Evaluation of LiangXue JieDu Therapy in Combination With Western Medicine for Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure: A Systematic Review and meta-Analysis.

To assess the efficacy of LiangXue JieDu (LXJD) therapy in combination with Western medicine (WM) for acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). Articles on randomized controlled trials of LXJD therapy for ACLF were obtained from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, Wanfang, and China Biology Medicine databases, with the search range from database inception to March 2022. We evaluated the quality of data from these articles using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool.

Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation Increased the Risk of Developing Hepatic Failure and Mortality in Cirrhosis With Acute Exacerbation.

Background And Aims: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation is a serious condition and has been extensively described in chemotherapeutic immunosuppressive population. However, little is known about HBV reactivation in immunocompetent patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). In this study, we evaluated the prevalence and the clinical significance of HBV reactivation in CHB patients with acute exacerbations.

Factors associated with high alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and cirrhosis in people living with HIV on combination antiretroviral treatment (cART) in the Asia-Pacific.

Liver disease is a growing burden among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in resource-limited settings. As an indicator of liver disease, risk factors of high alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and cirrhosis were assessed among PLHIV in the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD). Patients on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) with a pre-cART ALT measurement and at least one follow-up ALT measurement were included.

Dynamics of Antimicrobial Resistance and Genomic Epidemiology of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Indiana ST17 from 2006 to 2017 in China.

The genetic features of foodborne Salmonella have changed in recent years as multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains have become prevalent among various serovars. The recent expansion of MDR Salmonella enterica serovar Indiana sequence type 17 (ST17) poses an increasing threat to global public health, as 24.3% (61/251) of Indiana isolates in this study exhibited resistance to three clinically important antimicrobial agents: fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin), extended-spectrum β-lactams (cephalosporin), and macrolides (azithromycin).

Antiviral Therapy for Prevention of Perinatal Hepatitis B Virus Transmission Reduces the Incidence of Postpartum Hepatitis Flare.

: Currently, there are few studies on the effect of prophylactic anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) therapy (AVT) for mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy on postpartum hepatitis flare (PHF) and the risk factors for postpartum hepatitis flare in women with chronic hepatitis B infection. : To analyze the effect of AVT on the postpartum hepatitis flare and risk factors related to postpartum hepatitis flare. : This study retrospectively enrolled hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive women with HBV DNA ≥ 10  IU/mL.

Efficacy and safety of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate or telbivudine used throughout pregnancy for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus: A cohort study.

Objective: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) use compared with telbivudine (LdT) use throughout pregnancy has not been adequately investigated. To compare the efficacy and safety of TDF and LdT for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B from highly viremic mothers throughout pregnancy in real-world settings.

Study Design: This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study.

Traceable machine learning real-time quality control based on patient data.

Objectives: Patient-based real-time quality control (PBRTQC) has gained attention as an alternative/integrative tool for internal quality control (iQC). However, it is still doubted for its performance and its application in real clinical settings. We aim to generate a newly and easy-to-access patient-based real-time QC by machine learning (ML) traceable to standard reference data with assigned values by National Institute of Metrology of China (NIM), and to compare it with PBRTQC for clinical validity evaluation.

A case-case study on the effect of primary and booster immunization with China-produced COVID-19 vaccines on prevention of pneumonia and viral load among vaccinated persons infected by Delta and Omicron variants.

Using a three-prefecture, two-variant COVID-19 outbreak in Henan province in January 2022, we evaluated the associations of primary and booster immunization with China-produced COVID-19 vaccines and COVID-19 pneumonia and SARS-CoV-2 viral load among persons infected by Delta or Omicron variant. We obtained demographic, clinical, vaccination, and multiple Ct values of infections ≥3 years of age. Vaccination status was either primary series ≥180 days prior to infection; primary series <180 days prior to infection, or booster dose recipient.

A multi-model fusion algorithm as a real-time quality control tool for small shift detection.

Background: Patient-based real-time quality control (PBRTQC), a complement to traditional QC, may eliminate matrix effect from QC materials, realize real-time monitoring as well as cut costs. However, the accuracy of PBRTQC has not been satisfactory as physicians expect till now. Our aim is to set up a artificial intelligence-based QC for small error detection in real laboratory settings.

Assessment of Clinical Features in HIV-Infected Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in China.

Objectives: We aimed to compare coronary risk factors, burden of coronary artery disease (CAD), and 1-year prognosis of people living with HIV (PLWH) and HIV-negative controls who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute coronary syndromes (ACSs).

Background: Cardiovascular disease is drawing more and more attention in PLWH since effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been available. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of PLWH undergoing PCI for ACS in China remain unknown.

Hydronidone for the Treatment of Liver Fibrosis Related to Chronic Hepatitis B: A Phase 2 Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background & Aims: Hepatitis B virus infection frequently leads to liver fibrosis and is the leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis in Asia Pacific. Pirfenidone is approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and hydronidone is a novel structural modification of pirfenidone with the aim of reducing hepatoxicity. We aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of hydronidone in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB)-associated liver fibrosis.

