Two-stage deep neural network for diagnosing fungal keratitis via in vivo confocal microscopy images.

Timely and effective diagnosis of fungal keratitis (FK) is necessary for suitable treatment and avoiding irreversible vision loss for patients. In vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) has been widely adopted to guide the FK diagnosis. We present a deep learning framework for diagnosing fungal keratitis using IVCM images to assist ophthalmologists.

Demographic and lifestyle factors associated with dry eye disease in China: A cross-sectional multi-center study.

Purpose: Associations were assessed between demographic/lifestyle factors and tear film breakup time (TBUT) defined dry eye disease (DED) in China.

Methods: The cross-sectional study involved 50,280 subjects (54 ± 17 y) in 217 clinics (25 provinces). Data included sleep disorders; digital screen exposure; and use of cosmetics, contact lenses, and eye drops (for asthenopia).

Whole-exome sequencing screening for candidate genes and variants associated with primary sporadic keratoconus in Chinese patients.

The pathogenesis of keratoconus (KC) is complex, and genetic factors play an important role. The purpose of this study was to screen and analyse candidate genes and variants in Chinese patients with primary sporadic KC. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed to identify candidate genes and variants in 105 unrelated Chinese patients with primary sporadic KC.

Predicting the impact of femtosecond-assisted arcuate keratotomy combined with tri-planar clear corneal incisions on astigmatism in implantable collamer lens surgery: one-year follow-up.

Purpose: To investigate the factors associated with and impact on the femtosecond-assisted (FS-assisted) limbal relaxing incision (LRI) combined with the steep-meridian tri-planar clear corneal incision (TCCI) to reduce astigmatism in patients undergoing Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) surgery.

Methods: Retrospective case series. The study reviewed patients with ICL surgery combined with FS-assisted LRIs paired with steep-meridian TCCIs.

Accuracy of 14 intraocular lens power calculation formulas in extremely long eyes.

Purpose: To compare the accuracy of 14 formulas in calculating intraocular lens (IOL) power in extremely long eyes with axial length (AL) over 30.0 mm.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 211 eyes (211 patients) with ALs > 30.

Effect of 0.01% atropine combined with orthokeratology lens on axial elongation: a 2-year randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of 0.01% atropine combined with orthokeratology (OK) lens on axial elongation in schoolchildren with myopia.

Methods: Sixty children aged 8-12 years with spherical equivalent refraction (SER) from -1.

Improving the accuracy of the SRK/T formula in Chinese with implanting less than 10 D IOL calculated by the SRK/T formula: the SRK/T-Li formula.

Purpose: To explore the accuracy of the improved SRK/T-Li formula in eyes following implantation of intraocular lens (IOL) of less than 10 D as calculated by using the SRK/T formula in Chinese.

Methods: A total of 489 eyes from 489 patients with cataracts were included in this study. These patients were divided into a training set (271 patients) and a testing set (218 patients).

The Relationship between Axis Length Difference and Refractive Error in Unilateral Myopic Anisometropic Children Treated with Orthokeratology.

Purpose: To explore the correlation between the axial length (AL) difference (myopic and nonmyopic eye) and the refractive error in children with unilateral myopia anisometropia (UMA) and to elucidate its clinical application in the process of Ortho-K lenses review following nonstop wearing.

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the data of 70 children with UMA (age, 8-15 years) whose myopic eyes were treated with Ortho-K lenses. The spherical equivalent refractive errors (SERE) of the myopic eye ranged from -0.

Safety of YAG laser vitreolysis for intraocular tissues: analysis of postoperative complications.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety of yttrium-aluminum-garnet (YAG) laser vitreolysis for intraocular tissues.

Methods: Thirty-six New Zealand rabbits were divided as follows: Group 1000 (n = 12) treated with YAG laser of 1000 mJ (5 mJ × 200 shots), Group 2000 (n = 12) treated with YAG laser of 2000 mJ (5 mJ × 400 shots), Group 3000 (n = 12) treated with YAG laser of 3000 mJ (5 mJ × 600 shots). Either a single eye was chosen as the study eye in study groups while the other was untreated as the control group.

