The Immediate Intramedullary Nailing Surgery Increased the Mitochondrial DNA Release That Aggravated Systemic Inflammatory Response and Lung Injury Induced by Elderly Hip Fracture.

Conventional concept suggests that immediate surgery is the optimal choice for elderly hip fracture patients; however, few studies focus on the adverse effect of immediate surgery. This study aims to examine the adverse effect of immediate surgery, as well as to explore the meaning of mtDNA release after trauma. In the experiment, elderly rats, respectively, received hip fracture operations or hip fracture plus intramedullary nail surgery.

Comparison of Functional and Radiological Outcomes Between Two Posterior Approaches in the Treatment of Multilevel Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy.

Background: Posterior cervical decompression is an accepted treatment for multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). Each posterior technique has its own advantages and disadvantages. In the present study, we compared the functional and radiological outcomes of expansive hemilaminectomy and laminoplasty with mini titanium plate in the treatment of multilevel CSM.

Percutaneous Nucleoplasty Using Coblation Technique for the Treatment of Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain: 5-year Follow-up Results.

Background: This study evaluated the efficacy of percutaneous nucleoplasty using coblation technique for the treatment of chronic nonspecific low back pain (LBP), after 5 years of follow-up.

Methods: From September 2004 to November 2006, 172 patients underwent percutaneous nucleoplasty for chronic LBP in our department. Forty-one of these patients were followed up for a mean period of 67 months.

Treatment with a neutralising anti-rat interleukin-17 antibody after multiple-trauma reduces lung inflammation.

Background: It has been well recognised that a deficit of numbers and function of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) cells (Treg) is attributed to the development of autoimmune diseases and inflammatory diseases; additionally, IL-17-producing cells (Th17) have a pro-inflammatory role. The balance between Th17 and Treg may be essential for maintaining immune homeostasis and has long been thought as one of the important factors in the development/prevention of autoimmune diseases and inflammatory diseases. In our previous research, we explored that cytokines (IL-17) and the balance of Treg/Th17 had a significant relevance with tissue (lung) inflammation and injury in acute-phase after multiple-trauma.

External Fixation combined with Limited Internal Fixation versus Open Reduction Internal Fixation for Treating Ruedi-Allgower Type III Pilon Fractures.

Background: The optimal treatment of type III pilon fractures remains controversial. Hence, we performed this study to investigate whether open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) is superior to external fixations combined with limited internal fixations (EFLIF).

Material And Methods: From January 2012 to October 2013, a total of 78 patients were included.

Resveratrol attenuates spinal cord injury-induced inflammatory damage in rat lungs.

Spinal cord injury (SCI)-induced systemic inflammatory response affects multiple organs outside the spinal cord. Treatment options for such complications are lacking. We studied the potential protective effects of resveratrol on SCI-induced inflammatory damage in rat lungs.

Anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory functions of artemisinin and its derivatives.

Artemisinin and its derivatives are widely used in the world as the first-line antimalarial drug. Recently, growing evidences reveal that artemisinin and its derivatives also possess potent anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory properties. Meanwhile, researchers around the world are still exploring the unknown bioactivities of artemisinin derivatives.

Effect of percutaneous nucleoplasty with coblation on phospholipase A2 activity in the intervertebral disks of an animal model of intervertebral disk degeneration: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: This randomized controlled trial was carried out to (1) evaluate the effect of nucleoplasty with coblation on the PLA2 activity in the degenerative intervertebral disks of an animal model and (2) explore the possible therapeutic mechanism of coblation in addition to the current theory, which focuses on decreasing the intradiskal pressure in the treatment of intervertebral disk degeneration.

Methods: Thirty-six animal models of intervertebral disk degeneration were successfully established and then randomly divided into two groups: the coblation group (n = 18) and coblation control group (n = 18). Nucleoplasty using coblation was performed in the coblation group.

Honokiol downregulates Kruppel-like factor 4 expression, attenuates inflammation, and reduces histopathology after spinal cord injury in rats.

Study Design: Randomized experimental study.

Objective: To investigate the neuroprotective effect of honokiol (HNK) on rats subjected to traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) and the molecular mechanisms.

Summary Of Background Data: Inflammation contributes to the secondary injury to the spinal cord.

Mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns from fractures suppress pulmonary immune responses via formyl peptide receptors 1 and 2.

Background: No known biologic mechanisms link tissue injury with pneumonia (PNA). Neutrophils (PMNs) are innate immune cells that clear bacteria from the lung by migration toward chemoattractants and killing bacteria in neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). We predicted that tissue injury would suppress PMN antimicrobial function in the lung.

Ultrastructural lung pathology following brain injury combined with femur shaft fracture in a rat model.

Background: This study aimed to explore the early pathologic changes in the lung ultrastructure in rat models of isolated or multiple traumatic injuries.

Methods: Ninety-six rats were divided into a control group, a unilateral femur fracture group, a brain injury group, and a unilateral femur fracture combined with brain injury group. At 1, 6, 12, and 24 hours following model creation, the rat lungs were isolated and examined under a transmission electron microscope.

Significance of Serum mtDNA Concentration in Lung Injury Induced by Hip Fracture.

Acute lung injury is the most serious and fatal complication of the elderly patients with hip fracture, but the mechanisms are unknown. Recent studies demonstrated the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release was associated with lung injury after trauma. This study aimed to examine the differential release of mtDNA between younger and elderly rats suffering from hip fracture and to investigate the possible mechanism of mtDNA in the lung injury induced by hip fracture.

