Chinese guidelines for integrated diagnosis and treatment of intestinal microecology technologies in tumor application (2024 Edition).

Intestinal microecology (IM) is the largest and most important microecological system of the human body. Furthermore, it is the key factor for activating and maintaining the physiological functions of the intestine. Numerous studies have investigated the effects of the gut microbiota on the different tissues and organs of the human body as well as their association with various diseases, and the findings are gradually being translated into clinical practice.

Clinical features and prognostic factors of cryptococcal infections in HIV-infected patients: a 10-year study from an infectious disease specialist hospital.

Background: Cryptococcosis is an invasive infection that commonly affects immunosuppressed individuals, especially patients with HIV infection. Cryptococcal infection in HIV-infected patients should be considered a major health concern because it is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of cryptococcal infections in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients to facilitate effective clinical management and improve patient outcomes.

[Research progress of type 2 inflammation-related tissue remodeling in nasal polyps].

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is a common chronic inflammatory disease with significant tissue remodeling, but the mechanism of remodeling remains unclear. Studies have shown that Type（T） 2 inflammatory network plays a crucial role in tissue remodeling and nasal polyp formation. Clinical trials have been carried out for several biological targets, and a number of potential therapeutic targets have received increasing attention.

[Olfactory neuroblastoma in children: clinical analysis of five cases].

The clinical data of five patients diagnosed with olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) who were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2012 to January 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Two males and three females aged 6.2 (5.

Alterations in the gut microbiome after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in patients with hepatitis B virus-related portal hypertension.

Background: Gut microbiota (GM) affects the progression and response to treatment in liver diseases. The GM composition is diverse and associated with different etiologies of liver diseases. Notably, alterations in GM alterations are observed in patients with portal hypertension (PH) secondary to cirrhosis, with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection being a major cause of cirrhosis in China.

Prognostic value of four immune-related genes in lower-grade gliomas: a biomarker discovery study.

Introduction: The tumor microenvironment and IRGs are highly correlated with tumor occurrence, progression, and prognosis. However, their roles in grade II and III gliomas, termed LGGs in this study, remain to be fully elucidated. Our research aims to develop immune-related features for risk stratification and prognosis prediction in LGG.

Retinal ganglion cell complex thickness in subjects with diabetes mellitus and uncontrolled hypertension in China.

Purpose: To assess the interactive relationship between blood pressure status and diabetic mellitus (DM) with ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness in elderly individuals in rural China.

Methods: Participants aged 50 years and older in a rural area of Daxing District, Beijing, were recruited in this study from October 2018 to November 2018. All subjects underwent a comprehensive systemic and ocular examination.

Bonebridge implants versus atresiaplasty in children with unilateral congenital aural atresia: A comparison study of audiological outcomes.

Objectives: To evaluate and compare audiological outcomes of atresiaplasty and Bonebridge (BB) implantation in patients with unilateral congenital aural atresia (UCAA), to guide clinical decision-making.

Methods: Twenty-seven subjects diagnosed with UCAA were included in the study. Thirteen were implanted with the BB, while 14 undergone atresiaplasty.

A Feasibility Study of HoloLens Ear Image Guidance for Ear Reconstruction.

Background: An ideal 3D cartilage framework and accurate anatomical location are the most important factors to carry out a satisfactory reconstruction of the ear. To streamline this process, we developed an augmented reality assistance system, HoloLens Ear Image Guidance, which is based on computed tomography (CT) data, tailor-made navigation kits to guide reconstruction, data processing software, and HoloLens hardware. The objective of this study is to verify its feasibility in a clinical setting.

Relationship between the length of macular Bruch's membrane on fundus photograph and myopia occurrence in pre-myopia children aged 3-6 years: A 3-year longitudinal study.

Purpose: To evaluate the occurrence and influencing factors of myopia occurrence in pre-myopia children aged 3-6 years.

Methods: This study included 204 pre-myopia (-0.50D View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Intraocular amphiregulin and axial elongation in non-human adolescent primates.

The purpose of the experimental interventional study was to examine the influence of intraocularly applied amphiregulin, a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family, on axial length in young non-human primates. It included three non-human primates (Macaca mulatta), aged 4-6 years. The left eyes received three intravitreal injections of amphiregulin (400ng/50 μl) in intervals of 4 weeks, while the right eyes received three intravitreal injections of phosphate buffered solution (50 μl) at the same time points.

Rising incidence of obesity-related cancers among younger adults in China: A population-based analysis (2007-2021).

Background: Developing countries face an "obesity epidemic," particularly affecting children and younger adults. While obesity is a known risk factor for 12 types of cancer, primarily affecting older populations, its impact on younger generations is understudied.

Methods: This study analyzed data from a population-based cancer registry covering 14.

Correlation between choroidal parameters and primary angle-closure suspect in different age groups.

Objective: To investigate the correlations between choroidal parameters and primary angle-closure suspect (PACS) in different age subgroups.

Methods And Analysis: Participants aged 50 years or older in a rural area of Daxing District, Beijing, were recruited. Swept-source optical coherence tomography was used to measure the choroidal parameters.

Combing superb microvascular imaging with shear wave elastography for risk stratification of Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) 4 thyroid nodules.

Background: It is difficult to accurately assess the risk of Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) 4 thyroid nodules due to the overlap of benign and malignant conventional ultrasound (US) features of nodules. To reduce unnecessary needle biopsies and assist clinical decision-making, this study established a dynamic nomogram incorporating superb microvascular imaging (SMI) and shear wave elastography (SWE) for the risk evaluation of TI-RADS 4 thyroid nodules.

Methods: A total of 248 patients who underwent US, SMI, and SWE with cytological or histopathological results were included in this retrospective study, and were randomly divided into training (174 patients) and verification (74 patients) cohorts.

Resistance mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies in relapsed or refractory natural killer/T cell lymphoma.

Natural killer/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL) is a malignant tumor originating from NK or T cells, characterized by its highly aggressive and heterogeneous nature. NKTCL is predominantly associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection, disproportionately affecting Asian and Latin American populations. Owing to the application of asparaginase and immunotherapy, clinical outcomes have improved significantly.

Value proposition of retinal imaging in Alzheimer's disease screening: A review of eight evolving trends.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia worldwide. Current diagnostic modalities of AD generally focus on detecting the presence of amyloid β and tau protein in the brain (for example, positron emission tomography [PET] and cerebrospinal fluid testing), but these are limited by their high cost, invasiveness, and lack of expertise. Retinal imaging exhibits potential in AD screening and risk stratification, as the retina provides a platform for the optical visualization of the central nervous system in vivo, with vascular and neuronal changes that mirror brain pathology.

Clinical characterization and long-term postoperative outcomes of retinoblastoma patients receiving enucleation and primary orbital implantation in early infancy: an observational study.

Objectives: To retrospectively investigate clinical characterization and the long-term postoperative outcomes of retinoblastoma (RB) patients receiving enucleation with primary orbital implantation in early infancy (0-6 months old).

Methods: The clinical and follow-up data of 42 RB patients receiving enucleation with primary orbital implantation in early infancy at Beijing Tongren Hospital from December 2009 to January 2020 were analysed. The average follow-up time was 83 months.

Quantitative and Aesthetic Analysis of Changes in Eyebrow Position After Subbrow Blepharoplasty.

Background: Narrowing of the distance between the eyes and eyebrows is commonly observed after subbrow blepharoplasty. The purpose of this study was to quantify the changes in brow-lid distance after subbrow blepharoplasty in Asian women.

Methods: We observed and standardized the pre- and postoperative photographs of 63 patients who underwent subbrow blepharoplasty from January 2020 to October 2022.