Clinical application and progress in preoxygenation techniques.

Introduction: Airway management is often a life-saving procedure for patients. However, during airway management, difficult ventilation and difficult intubation are not always predictable. Preoxygenation, a crucial technique to improve oxygen reserves, plays a vital role in preventing hypoxemia during anesthesia induction.

Comprehensive Investigation of Sweroside Metabolism in Rats Using a De Novo Strategy Based on Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Quadrupole-Exactive Mass Spectrometry.

Sweroside, a natural secoiridoid glycoside derived from various medicinal plants, is known for its anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective properties. However, its pharmacological significance is not fully supported by its low systemic exposure. In this study, a de novo strategy was proposed to investigate the metabolism of sweroside in rats, including drug administration, sample pretreatment, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/Quadrupole-Exactive mass spectrometry data acquisition, data processing, and semi-quantitative analysis.

Optimal frailty assessment tool for elderly patients with heart failure based on outcome prediction: protocol for a multicentre prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Frailty significantly influences the prognosis of elderly patients diagnosed with heart failure. The assessment of frailty is a critical initial step in the management of these patients, as a systematic and precise evaluation facilitates the identification of individuals at high risk. This identification enables timely and targeted interventions, which can subsequently reduce the likelihood of adverse cardiovascular events and improve the quality of life for elderly patients with heart failure.

Efficacy and safety of eravacycline versus tigecycline for complicated intra-abdominal infections in the ICU: a multicenter, single-blind, parallel randomized controlled trial study protocol.

Background: Complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs), often caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria such as carbapenem-resistant (CRAB) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are a critical challenge in ICUs. Owing to their high mortality and treatment failure rates, there is an urgent need for effective therapies. This trial will compare eravacycline to tigecycline for treating cIAIs in patients in the ICU, aiming to provide a superior treatment option.

Impaired Sequential Working Memory in Patients With Young Onset Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Sequential working memory refers to the cognitive ability to maintain and/or manipulate a set of ordered representations within a short period. It remains unclear whether sequential working memory is impaired in patients with young onset Parkinson's disease (YOPD).

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the sequential working memory in patients with YOPD.

Critical considerations for co-administering rivaroxaban and vonoprazan: Unveiling potential pharmacokinetic interactions.

To study the effects of metabolic enzyme activity inhibition and genetic polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rivaroxaban, we established an in vitro enzymatic reaction system to screen for inhibitors, and used the UPLC-MS/MS method to detect the levels of rivaroxaban and its metabolite M2-1. Additionally, in vivo pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic studies were conducted using Sprague-Dawley rats. Human recombinant CYP2J2 baculosomes were prepared using a baculovirus-insect expression system to investigate the impact of genetic polymorphisms on rivaroxaban metabolism through enzyme kinetics methods.

Global burden of non-rheumatic valvular heart disease in older adults (60-89 years old), 1990-2019: Systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Background: Understanding the global burden and risk factors of non-rheumatic valvular heart disease (NRVHD) in older adults is important for effective disease control. We wanted to analyze the prevalence, incidence, disability-adjusted life years (DALY) rate, mortality rate, and risk factors of NRVHD in older adults aged 60-89 years.

Methods: Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019 was used as the data source.

Effect of perioperative dexmedetomidine on sleep quality in adult patients after noncardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.

Background: Dexmedetomidine may improve sleep quality after surgery, but conflicting results also exist. Herein, we explored the effects of perioperative dexmedetomidine on postoperative sleep quality in adult patients.

Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of perioperative dexmedetomidine on sleep quality after noncardiac surgery were retrieved from Cochrane Library, PubMed, and EMBASE from inception to January 12, 2023, and updated on March 15, 2024.

The Efficacy of Anlotinib Plus Whole Brain Radiotherapy in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer With Multiple Brain Metastases: A Retrospective Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of anlotinib plus whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) with that of WBRT alone in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with multiple brain metastases (BMs).

Methods: The clinical data of patients with NSCLC and multiple BMs who received WBRT between 2019 and 2022 were collected. The patients were assigned to anlotinib plus WBRT group and WBRT group according to the treatment used.

Development and evaluation of spirometry reference equations at high altitude.

Approximately 400 million people live at high altitudes worldwide, yet reference equations for spirometry in these populations are inadequately documented. This study aims to develop reference equations for spirometry and assess their applicability to residents at altitudes ranging from 2,100 to 4,700 metres above sea level. This extensive cross-sectional study encompassed healthy non-smokers aged 15 years or older living at Xinjiang and Tibet autonomous region, which covered eight high-altitude areas by a multistage stratified sampling procedure.

A biweekly DPP-4 inhibitor cofrogliptin monotherapy in Chinese patients with impaired glucose tolerance: A phase 2, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial.

Aims: To assess the efficacy and safety of cofrogliptin for impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).

Methods: In this multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial, IGT patients were randomized 1:1:1 to receive cofrogliptin 10 mg, cofrogliptin 25 mg or placebo once biweekly. The primary endpoint was the change from baseline in glucose total AUC during meal tolerance test (MTT) at week 12.

MoS-Based NH Sensor for In Situ Detection.

Detection of is essential for the prevention of gastric cancer. By detecting the metabolized NH, it was able to noninvasively reveal the state of ; however, it is still a challenge since the metabolized NH concentration is much lower for conventional gas sensors. Herein, we developed a MoS-based NH sensor for continuous, real-time monitoring of growth.

Potential impact of organophosphate esters on thyroid eye disease based on machine learning and molecular docking.

Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are widely used as flame retardants and plasticizers in daily commodities and building materials. Some OPEs, acting as agonists of the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), may contribute to the development of thyroid eye disease (TED). This study analyzes the serum and urine of patients and control groups, using machine learning and molecular docking to investigate the potential impact of OPEs on TED.

Relationship Between Perioperative Medication and Prolonged Postoperative Hospital Stay in Older Adults with Spinal Surgery: a Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Older people are prone to multiple chronic diseases and, as a result, require multiple medications. At present, there is no study to verify whether the use of high-risk perioperative medications (HRPOMs) will adversely affect postoperative outcomes in the relatively old patient. In this study, we aimed to analyze the risks of HRPOMs for prolonged length of hospital stay (LOS) in advanced-aged (≥ 75 years) patients undergoing spinal surgery.

Transdiagnostic features of inflammatory markers and executive function across psychiatric disorders.

Executive dysfunction and dysregulated inflammation are found in patients with different psychiatric disorders. However, whether there are different associations between inflammatory markers and executive performance in patients with different psychiatric diagnoses is unknown. Our study aims were (1) to compare peripheral cytokine expression and executive function in patients with bipolar disorder (BD), substance use disorder (SUD), and schizophrenia (SCZ), and in healthy controls (HC) and (2) to explore the potential association between inflammatory cytokines and executive function in different patient groups and HC.

Research on Core Competency Elements of Clinical Investigators.

Background: To construct a competency model for clinical investigators involved in the process of new drug development, providing a reference for the training, selection and assessment of clinical investigators.

Methods: The Behavioral Event Interview (BEI) method was used to interview 12 excellent clinical investigators and 8 clinical investigators of average performance. Each competency characteristic was extracted from the interview text by semantic coding.

TRIB3 overexpression predicts malignant progression and poor prognosis in human solid tumors: bioinformatics validation and clinical significance.

Introduction: Overexpression of tribbles homolog 3 (TRIB3) has been reported in various cancers, yet its clinical significance remains contentious. This study aims to elucidate the association between TRIB3 overexpression and the progression and prognosis of solid tumors.

Methods: A comprehensive analysis was conducted using data from published studies and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) up to May 2023.