Pancreas β cell regeneration and type 1 diabetes (Review).

Diabetes mellitus, which may cause hyperglycemia and a number of complications, mostly results from a deficiency of β cell mass (type 1 diabetes) or a limitation of β cell function (type 2 diabetes). Currently, enhancing β cell regeneration and increasing cell proliferation have not only been described in experimental diabetes models, but have also been proven to improve outcomes for patients with diabetes. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms controlling the development and regeneration of β cells in the human pancreas may be helpful for the treatment of β cell-deficient disease.

Double PCL sign does not always indicate a bucket-handle tear of medial meniscus.

The discoid medial meniscus is an extremely rare anomaly. Bilateral discoid medial menisci are much more rare but intermittently reported. We report the first case of bilateral discoid medial menisci with positive double PCL sign, which typically indicates a bucket-handle tear of medial meniscus.

Cognitive impairment and 1-year outcome in elderly patients with hip fracture.

Background: Hip fracture is common in elderly patients. However, few effective studies had linked cognitive impairment to patient clinical outcome.

Material And Methods: A total of 244 elderly hip fracture patients were prospectively followed up for 12 months.

Decreased functional connectivity between the mediodorsal thalamus and default mode network in patients with disorders of consciousness.

Background: Interactions between the thalamus and the cortex play an important role in consciousness. The thalamus as a homogenous structure is less strongly connected with the default mode network (DMN) in patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC), but the roles of specific thalamic nuclei are not clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the functional connectivity between individual thalamic nuclei and the DMN in DOC patients.

An expert consensus on the evaluation and treatment of acute thoracolumbar spine and spinal cord injury in China.

This is an expert consensus on the evaluation and treatment of thoracolumbar spinal injury, established from February 2009 to July 2010. The expert consensus consists mainly of six parts with a total of 54 recommendations including the overview (one item); pre-hospital care (one item); evaluation and diagnosis (13 items); treatment (23 items); prevention and treatment of major complications (12 items); and rehabilitation (four items). This is the first time that Chinese experts have published a consensus on spine and spinal cord injury.

Treadmill step training promotes spinal cord neural plasticity after incomplete spinal cord injury.

A large body of evidence shows that spinal circuits are significantly affected by training, and that intrinsic circuits that drive locomotor tasks are located in lumbosacral spinal segments in rats with complete spinal cord transection. However, after incomplete lesions, the effect of treadmill training has been debated, which is likely because of the difficulty of separating spontaneous stepping from specific training-induced effects. In this study, rats with moderate spinal cord contusion were jected to either step training on a treadmill or used in the model (control) group.

Integrating Genome-Wide Association Study and Brain Expression Data Highlights Cell Adhesion Molecules and Purine Metabolism in Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly. Recently, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been used to investigate AD pathogenesis. However, a large proportion of AD heritability has yet to be explained.

ABCG2 regulates the pattern of self-renewing divisions in cisplatin-resistant non-small cell lung cancer cell lines.

Overexpression of ABCG2 is considered a major mechanism of cancer drug resistance. Recent studies have shown that ABCG2 can regulate the switch between symmetric and asymmetric cell division in adult stem cells; however, the relationship between ABCG2 and cell division in drug-resistant cancer cells remains to be determined. In the present study, we demonstrated that ABCG2 is involved in the cell division of drug-resistant cancer cells.

Alterations of resting-state regional and network-level neural function after acute spinal cord injury.

Object: The purpose of this study was to investigate functional alterations of the brain in the early stage of spinal cord injury (SCI) and further investigate how these functional alterations relate to SCI patients' sensorimotor functions.

Methods: Twenty-five patients with SCI and 25 matched healthy controls underwent imaging by using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) were used to characterize regional neural function, and the seed-based functional connectivity (FC) was used to evaluate the functional integration of the brain network.

A preliminary report on adjuvant analgesic efficacy of HANS in opioid tolerant patients with cancer pain.

Objective: To observe the adjuvant analgesic efficacy of Han's Acupoint Nerve Stimulator (HANS) in opioid tolerant patients with cancer pain.

Methods: A prospective non-controlled study was conducted. Opioid tolerant patients with cancer pain were enrolled and treated with both routinely analgesics and adjuvant HANS (2/100 Hz for 30 min/d, 5 d on and 2 d off for two weeks).

Hyperactive external awareness against hypoactive internal awareness in disorders of consciousness using resting-state functional MRI: highlighting the involvement of visuo-motor modulation.

Resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) has emerged as a valuable tool to characterize the complex states encompassing disorders of consciousness (DOC). Awareness appears to comprise two coexistent, anticorrelated components named the external and internal awareness networks. The present study hypothesizes that DOC interrupts the balance between the internal and external awareness networks.

Icaritin suppresses the proliferation of human osteosarcoma cells in vitro by increasing apoptosis and decreasing MMP expression.

Aim: To explore whether icaritin, a prenylflavonoid derivative of the Chinese tonic herb Epimedium, could suppress the proliferation of human osteosarcoma cells in vitro, and to elucidate the mechanisms of the action.

Methods: Human osteosarcoma SaOS2 cell line was used in the present study. The proliferation of the cells was examined using MTT assay and immunofluorescence DAPI staining.

Brain sensorimotor system atrophy during the early stage of spinal cord injury in humans.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) usually leads to severe sensory and motor deficits below the spinal lesion. Previous animal models have shown significant atrophic changes in the neural sensorimotor system following SCI. However, specific anatomical changes in the human brain following SCI remain poorly understood.