Associations of toluidine red unheated serum test response to the treatment of syphilis in pregnancy and congenital syphilis: a 10-year real-world study.

Background: So far, there is a paucity of real-world data on the syphilis serological responses to the first-line treatment during pregnancy, and there is no relevant study on the necessity of anti-syphilis treatment during pregnancy for those patients who have been treated for syphilis before pregnancy for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission, which might provide valuable insight into treatment effectiveness and optimal management of pregnant women with syphilis.

Methods: A retrospective study on 10 years of real-world data was performed for accumulative 410 Chinese pregnant women with syphilis. The descriptive statistics were conducted in the study, and toluidine red unheated serum test (TRUST) titer responses to penicillin treatment in syphilis-infected pregnant women, and the associations with congenital syphilis were investigated.

Profile of the Lower Respiratory Tract Microbiome in Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome and Lung Disease.

Once an human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individual enters the onset period, a variety of opportunistic infections may occur, affecting various systems and organs throughout the body, due to the considerable reduction in the body's immune function. The objectives of this study were to explore the relationship between immune status and microbial communities in the lungs of individuals with HIV infection. A total of 88 patients with lung disease [80 (91%) HIV-positive and 8 (9%) HIV-negative] were enrolled in our study between January and July 2018, and 88 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples were obtained during bronchoscopy.

Effect of semaglutide and liraglutide in individuals with obesity or overweight without diabetes: a systematic review.

Background & Objective: Although data on the effects of liraglutide and semaglutide in patients with diabetes have been reviewed, their therapeutic outcomes in obese/overweight individuals without diabetes have not been summarized. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate their effects on the latter population.

Methods: We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, CNKI, and Wanfang databases.

Prognostic models for outcome prediction in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated by systemic therapy: a systematic review and critical appraisal.

Objective: To describe and analyze the predictive models of the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing systemic treatment.

Design: Systematic review.

Data Sources: PubMed and Embase until December 2020 and manually searched references from eligible articles.

High levels of C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR) are associated with a poor prognosis in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in early stage.

C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR) can be used to assess the prognosis of various diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between CAR on the prognosis of patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS). This study included 155 SFTS patients from the Public Health Clinical Center of Dalian from January to December 2021.

NTF2 Upregulation in HNSCC: a Predictive Marker and Potential Therapeutic Target Associated With Immune Infiltration.

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a type of malignant tumor with an increasing incidence worldwide and a meager 5-year survival rate. It is known that nuclear transporter factor 2 (NTF2) transports related proteins into the nucleus physiologically. However, the role of NTF2 in HNSCC remains unclear.

Antiviral Therapy for a Postpartum Flare in Women with Chronic HBV Infection Shortens the ALT Recovery Time and Reduces Hepatitis Re-Flare Rates within 4 years.

Background: Few studies explored whether anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) therapy should be initiated during postpartum hepatitis flare.

Aim: This study aimed to analyze the effect of anti-HBV therapy on postpartum hepatitis flare and evaluate the prognosis within 4 years postpartum.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive pregnant women with HBV DNA ≥ 10 IU/mL.

Impact of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer on mother-to-infant transmission in women with chronic HBV infection.

Background And Aims: In vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) may increase the risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV). The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact and safety of IVF-ET on MTCT in women with chronic HBV infection (CHB).

Methods: The data of 298 women who got pregnant by IVF-ET and their 375 children were collected retrospectively.

Pathway of Cell Death and Its Role in Virus Infection.

The global pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 in the past 2 years has aroused great attention to infectious diseases, and emerging virus outbreaks have brought huge challenges to the global health system. Viruses are specific pathogens that completely rely on host cells for their own survival and disease transmission. At present, a growing number of studies have proved that inducing the death of virus-infected cells can prevent the spread of virus and promote disease recovery.

Brown adipose tissue activation with ginsenoside compound K ameliorates polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background And Purpose: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common metabolic and endocrine disease affecting women of reproductive age. Due to its complex aetiology, there is no currently effective cure for PCOS. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity is significantly decreased in PCOS patients, and BAT activation has beneficial effects in animal models of PCOS.

Effect of a single sub-dose of ketamine on postoperative fatigue syndrome in colorectal cancer patients undergoing radical laparoscopic surgery: A double-blind, pilot study.

Background: This study aimed at examining the effect of a single sub-anesthetic dose of ketamine on postoperative fatigue syndrome (POFS) in patients undergoing radical laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: This prospective, double-blind, pilot study enrolled patients scheduled for radical laparoscopic surgery for CRC under general anesthesia. Eligible patients were randomized into the placebo and ketamine groups.

BMI as a predictor of high fasting blood glucose among people living with HIV in the Asia-Pacific region.

Background: Non-Asian body mass index (BMI) classifications are commonly used as a risk factor for high fasting blood glucose (FBG). We investigated the incidence and factors associated with high FBG among people living with HIV in the Asia-Pacific region, using a World Health Organization BMI classification specific to Asian populations.

Methods: This study included people living with HIV enrolled in a longitudinal cohort study from 2003 to 2019, receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), and without prior tuberculosis.