick-borne disease with a high mortality rate. Haemaphysalis longicornis is the primary reservoir and vector of SFTSV. Here, we found that targeting subolesin (SUB), an anti-tick vaccine candidate, affects the infection and transmission of SFTSV in H.

Single-cell chromatin accessibility landscape profiling reveals the diversity of epigenetic regulation in the rat nervous system.

The mammalian nervous system controls complex functions through highly specialized and interacting structures. Single-cell sequencing can provide information on cell-type-specific chromatin structure and regulatory elements, revealing differences in chromatin organization between different cell types and their potential roles of these differences in brain function. Here, we generated a chromatin accessibility dataset through single-cell ATAC-seq of 174,593 high-quality nuclei from 16 adult rat brain regions.

Mechanisms of RCD-1 pore formation and membrane bending.

Regulator of cell death-1 (RCD-1) governs the heteroallelic expression of RCD-1-1 and RCD-1-2, a pair of fungal gasdermin (GSDM)-like proteins, which prevent cytoplasmic mixing during allorecognition and safeguard against mycoparasitism, genome exploitation, and deleterious cytoplasmic elements (e.g., senescence plasmids) by effecting a form of cytolytic cell death.

An adaptive Bayesian randomized controlled trial of traditional Chinese medicine in progressive pulmonary fibrosis: Rationale and study design.

Progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) is a progressive and lethal condition with few effective treatment options. Improvements in quality of life for patients with PPF remain limited even while receiving treatment with approved antifibrotic drugs. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has the potential to improve cough, dyspnea and fatigue symptoms of patients with PPF.

Classification of kinesiophobia in patients after cardiac surgery under extracorporeal circulation in China: latent profile and influencing factors analysis from a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To investigate the potential classification of kinesiophobia in patients after cardiac surgery under extracorporeal circulation from a psychosocial perspective, and analyse the characteristic differences among different latent levels of patients.

Study Design: This is a cross-sectional study of Chinese adults after cardiac surgery under extracorporeal circulation, aged 18 years and older, recruited from a tertiary hospital in North China.

Methods: This study uses latent profile analysis to identify potential classifications of kinesiophobia in questionnaires from 348 patients undergoing cardiac surgery under extracorporeal circulation.

Calycosin extracted from Astragali Radix reduces NETs formation to improve renal fibrosis via TLR4/NF-κB pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Astragali Radix (A. Radix) is the dry root of the leguminous plants Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch) Beg. var.

Hepatocellular CMPK2 promotes the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

Background & Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), a progressive subtype of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), has limited pharmacological treatment options. Therefore, we aimed to identify novel therapeutic targets.

Methods: The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and human liver tissues obtained from patients with MASH were used to identify differentially expressed genes in MASH.

Roles of NLRC4 inflammasome in neurological disorders: Mechanisms, implications, and therapeutic potential.

The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family caspase recruitment domain containing 4 (NLRC4) inflammasome, a vital component of the innate immune system, is known for defending against bacterial infections. However, recent insights have revealed its significant impact on neurological disorders. This comprehensive review discussed the mechanisms underlying the activation and regulation of the NLRC4 inflammasome, highlighting the complexity of its response to cellular stress and damage signals.

Sand and dust storms: a growing global health threat calls for international health studies to support policy action.

Sand and dust storms increasingly threaten global environmental and public health. To date, 150 countries are directly affected, with more than 100 classified as non-dust source regions. With climate change, these storms are expected to become more frequent and severe.

Comparative proteomic landscapes elucidate human preimplantation development and failure.

Understanding mammalian preimplantation development, particularly in humans, at the proteomic level remains limited. Here, we applied our comprehensive solution of ultrasensitive proteomic technology to measure the proteomic profiles of oocytes and early embryos and identified nearly 8,000 proteins in humans and over 6,300 proteins in mice. We observed distinct proteomic dynamics before and around zygotic genome activation (ZGA) between the two species.