Restoration of the Lateral Canthus and Stabilization of the Lower Eyelid After Failed Esthetic Lateral Canthoplasty.

Background: An improper procedure of esthetic lateral canthoplasty can lead to lateral canthal deformity with other complications. To ensure proper canthal contour and eyelid function, the lateral canthus must be restored and the lower eyelid must be stabilized.

Methods: This was a retrospective study that included a group of consecutive patients who had failed esthetical lateral canthoplasty between 2020 and 2022.

[Efficacy and safety of intravitreal dexamethasone implant in diabetic macular edema patients with and without prior vitrectomy: a retrospective cohort study].

To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of intravitreal dexamethasone implant (IDI) in diabetic macular edema (DME) patients with and without prior vitrectomy. A retrospective cohort study was conducted on DME patients who received IDI treatment at the Aier Eye Hospital, Beijing from March 2018 to August 2020. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether they had undergone vitrectomy or not.

Mechanical protective effect of lens anterior capsule disc on corneal endothelial cells during femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery in a rabbit model.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of a novel technique using an isolated lens anterior capsule disc (LACD) to protect corneal endothelial cells in rabbit eyes during femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery.

Methods: Experimental study. 40 rabbits were divided into endothelium-protected (experimental) and control groups, with 20 rabbits in each group.

[Clinical features and ocular manifestations of monkeypox virus infection].

Monkeypox is the most important orthopoxvirus infectious disease in humans after the extinction of smallpox. Recent outbreaks of monkeypox in several countries show obvious human-to-human transmission, which has aroused great concern around the world. Monkeypox infection can also affect the eyes.

Prevention of myopia shift and myopia onset using 0.01% atropine in premyopic children - a prospective, randomized, double-masked, and crossover trial.

Unlabelled: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of 0.01% atropine eye drops in preventing myopia shift and myopia onset in premyopic children. A prospective, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, and crossover trial was conducted over 13 months.

Posterior Segment Air Injection-Assisted Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty in Pseudophakic and Vitrectomized Eyes.

Purpose: This study aimed to present a novel technique for Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) in pseudophakic and vitrectomized eyes.

Methods: The sterile air was injected into the posterior eye segment (anterior vitreous cavity) as a barrier to prevent the fluid of the vitreous cavity flowing into the anterior chamber, levitating the iris-lens diaphragm to flatten the anterior chamber during the surgery. This approach assists in the unfolding of the donor endothelial graft, helping to perform DMEK surgery on patients with a posterior intraocular lens (IOL) and vitrectomy.

The Efficacy of Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments Lenses in Slowing Myopia Progression: Results from Diverse Clinical Circumstances.

Purpose: Defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) spectacle lenses were reported to slow myopia progression significantly in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). The study evaluated their effectiveness in clinical settings.

Design: Retrospective study.

Prevalence of refractive error among Chinese preschool children: The Changsha children eye study.

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the refractive status and prevalence of refractive error, as well as its characteristics in Chinese preschool children aged 1-6 years old.

Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study-Changsha Children Eye Study (CCES) was conducted. The prevalence of refractive errors among children aged 1-6 years old from 18 community health service centers was surveyed.

Early predictors of brain injury in patients with acute carbon monoxide poisoning and the neuroprotection of mild hypothermia.

Introduction: Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning can cause serious neurological sequelae. However, there is neither effective treatment strategy nor reliable indicators to determine the prognosis of patients with CO poisoning. The present study aimed to observe the changes of neurological function score, disease severity score, cerebral oxygen utilization (OUCc), bispectral (BIS) index and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) concentration, and to elucidate the clinical significance of these potential indicators and the neuroprotective effect of mild hypothermia on brain injury in patients with severe acute CO poisoning.

A GAN-based deep enhancer for quality enhancement of retinal images photographed by a handheld fundus camera.

Objective: Due to limited imaging conditions, the quality of fundus images is often unsatisfactory, especially for images photographed by handheld fundus cameras. Here, we have developed an automated method based on combining two mirror-symmetric generative adversarial networks (GANs) for image enhancement.

Methods: A total of 1047 retinal images were included.