Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles alleviate diabetes-exacerbated atherosclerosis via AMPK/mTOR pathway-mediated autophagy-related macrophage polarization.

Introduction: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (BMSC-EVs) are widely used for therapeutic purposes in preclinical studies. However, their utility in treating diabetes-associated atherosclerosis remains largely unexplored. Here, we aimed to characterize BMSC-EV-mediated regulation of autophagy and macrophage polarization.

Fibroblast growth factor 23 and outcomes of atrial fibrillation: from clinical association to genetic evidence.

Aims: Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) has been implicated in the occurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF), but its prognostic value in AF patients remains unclear.

Methods And Results: A total of 35 197 AF patients with available follow-up data (3.56, 0.

The UCP2/PINK1/LC3b-mediated mitophagy is involved in the protection of NRG1 against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Available evidence indicates that neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) can provide a protection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and is involved in various cardioprotective interventions by potential regulation of mitophagy. However, the molecular mechanisms linking NRG-1 and mitophagy remain to be clarified. In this study, both an in vivo myocardial I/R injury model of rats and an in vitro hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model of H9C2 cardiomyocytes were applied to determine whether NRG-1 postconditioning attenuated myocardial I/R injury through the regulation of mitophagy and to explore the underlying mechanisms.

Machine Learning Model for Risk Stratification of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Based on Radiopathomics.

Rationale And Objectives: This study aims to develop a radiopathomics model based on preoperative ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) images to enable accurate, non-invasive preoperative risk stratification for patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The model seeks to enhance clinical decision-making by optimizing preoperative treatment strategies.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from PTC patients who underwent thyroidectomy between October 2022 and May 2024 across six centers.

Clinical value of aortic arch morphology in transfemoral TAVR: artificial intelligence evaluation.

Background: The impact of aortic arch (AA) morphology on the management of the procedural details and the clinical outcomes of the transfemoral artery (TF)-transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has not been evaluated. The goal of this study was to evaluate the AA morphology of patients who had TF-TAVR using an artificial intelligence algorithm and then to evaluate its predictive value for clinical outcomes.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1480 consecutive patients undergoing TF-TAVR using a new-generation transcatheter heart valve at 12 institutes were included in this retrospective study.

Comparison of short-and long-term outcomes between endovascular and open repair for descending thoracic aortic aneurysm: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of endovascular versus open repair for the treatment of patients with descending thoracic aortic aneurysm (DTAA).

Methods: A systematic search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for relevant studies was performed. Outcome data, including postoperative mortality and morbidity, operative details, all-cause survival, freedom from aortic-related survival and freedom from aortic-related re-intervention, were independently extracted by two authors in a standardized way.

Esketamine at a Clinical Dose Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting AKT Signaling Pathway to Facilitate Microglia M2 Polarization and Autophagy.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the protective effect of a clinical dose esketamine on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and to reveal the potential mechanisms associated with microglial polarization and autophagy.

Methods: Experimental cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in adult rats and simulated by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in BV-2 microglial cells. Neurological and sensorimotor function, cerebral infarct volume, histopathological changes, mitochondrial morphological changes, and apoptosis of ischemic brain tissues were assessed in the presence or absence of esketamine and the autophagy inducer rapamycin.

Correlation Between Prognostic Nutritional Index and Heart Failure in Adults with Diabetes in the United States: Study Results from NHANES (1999-2016).

Background: The relationship between diabetes and heart failure significantly impacts public health. This study assessed the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) as a predictor of heart failure risk in adult diabetic patients.

Methods: An analysis was performed on 1823 diabetic adults using data collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 1999 and 2016.

Rationale and Design of the InsightPFA Trial: A Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial of the Irreversible Electroporation-Based Pulsed Field Ablation Versus Radiofrequency Ablation in Chinese Patients With Symptomatic Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is gaining recognition as a nonthermal, tissue-specific technique for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). The preclinical evaluation of the investigated novel PFA system from Insight Medtech Co. Ltd has demonstrated feasibility, safety, and 30-day efficacy for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in the swine model.

Clinical features of inflammatory arthritis in daily practice-China's perspective.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze and compare the proportion of patients with different types of inflammatory arthritis and investigate the clinical characteristics, including symptoms and signs, medication choices, and disease activity, in the daily clinical practice of China.

Methods: Patients with inflammatory arthritis were recruited from 16 Grade-A tertiary hospitals between August 2021 and April 2022. The medical profiles, encompassing sociodemographic characteristics, clinical and laboratory date, were collected.

Protective effect of ulinastatin against negative inflammatory response and organ dysfunction in acute aortic dissection surgery: The PANDA trial.

Ulinastatin is a protease-inhibiting drug with anti-inflammatory and other pharmacological properties. Little is known regarding its role following acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) surgery. We perform a randomized controlled trial to investigate the protective effect of ulinastatin against negative inflammatory response and organ dysfunction in ATAAD surgery (PANDA).

Extracellular vesicle-mediated VEGF-A mRNA delivery rescues ischaemic injury with low immunogenicity.

