Efficacy and safety of SHR8554 on postoperative pain in subjects with moderate to severe acute pain following orthopedic surgery: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, dose-explored, active-controlled, phase II/III clinical trial.

Biased µ-opioid receptor (MOR) agonists enhance pain relief by selectively activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling and minimizing β-arrestin-2 activation, resulting in fewer side effects. This multicenter Phase II/III trial evaluated the optimal dosage, efficacy, and safety of SHR8554, a biased MOR agonist, for postoperative pain management following orthopedic surgery. In Phase II, 121 patients were divided into four groups to receive varying patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) doses of SHR8554 or morphine.

Gut microbiota protect against colorectal tumorigenesis through lncRNA Snhg9.

The intestinal microbiota is a key environmental factor in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we report that, in the context of mild colonic inflammation, the microbiota protects against colorectal tumorigenesis in mice. This protection is achieved by microbial suppression of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Snhg9.

The potential endocrine-disrupting of fluorinated pesticides and molecular mechanism of EDPs in cell models.

Environmental endocrine disruptors constitute a category of exogenous compounds that interfere with the endocrine system's functions in organisms or cells. As a class of particularly representative endocrine-disrupting chemicals, the accumulation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances potentially leads to adverse health effects, including hormonal disruptions, developmental issues, and cancer. However, the classification of these disruptors is intricate, and the data on their potential health risks is scattered.

Benzotrithiophene-based covalent organic frameworks for sensitive fluorescence detection and efficient removal of Ag from drinking water.

The simultaneous detection and removal of Ag from drinking water was crucial for preventing human health, while it was also extremely challenging due to bifunctional materials that combine both Ag adsorption and detection functions rarely being explored. In this study, a benzotrithiophene-based covalent organic framework (TAPA-BTT) was synthesized and applied to detect and remove Ag. TAPA-BTT exhibited high crystallinity, a large specific surface area, and good thermal stability.

Lower limb joint reaction forces during sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit movements in stroke patients with spastic hemiplegia.

Objective: We investigated the characteristics of hip, knee, and ankle joint reaction forces (JRFs) in stroke patients with spastic hemiplegia during sit-to-stand (Si-St) and stand-to-sit (St-Si) movements and explored the relationship between JRFs and joint moments.

Methods: Thirteen stroke patients with spastic hemiplegia and thirteen age-matched healthy subjects were recruited in this study. Three-dimensional motion capture system and force plates were employed to collect kinematic data and ground reaction forces during Si-St and St-Si tasks.

RAP1 is essential for PRRSV replication and the synthesis of the viral genome.

Since its emergence, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) has caused enormous economic losses to the global swine industry. The pathogenesis of PRRS remains under investigation. The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes reproductive disorders in pigs and respiratory in piglets, which is a 15 kb RNA virus that encodes 16 viral proteins, most of which exhibit multiple functions during the virus lifecycle.

Enhancing pork meat batter with curdlan gum-guar gum composite microgels: Impact of fat replacer on gel properties, water distribution, and sensory perception.

This work investigated the effects of curdlan gum-guar gum composite microgels (CG microgels) as a fat replacer on the gel properties, water distribution, and microstructures of pork meat batters, using techniques including rheometry, SEM, and LF-NMR. Between 55 °C and 80 °C, the addition of 30 % CG microgels enhanced the viscoelastic response of pork meat batters. Additionally, the CG microgels reduced cooking loss from 18.

Improved ovalbumin accurate quantitative performance in processed foods by full-length isotope-labeled protein.

Ovalbumin (OVA) is a high-risk allergen with complex tertiary structure in food samples. Here, we developed an accurate UPLC-MS/MS-based assay to improve OVA quantitative performance in processed foods. Full-length isotope-labeled OVA proteins (OVA-I) were synthesized using stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) technique and employed as functional internal standards to ensure similar cleavage sites between internal standards and analytes.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of endovascular treatment of carotid blowout syndrome.

