Total immunoglobulin E levels in induced sputum reflect asthma control status.

Background: Most patients with severe asthma are sensitized to at least one allergen. Whether local immunoglobulin E (IgE) in induced sputum reflects asthma control status has not been investigated.

Methods: Patients with asthma were classified as well controlled, partly controlled, and uncontrolled asthma (UCA) according to Global Initiative for Asthma 2022 guidelines.

Nanocarrier vaccines for respiratory infections.

Respiratory infections continue to pose a major global health challenge, leading to high morbidity and mortality. Effective vaccines are crucial for prevention of these, and nanotechnology offers a promising approach to enhance vaccine efficacy through nanocarrier systems. This review explores recent advances in nanocarrier-based vaccines for respiratory pathogens, focusing on their ability to promote mucosal immunity against viral infections.

A randomized comparison of bencycloquidium bromide, mometasone furoate and a combination for persistent allergic rhinitis.

Background: Moderate to severe persistent allergic rhinitis (AR) poses a substantial socioeconomic burden.

Objectives: We aimed to establish the superiority of bencycloquidium bromide (BCQB) nasal spray and BCQB combined with mometasone furoate nasal spray (MFNS) over MFNS alone in adults with moderate-to-severe persistent AR.

Methods: In this multicentre, randomised controlled clinical trial (NCT05038202), adults with moderate-to-severe persistent AR were randomly assigned to receive the BCQB, MFNS, or a combination treatment, for 4-week periods.

[Research progress on the manifestations prevention and treatment of immune-related adverse events in the neuro-ophthalmic efferent system related to immune checkpoint inhibitors].

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), as a new type of targeted therapeutic drugs, have demonstrated durable efficacy in cancer treatment. However, some patients receiving ICI treatment may be affected by immune-related adverse events (irAE). Compared with irAE in skin tissues, gastrointestinal system, etc.

Hearing loss trajectory and prediction model for children with enlarged vestibular aqueduct.

Purpose: To explore how hearing changes over time and the characteristics associated with progressive hearing loss in children with enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA), and develop a prediction model for anticipation of hearing progression probability.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 48 children (92 ears) diagnosed with EVA. A total of 314 audiograms were included in the analysis of hearing loss trajectories using linear mixed-effects model.

Exome-wide genetic risk score (ExGRS) to predict high myopia across multi-ancestry populations.

Background: High myopia (HM), characterized by a severe myopic refractive error, stands as a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness globally. HM is a multifactorial ocular disease that presents high genetic heterogeneity. Employing a genetic risk score (GRS) is useful for capturing genetic susceptibility to HM.

A real-world pharmacovigilance analysis of potential ototoxicity associated with sacubitril/valsartan based on FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Sacubitril/valsartan, a first-in-class angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor, is widely used to treat heart failure. Despite its efficacy, sacubitril/valsartan inevitably causes adverse events such as hypotension, renal dysfunction, hyperkalemia, and angioedema. Sacubitril/valsartan-associated ototoxicity is often underreported in clinical studies and real-world settings.

[Factors influencing severity variability in obstructive sleep apnea and the role of fluid shift].

The variability of the apnea-hypopnea index（AHI） measured in the first and second halves of the night is significant in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome（OSAHS）. This variation may be related to fluid redistribution caused by the supine position during sleep. Eighty-nine adult subjects were enrolled.

[Feasibility of MAGIC pure tone screening in children aged 3 to 6 years].

To explore the feasibility of the multiple-choice auditory graphical interactive check（MAGIC） screening module in childhood hearing screening in children aged 3 to 6 years. A hearing screening was conducted on 366 children（732 ears） aged between 3 and 6 years. The screening methods included MAGIC, DPOAE, and acoustic immittance.

[Analysis on trend of hearing changes in infants with p.V37I mutation in gene at different months of age].

To explore the trend of hearing changes in infants with gene p.V37I mutation at different months. The subjects were 54 children（108 ears） with p.

Impaired visual attention and numerical processing in children with anisometropic amblyopia and after visual acuity recovery.

Amblyopia affects more than visual acuity. To compare the performances of visual selective attention and numerical processing in children with anisometropic amblyopia and children with normal vision, and investigate whether performance would be improved after visual acuity recovery, we performed 3 visual attention tasks (identifying number location task, numerical comparison task, and specific number comparison task) in children with anisometropic amblyopia, children who had recovered from anisometropic amblyopia, and children with normal vision in 6-8 and 9-11 years groups. The numerical processing ability, visual selective attention, and numerical distance effect were assessed by their reaction time of different tasks.

Transplantation of derivative retinal organoids from chemically induced pluripotent stem cells restored visual function.

As an emerging type of pluripotent stem cells, chemically induced pluripotent stem cells (CiPSCs) avoid the risks of genomic disintegration by exogenous DNAs from viruses or plasmids, providing a safer stem cell source. To verify CiPSCs' capacity to differentiate into retinal organoids (ROs), we induced CiPSCs from mouse embryonic fibroblasts by defined small-molecule compounds and successfully differentiated the CiPSCs into three-dimensional ROs, in which all major retinal cell types and retinal genes were in concordance with those in vivo. We transplanted retinal photoreceptors from ROs into the subretinal space of retinal degeneration mouse models and the cells could integrate into the host retina, establish synaptic connections, and significantly improve the visual functions of the murine models.

