Current Status of Weekly Insulin Analogs and Their Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Evaluation by the Euglycemic Clamp Technique.

Diabetes mellitus represents a significant global health threat characterized by hyperglycemia caused by inadequate insulin secretion and/or insulin resistance. Exogenous insulin supplements had been recognized as a crucial treatment for achieving successful glycemic control in patients with Type 1 and most patients with Type 2 diabetes. Over the past century, substantial progress has been made in the development of novel insulin formulations, including the super-fast-acting and long-acting basal insulin analogs, of which the latter is indispensable for the management of nocturnal fasting and intraprandial blood glucose within the normal physiological range.

The Impact of a History of Different Other Cancers on the Long-Term Outcomes of Patients with Gallbladder Cancer: A Propensity Score-Adjusted, Population-Based Study.

Background: As the number of cancer survivors increases, the prevalence of the second type of primary cancer will increase. In clinical trials, patients with a history of malignant tumors in the past are usually excluded. It is unknown whether previous cancers affect survival outcomes.

The effects of daily dose and treatment duration of metformin on the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency and peripheral neuropathy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A multicenter cross-sectional study.

Aims: To evaluate the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving metformin treatment and to investigate the effects of metformin daily dose and treatment duration on the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency and peripheral neuropathy (PN).

Materials And Methods: In this multicenter cross-sectional study, 1027 Chinese patients who had been taking ≥1000 mg/day metformin for ≥1 year were enrolled using proportionate stratified random sampling based on daily dose and treatment duration. Primary measures included the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency (<148 pmol/L), borderline B12 deficiency (148 pmol/L-211 pmol/L), and PN.

Sodium citrate effectively used in shed mediastinal blood autotransfusion after cardiac surgery.

Background: We used sodium citrate as an alternative anticoagulation agent to heparin in the procedure of autologous blood transfusion with patients with postoperative haemorrhage after CPB. The aim of study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sodium citrate used in shed mediastinal blood autotransfusion after cardiac surgery.

Methods: Ninety-three patients were divided into two groups in this study.

PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitor Plus Chemotherapy Versus PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitor in Microsatellite Instability Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy versus anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy in advanced microsatellite instability (MSI)/mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) gastrointestinal cancers.

Methods: We retrospectively recruited patients with MSI/dMMR gastrointestinal cancer who received anti-PD-1/PD-L1 with or without chemotherapy and compared objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy (chemo-anti-PD-1/PD-L1 group) and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor alone (anti-PD-1/PD-L1 group). Propensity score-based overlap weighting analysis was conducted to adjust the baseline covariable imbalance.

Comparison of the efficacy and safety of third-line treatments for advanced gastric cancer: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Many options for third-line treatment of advanced gastric cancer (GC) or gastroesophageal junction carcinoma (GEJC) have been developed. Therapies including immunotherapy (nivolumab), chemotherapy (irinotecan, FTD/TPI), targeted therapy (apatinib), and antibody drug conjugates (ADC) have shown to increase the survival rates in patients, but few studies have compared the relative efficacy of these treatments. Here, we compared the efficacies of these regimens using network meta-analysis (NMA) to provide guides in selecting the best regimen and formulating a precise individualized treatment plan.

Intravitreal Injection of Conbercept Combined with Minimally Invasive Photocoagulation and Phacoemulsification Intraocular Lens Implantation in the Treatment of Neovascular Glaucoma Complicated with Cataract.

Background: Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) is a complex refractory glaucoma with a high rate of blindness. Compaq is an anti-VEGF agent that has been used in clinical NVG therapy.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effect of intravitreal injection of conbercept combined with minimally invasive photocoagulation and phacoemulsification intraocular lens implantation in the treatment of NVG complicated with cataracts.

A combination of Beers and STOPP criteria better detects potentially inappropriate medications use among older hospitalized patients with chronic diseases and polypharmacy: a multicenter cross-sectional study.

Background: Research on potentially inappropriate medications (PIM) and medication-related problems (MRP) among the Chinese population with chronic diseases and polypharmacy is insufficient.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of PIM and MRP among older Chinese hospitalized patients with chronic diseases and polypharmacy and analyze the associated factors.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in five tertiary hospitals in Beijing.

Effect of Food (Low and High Fat) on Pharmacokinetics of FCN-159, a Selective MEK Inhibitor, in Healthy Chinese Males.

Introduction: FCN-159 is a novel, oral, potent, selective MEK1/2 inhibitor in clinical development for the treatment of NRAS-mutant advanced melanoma and neurofibromatosis type 1. We investigated the effect of food on the pharmacokinetics (PK), safety, and tolerability of FCN-159.

Methods: In this single-center, open-label, phase 1 study with a three-period, three-sequence, crossover design, healthy Chinese male subjects (n = 24) were randomized (1:1:1) to receive a single, oral 8 mg dose of FCN-159 in the fasted state (overnight, > 10 h), and with a low-fat and a high-fat meal, separated by a 10-day washout.

Low-molecular-weight heparin in addition to low-dose aspirin for preventing preeclampsia and its complications: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: In this systematic review, we aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of adding low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) or unfractionated heparin to low-dose aspirin (LDA) started ≤16 weeks'gestation in the prevention of preeclampsia (PE) in high-risk women.

Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched from their inception to April 2022 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that to determine whether the combined treatment of LMWH and LDA is better than single anticoagulant drugs in preventing PE and improving live birth rate of fetus in high-risk women with pregnancy ≤16 weeks.

Bladder perforation injury after percutaneous peritoneal dialysis catheterization: A case report.