Unlabelled: Carotid Blowout Syndrome (CBS) is a rare and life-threatening condition that necessitates prompt intervention to prevent fatal hemorrhage. This study compares the outcomes of two primary endovascular approaches: reconstructive interventions, which aim to preserve carotid artery function using stents or balloon angioplasty, and deconstructive interventions, which involve vessel occlusion to halt bleeding. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed by searching multiple databases for relevant studies published from January 2000 to August 2023.

Coal-bearing kaolinite-based plant growth-promoting fertilizer with integrated slow-release and water-retention properties.

The development of ecological fertilizers has become crucial in modern agriculture due to the increasing global population and diminishing arable land resources. Herein, a plant growth-promoting fertilizer (UKS) with dual functions of slow-release and water-retention was prepared by combining liquid-phase intercalation method and crosslinking gel method. The physicochemical properties of UKS were analyzed and its dissolution, slow-release, and water-retention properties were systematically evaluated.

Transformation mechanism, kinetics and ecotoxicity of kaempferol and quercetin in the gaseous and aqueous phases: A theoretical combined experimental study.

The transformation and risk assessment of flavonoids triggered by free radicals deserve extensive attention. In this work, the degradation mechanisms, kinetics, and ecotoxicity of kaempferol and quercetin mediated by ∙OH, ∙OCH, ∙OOH, and O in gaseous and aqueous environments were investigated using cell experiments and quantum chemical calculations. Three radical scavenging mechanisms, including hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), radical adduct formation (RAF) and single electron transfer (SET) were discussed.

The abiologically and biologically driving effects on organic matter in marginal seas revealed by deep learning-assisted model analysis.

The biogeochemical processes of organic matter exhibit notable variability and unpredictability in marginal seas. In this study, the abiologically and biologically driving effects on particulate organic matter (POM) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) were investigated in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea of China, by introducing the cutting-edge network inference tool of deep learning. The concentration of particulate organic carbon (POC) was determined to characterize the status of POM, and the fractions and fluorescent properties of DOM were identified through 3D excitation-emission-matrix spectra (3D-EEM) combined parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC).

Effective prediction of organosilicon molecular structures and risks in aquatic environment with machine learning.

Until now, mass spectrometry databases lack molecular information of most organosilicon oligomers, and risk models needing accurate molecular descriptors are unavailable for these emerging contaminants with thousands of monomers. To address this issue, based on molecular/fragment ions and relative abundance from GC-Orbitrap-MS, this study developed appropriate classification (accuracies = 0.750-0.

Risk transmission and driving factors of virtual water flows from the perspective of China's interregional water-energy-food trade.

Changes in water, energy, and food (WEF) trade patterns may reshape water circulation patterns, leading to potential water supply and demand risks. Analysis of virtual water risk transmission characteristics and driving factors from the perspective of WEF trade is highly important for alleviating the risk of water shortages and promoting the efficient use of resources. In this paper, a set of methods for quantifying risk transmission values is constructed on the basis of China's interregional input-output model, and the key paths of interregional virtual water risk transmission caused by WEF trade are identified using innovative methods.

Perfluorooctanoic acid and its alternatives disrupt the osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis balance: Evidence from the effects on cell differentiation process.

In the present study, we investigated the effects of a representative of the per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) chemical group, namely perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and its alternatives (perfluorobutanoic acid [PFBA] and the hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid [GenX]) on bone homeostasis, a process that mainly depends on osteoblast (OB) and osteoclast (OC) activities at the cellular level. C3H10T1/2 cells and bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) were respectively induced into OBs and OCs, and treated with PFOA, PFBA, and GenX at doses of 0.25, 2.

Comparison of two in vitro methods progressed in a computer-controlled simulated digestion system to determine amino acid digestibility of feed ingredients for yellow-feathered roosters.

This experiment compared amino acid (AA) digestibility assessed by 2 in vitro methods using a computer-controlled simulated digestion system and in vivo assay for corn, soybean meal, casein, corn gluten meal, cottonseed meal, rapeseed meal and a corn-soybean meal diet. In vitro method 1 simulated gizzard digestion at pH 2.0, followed by small intestinal digestion, and the subsequent clearance of the digested product from dialysis tubing.