Background And Aims: Lackluster results from recently completed gene therapy clinical trials of VEGF-A delivered by viral vectors have heightened the need to develop alternative delivery strategies. This study aims to demonstrate the pre-clinical efficacy and safety of extracellular vesicles (EVs) loaded with VEGF-A mRNA for the treatment of ischaemic vascular disease.

Methods: After encapsulation of full-length VEGF-A mRNA into fibroblast-derived EVs via cellular nanoporation (CNP), collected VEGF-A EVs were delivered into mouse models of ischaemic injury.

Percutaneous Transvenous Mitral Commissurotomy for Patients with Rheumatic Heart Disease.

Rheumatic heart disease remains common in developing countries. Current guidelines recommend percutaneous mitral commissurotomy (PTMC) as the preferred treatment for patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS). This study reports the clinical outcomes of PTMC for rheumatic MS in contemporary Chinese patients and analyzes prognostic factors.

Serum magnesium, not calcium, is inversely associated with abnormal HbA1c concentrations in adults with coronary artery disease.

Background And Objectives: Mechanism studies have indicated that magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) have important biological functions in glucose regulation, but epidemiological data on their associations with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) are sparse. We aimed to explore the associations of Mg and Ca with abnormal HbA1c, and examine the mediating effects of inflammation in coronary artery disease (CAD) Chinese adults.

Methods And Study Design: A hospital-based cross-sectional study of 11934 patients with CAD was conducted.

Total Percutaneous Transfemoral Endovascular Treatment of Non-A Non-B Aortic Dissection.

Although open repair remains the mainstream treatment for aortic arch dissection, its surgical complexity and perioperative complications are significant. We developed a novel stentgraft system for less-invasive endovascular aortic arch repair. We successfully performed a total percutaneous transfemoral endovascular repair of aortic arch dissection using a novel off-the-shelf endograft system.

Prognostic Value of D-Dimer in Acute Type A Aortic Dissection and Intramural Hematoma: Observations from the Acute Aortic Syndrome Group of the Registry of Acute Non-Traumatic Chest Pain in China.

Background: Acute type A aortic dissection (AAD) and acute type A intramural hematoma (AIMH) are life-threatening conditions with high mortality rates, and prognostic indicators are critical for guiding urgent treatment decisions. We assessed the prognostic significance of admission D-dimer levels in patients with AAD and AIMH.

Methods And Results: The prospective, multicenter, observational study in China recruited participants from 2013 to 2019.

Enzyme-independent functions of HDAC3 in the adult heart.

The cardioprotective effects of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (HDIs) are at odds with the deleterious effects of HDAC depletion. Here, we use HDAC3 as a prototype HDAC to address this contradiction. We show that adult-onset cardiac-specific depletion of HDAC3 in mice causes cardiac hypertrophy and contractile dysfunction on a high-fat diet (HFD), excluding developmental disruption as a major reason for the contradiction.

TREM2 affects DAM-like cell transformation in the acute phase of TBI in mice by regulating microglial glycolysis.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is characterized by high mortality and disability rates. Disease-associated microglia (DAM) are a newly discovered subtype of microglia. However, their presence and function in the acute phase of TBI remain unclear.

Development and external validation of a machine learning model for brain injury in pediatric patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Background: Patients supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are at a high risk of brain injury, contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to employ machine learning (ML) techniques to predict brain injury in pediatric patients ECMO and identify key variables for future research.

Methods: Data from pediatric patients undergoing ECMO were collected from the Chinese Society of Extracorporeal Life Support (CSECLS) registry database and local hospitals.

Clinical practice of one-lung ventilation in mainland China: a nationwide questionnaire survey.

Background: Limited information is available regarding the application of lung-protective ventilation strategies during one-lung ventilation (OLV) across mainland China. A nationwide questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate this issue in current clinical practice.

Methods: The survey covered various aspects, including respondent demographics, the establishment and maintenance of OLV, intraoperative monitoring standards, and complications associated with OLV.

Yes-associated protein-based detection of acute type A aortic dissection and evaluation of therapeutic responses.

Background: Acute aortic dissection is a lethal cardiovascular emergency; early diagnosis is critically necessary. Novel serum biomarkers can potentially help in early detection and estimation of postoperative outcomes. Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a critical effector of the Hippo pathway, our aim was to explore the association between YAP and the diagnosis and prognosis of AD.

Epidemiology of pulmonary embolism in China, 2021: a nationwide hospital-based study.

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) as a preventable and potentially fatal noncommunicable disease was believed to have a lower incidence in Asian populations compared to Western populations. However, the incidence and mortality rates of PE in China and the impact of venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention system constructions on PE still lack nationwide evidence.

Methods: For this nationwide hospital-based observational study, we used data from the National Hospital Quality Monitoring System (HQMS) and public database in China.

Effect of physical exercise on metabolism in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia, is closely linked to metabolic dysfunctions, including obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. These lead to pathological changes in myocardial metabolism and mitochondrial energy metabolism, thereby aggravating AF's incidence and severity. This review introduces the role of metabolic dysfunctions in exacerbating AF, assesses the therapeutic potential of physical exercise and investigates it as a non-pharmacological intervention to alleviate these metabolic disturbances.