Background: Insertion of a catheter into the bladder is a rare complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD), and is mainly related to surgical injury. This paper reports a case of bladder perforation that was caused by percutaneous PD catheterization.

Case Summary: A 64-year-old man underwent percutaneous PD catheterization for end-stage renal disease.

Thyroid hormone resistance syndrome due to a novel heterozygous mutation and concomitant Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: A pedigree report.

Thyroid hormone resistance syndrome (THRS) is a rare disease characterized by reduced sensitivity to thyroid hormones. Mutations in the thyroid hormone receptor beta () gene are considered as contributing to the pathogenesis. This report describes a Chinese pedigree with THRS and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) due to novel point mutation in the 11th exon of the gene (c.

Evaluation on Effect of Acupoint Application to Treat Idiopathic Edema of Perimenopausal Women Using the Segmentation Dictionary Learning Algorithm.

This study aimed to explore the effect of ultrasound imaging in the diagnosis and evaluation of acupoint application in the treatment of idiopathic edema. In this study, an ultrasound imaging diagnosis based on the segmentation dictionary learning (S-DL) algorithm was proposed. In addition, the autoencoding algorithm (ASE) was compared with the traditional dictionary learning (DL) algorithm.

Mechanism of OTUD5 in non-small cell lung cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and migration.

Ovarian tumor protease deubiquitinase 5 (OTUD5) has been discussed as a regulator of cancer development. Herein, the current study set out to explore the molecular mechanism of OTUD5 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Firstly, the expression patterns of OTUD5, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), as well as microRNA (miR)-652-3p in cells were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot.

Dorzagliatin add-on therapy to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial.

Metformin, the first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes (T2D), decreases hepatic glucose production and reduces fasting plasma glucose levels. Dorzagliatin, a dual-acting orally bioavailable glucokinase activator targeting both the pancreas and liver glucokinase, decreases postprandial glucose in patients with T2D. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial, the efficacy and safety of dorzagliatin as an add-on therapy to metformin were assessed in patients with T2D who had inadequate glycemic control using metformin alone.

Efficacy of thunder-fire moxibustion in treating ankylosing spondylitis of kidney deficiency and governor meridian cold and its influence on TNF-α and RANKL: study protocol for a prospective, nonblinded, single-center, randomized controlled trial.

Background: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a common chronic inflammatory spondyloarthropathy. It is considered in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that the pathogenesis of AS is mainly due to Yang deficiency of kidney governor meridian and internal prosperity of cold evil. Thunder-fire moxibustion is a kind of moxibustion that is characterized in abundance in drug composition, high heat radiation, and strong penetration.

Efficacy of Supercapsular Percutaneously-Assisted Total Hip Arthroplasty in the Elderly With Femoral Neck Fractures: A Meta-analysis.

Introduction: Supercapsular Percutaneously-Assisted Total Hip (SuperPATH) approach is a novel minimally invasive surgical technique for total hip arthroplasty (THA). This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the outcomes following THA via the SuperPATH approach in elderly patients with femoral neck fractures (FNFs), compared with those via traditional surgical approaches.

Methods: Eligible studies were retrieved through searching 7 electronic databases and manually screening related references.

Finite element analysis of new headless compression supporting screw for the treatment of unstable femoral neck fracture.

Background: Femoral neck fracture is an unsolved challenge in orthopedics. The complication rate in particular is high. There remains a lack of consensus on the optimal choice of internal fixation for unstable femoral neck fracture.

Short-term efficacy of precise hepatectomy and traditional hepatectomy for primary liver cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: As the base of hepatitis B patients has been increasing annually, it has developed into a high incidence source of primary liver cancer worldwide. The fatality rate of liver cancer is still relatively high. Among the many treatment methods, liver resection is the first-line treatment of primary liver cancer.

Case Report: Addition of PD-1 Antibody Camrelizumab Overcame Resistance to Trastuzumab Plus Chemotherapy in a HER2-Positive, Metastatic Gallbladder Cancer Patient.

amplification/overexpression is a common driver in a variety of cancers including gallbladder cancer (GBC). For patients with metastatic GBC, chemotherapy remains the standard of care with limited efficacy. The combination of HER2 antibody trastuzumab plus chemotherapy is the frontline treatment option for patients with HER2-positive breast cancer and gastric cancer.

Levels of Serum sST2, MMP-3, and Gal-3 in Patients with Essential Hypertension and Their Correlation with Left Ventricular Hypertrophy.

Essential hypertension (EH) is a clinically frequent cardiovascular disease, with insidious onset, causing increased pressure load and neuroregulation disorders in patients. Long-term EH can cause left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), which can lead to arrhythmia and even death. The soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2), matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), and galectin-3 (Gal-3) in serum plays an important role in the occurrence, development, and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases.

Anti-obesity effect and mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells influence on obese mice.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be obtained from almost all tissues and present promising therapeutic effects for metabolic diseases. Human adipose-derived MSCs (hASCs) have recently been widely studied due to their easy access and low immunity. Thus, we intended to figure out the effects and potential mechanism of hASCs on obesity in high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obese mice.

Analysis on risk factors for neck shortening after internal fixation for Pauwels II femoral neck fracture in young patients.

Background: Femoral neck shortening can occur in young patients receiving internal fixation for Pauwels type II femoral neck fracture. The risk factors for neck shortening, which can affect hip function, are not clear. This study aimed to retrospectively identify risk factors for neck shortening after internal fixation with parallel partially threaded cannulated cancellous screws (FPTCS) for Pauwels type II femoral neck fracture in relatively young patients.