Smallest microplastics intensify maize yield decline, soil processes and consequent global warming potential.

Microplastic pollution seriously affects global agroecosystems, strongly influencing soil processes and crop growth. Microplastics impact could be size-dependent, yet relevant field experiments are scarce. We conducted a field experiment in a soil-maize agroecosystem to assess interactions between microplastic types and sizes.

Imaging of viral replication in live cells by using split fluorescent protein-tagged reporter flaviviruses.

The knowledge on the life cycle of flaviviruses is still incomplete, and no direct-acting antivirals against their infections are clinically available. Herein, by screening via a Zika virus (ZIKV) replicon assay, we found that the N-terminus of NS2A exhibited great tolerance to the insertions of different split fluorescent proteins (split-FPs). Furthermore, both ZIKV and dengue virus encoding a split-FP-tagged NS2A propagated efficiently, and the split-FP-tagged ZIKVs had good genetic stability.

MGB probe-based multiplex droplet digital PCR for the interspecific identification of Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix in herbal materials and preparations.

Background: Owing to high sensitivity and ability for absolute quantification, the droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) is widely used for viral and bacterial detection. However, few studies have been conducted on the application of ddPCR to identify the original plant species used in traditional Chinese medicine and Chinese patent medicine.

Purpose: In this study, we investigated the feasibility of using ddPCR to differentiate between Notopterygium incisum and N.

MPIC: Exploring alternative approach to standard convolution in deep neural networks.

In the rapidly evolving field of deep learning, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) retain their unique strengths and applicability in processing grid-structured data such as images, despite the surge of Transformer architectures. This paper explores alternatives to the standard convolution, with the objective of augmenting its feature extraction prowess while maintaining a similar parameter count. We propose innovative solutions targeting depthwise separable convolution and standard convolution, culminating in our Multi-scale Progressive Inference Convolution (MPIC).

Spent mushroom substrate: A review on present and future of green applications.

The cultivation of edible mushrooms plays a significant role in revitalizing numerous rural regions in China. However, this process generates a large amount of spent mushroom substrate (SMS). Traditional methods for handling SMS, such as random stacking and incineration, lead to resource waste and environmental pollution.

Deposition history of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in tibetan lakes indicate the effectiveness of protected area establishment.

The effectiveness of protected areas in mitigating human impacts remains uncertain due to limited in-situ data; however, atmospheric micropollutant deposition in alpine lakes may provide a quantitative approach to evaluate anthropogenic pressures and threats. In this study, the temporal changes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) inside/outside the Siling Co protected area, Tibet were reconstructed. The varying anthropogenic impact history suggested that, unlike the dominance of residential activities (i.

Tracking the optimal watershed landscape pattern for driving pollutant transport: Insights from the integration of mechanistic models and data-driven approaches.

Identifying landscape patterns conducive to pollutant transport control is of vitally importance for water quality protection. However, it remains unclear which landscape patterns can weaken the transport capacity of pollutants entering water bodies. To fill this gap, this study proposes a new framework.

Magnetic nanoparticle modified moss Biochar: A novel solution for effective removal of enrofloxacin from aquaculture water.

The presence of residual antibiotics in water constitutes a potential threat to aquatic environments. Therefore, designing environmentally friendly and efficient biochar adsorbents is crucial. Aquaculture by-product moss (bryophyte) was transformed into biochar, which can eliminate antibiotics from wastewater through adsorption.

Use and knowledge of the two FIGO systems for nongestational abnormal uterine bleeding in the reproductive years: A multinational survey.

Objective: To evaluate the worldwide use of FIGO's two systems for the classification of causes and contributors to nongestational abnormal uterine bleeding in the reproductive years by obstetrics and gynecology professionals worldwide, to identify knowledge gaps, and explore barriers to implementation.

Methods: An electronic survey was developed by members of FIGO's Menstrual Disorders and Related Health Impacts (MDRHI) Committee to assess knowledge of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) and the two FIGO AUB systems among obstetricians and gynecologists. The survey was conducted online from February 28 to June 30, 2023, and comprised demographic questions, educational content inquiries, and a knowledge assessment.