SUZ12-Increased NRF2 Alleviates Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Regulating Apoptosis, Inflammation, and Ferroptosis.

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a redox-sensitive transcriptional factor that enables cells to resist oxidant responses, ferroptosis and inflammation. Here, we set out to probe the effects of NRF2 on cardiomyocyte injury under acute myocardial infarction (AMI) condition and its potential mechanism. Human cardiomyocytes were exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to induce cell injury.

Ophthalmic corticosteroids-related adverse events: the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS) database pharmacovigilance study.

Background: Corticosteroids are extensively used in ophthalmology, particularly for treating various inflammatory conditions. Despite their effectiveness, prolonged or high-dose corticosteroid use is associated with significant adverse drug reactions (ADRs), such as increased intraocular pressure, cataract formation, and secondary infections. However, there is currently no systematic study comparing the side effects of ophthalmic corticosteroids.

Comparison of retinal vascular abnormalities in the fellow eyes of children with Coats' disease and normal subjects using ultra-widefield fundus fluorescein angiography.

Purpose: To investigate retinal vascular abnormalities in the affected and fellow eyes of children with Coats' disease using Optos® ultra-widefield fundus fluorescein angiography (UWFFA) and compare the peripheral vascular abnormalities between fellow eyes and normal control eyes.

Methods: Children diagnosed with Coats' disease who underwent UWFFA were retrospectively reviewed. Healthy eyes with complete UWFFA data were selected as controls.

Risk and protective factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in allergic rhinitis patients: a national survey in China.

Background: Several epidemiological studies have shown that allergic rhinitis (AR) patients are more susceptible to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Objective: We aim to investigate the risk factors for COVID-19 in AR patients.

Methods: A retrospective nationwide cohort study was conducted based on a questionnaire survey in China.

Application of CellSearch technique in detection of peripheral blood circulating tumour cell count in patients with head and neck cancer and its association with prognosis.

The aim of the present study was to employ CELLSEARCH technology for the detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the peripheral blood of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients, and to assess the association between CTC count and patient prognosis. In this retrospective study, a cohort of 56 patients diagnosed with HNC and receiving treatment at the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (Beijing Tongren Hospital) between December 2013 and June 2018 were selected. Utilizing CELLSEARCH technology, the presence of CTCs were detected in samples of peripheral blood from patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) patients, and CTC counts were documented.

Cerebrospinal fluid flow dynamics and volume changes are related with sigmoid sinus wall dehiscence-pulsatile tinnitus with idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Purpose: To evaluate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow dynamics and volume changes of pulsatile tinnitus (PT) patients induced by sigmoid sinus wall dehiscence (SSWD) with intracranial hypertension.

Methods: Thirty-five SSWD-PT patients coexisted with intracranial hypertension and 35, age-, gender-, and handedness-matched healthy volunteers were prospectively enrolled and performed MRI. Clinical data were collected.

Stem Cells Derived From Human Deciduous Exfoliated Teeth Ameliorate Adriamycin-Induced Nephropathy In Rats By Modulating The Th17/Treg Balance.

Background: Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome (INS) is a common kidney disease in children, and the main clinical manifestations are hypoproteinaemia, proteinuria, hyperlipidaemia, and oedema. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are involved in tissue repair, protection against fibrosis, and immune modulation but have rarely been studied in INS.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the therapeutic potential of stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) in INS using an adriamycin-induced nephropathy (AN) rat model.

Prevalence of flatfoot and analysis of plantar pressure distribution in adolescents based on body mass index: a regional study.

Background: The foot is an essential organ for human locomotion. Assessment of plantar pressure distribution could provide key clinical information on foot functions. However, the mechanism that links body mass index to injury is not clear.

DAMNet: Dynamic mobile architectures for Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) presents a significant challenge in healthcare, highlighting the necessity for early and precise diagnostic tools. Our model, DAMNet, processes multi-dimensional AD data effectively, utilizing only 7.4 million parameters to achieve diagnostic accuracies of 98.

Causal association between metabolites and age-related macular degeneration: a bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study.

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of visual impairment in the elderly population. Accumulating evidence has revealed the possible association between metabolites and AMD. This study aimed to assess the effect of plasma metabolites on AMD and its two subtypes using a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization approach.

Guidelines for the standardized diagnosis and treatment of non-specific orbital inflammation (2024).

Non-specific orbital inflammation (NSOI) is a non-infectious orbital inflammation. Although it is often considered the most common diagnosis in orbital biopsies, it is an exclusionary diagnosis that requires ruling out systemic disease or other possible causes. Its characteristics include acute orbital signs and symptoms, including pain, proptosis, periorbital edema, chemosis, diplopia, and visual impairment.