Spinless topological chirality from Umklapp scattering in twisted 3D structures.

Spinless systems exhibit unique topological characteristics compared to spinful ones, stemming from their distinct algebra. Without chiral interactions typically linked to spin, an intriguing yet unexplored interplay between topological and structural chirality may be anticipated. Here we discover spinless topological chiralities solely from structural chiralities that lie in the 3D spatial patterning of structureless units, exemplified using two types of twisted graphite systems.

Stretchable Multimodal Photonic Sensor for Wearable Multiparameter Health Monitoring.

Stretchable sensors that can conformally interface with the skins for wearable and real-time monitoring of skin deformations, temperature, and sweat biomarkers offer critical insights for early disease prediction and diagnosis. Integration of multiple modalities in a single stretchable sensor to simultaneously detect these stimuli would provide a more comprehensive understanding of human physiology, which, however, has yet to be achieved. Here, this work reports, for the first time, a stretchable multimodal photonic sensor capable of simultaneously detecting and discriminating strain deformations, temperature, and sweat pH.

The challenges and strategies towards high-performance anode-free post-lithium metal batteries.

With the merits of high theoretical energy density and ease of manufacture, anode-free post-lithium metal batteries have drawn extensive attention and have been rapidly emerging in recent years. However, the poor reversibility of metal anodes has severely hindered the realization of high-performance anode-free batteries. In this review, the critical challenges and strategies for achieving high-performance anode-free metal batteries are first elucidated.

Sub-Nanometer Pt Nanowires with Disordered Shells for Highly Active Elelctrocatalytic Oxidation of Formic Acid.

Controlled synthesis of one-dimensional materials at atomic-scale dimensions represents a milestone in nanotechnology, offering the potential to maximize atom utilization while enhancing catalytic performance. However, achieving structural stability and durability at such fine scales requires precise control over material structure and local chemical environment. Here, we introduce dimethylamine (DMA) as a small-molecule modifier, in contrast to conventional long-chain surfactants, to interact with surface Pt atoms.

Epidural electrical stimulation combined with photobiomodulation restores hindlimb motor function in rats with thoracic spinal cord injury.

Epidural electrical stimulation (EES) could restore motor function of paralyzed limbs of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). However, its invasiveness limits its application in early stage of injury. Photobiomodulation (PBM) utilizes infrared light for percutaneous irradiation of the spinal cord to protect nerve tissue, delay muscle atrophy, and can be applied in early stage of SCI due to its non-invasiveness.

Long-Term Outcomes of Stenting for Pulsatile Tinnitus Caused by Cerebral Venous Sinus Stenosis.

Objective: To investigate the long-term outcomes of stenting for isolated pulsatile tinnitus (PT) caused by cerebral venous sinus stenosis.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital.

A density functional theory study of two-dimensional bismuth selenite: layer-dependent electronic, transport and optical properties with spin-orbit coupling.

Recently, atomic-thickness van der Waals (vdW) layered bismuth selenite (BiSeO) has been successfully synthesized, not only expanding the family of two-dimensional (2D) materials, but also playing a pivotal role in the advancement of 2D electronics as a high- dielectric. In this work, we systematically study the basic properties of 2D BiSeO through first-principles calculations, focusing on the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) effect and layer-dependent behaviors. The results show that SOC can adjust the bandgap of bulk/2D BiSeO from direct to indirect, with the bandgap decreasing upon increasing the thickness due to quantum confinement.

Multistage Generation Mechanisms of Reactive Oxygen Species and Reactive Chlorine Species in a Synergistic System of Anodic Oxidation Coupled with in Situ Free Chlorine and HO Production.

Electro-oxidation (EO) is an efficient approach to removing refractory organics in wastewater. However, the interference from chlorine ions (Cl) can generate reactive chlorine species (RCS), potentially leading to the production of undesirable chlorinated byproducts. A novel approach involving the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) for in situ HO production has emerged as a promising strategy to counteract this issue.

Metabolic Dysfunction in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: Current Theories and Updates.

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a disease characterized by increased intracranial pressure (ICP) without identifiable secondary causes. While the increased ICP is a critical diagnostic feature, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. Previous theories have suggested cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) overproduction, impaired reabsorption, or circulatory obstruction as potential causes.

Mechanics of elliptical interlocking sutures in biological interfaces.

Biological materials, such as beetle elytra and bird beaks, exhibit complex interfaces with diverse morphologies that have evolved to enhance their mechanical properties. However, the relationships between their geometric forms and mechanical properties remain inadequately understood. Here, we develop a theoretical model, supported by finite element simulations and experiments, to explore the strengthening and toughening mechanisms of biological interfaces characterized by elliptical interlocking sutures.

Radiomics for differential diagnosis of Bosniak II-IV renal masses via CT imaging.

Rationale And Objectives: The management of complex renal cysts is guided by the Bosniak classification system, which may be inadequate for risk stratification of patients to determine the appropriate intervention. Radiomics models based on CT imaging may provide additional useful information.

Materials And Methods: A total of 322 patients with Bosniak II-IV cysts were included in the study from January 2010 to December 2019.

Drivers of environmental externality reduction in China's electric power industry: A spatial-temporal analysis.

China's electric power industry has made significant efforts to reduce environmental externality in the past two decades. However, the extent of the reduction, the driving factors behind it, and the regional performance are not well clarified. This study constructs a comprehensive framework that integrates the impact pathway approach with index decomposition analysis to explore the driving factors behind the reduction of environmental externality from a spatial-temporal perspective.

ω Meson from Lattice QCD.

Many excited states in the hadron spectrum have large branching ratios to three-hadron final states. Understanding such particles from first principles QCD requires input from lattice QCD with one-, two-, and three-meson interpolators as well as a reliable three-body formalism relating finite-volume spectra at unphysical pion mass values to the scattering amplitudes at the physical point. In this work, we provide the first-ever calculation of the resonance parameters of the ω meson from lattice QCD, including an update of the formalism through matching to effective field theories.

Genomic insights on cgMLST markers, drug resistance, and urease cluster of strains.

Unlabelled: , a significant pathogenic bacterium within the Enterobacteriaceae family, is widely distributed across various natural environments. This study conducted a genomic comparison analysis of 1,267 strains of using extensive genome data from public databases. The objective was to elucidate the pan-genomic structure of , revealing the composition and distribution of core and accessory gene families among different strains.

[Tooth Design of Ophthalmic Microsurgical Forceps Based on Minimum Slip Force].

This study proposed the use of the minimum slip force as an indicator to measure the clamping ability of microsurgical forceps. By analyzing the minimum slip forces of four typical tooth types of microsurgical forceps, the clamping capacity of each type was evaluated. Among the existing tooth forms, the staggered tooth type exhibited a relatively large minimum slip force.

Transformation of Arsenic from Poison into Active Site by Construction of Unique AsO/CeO Interface for Stable NO Removal.

Arsenic in the flue gas has been widely reported as a common poison for SCR catalysts; however, an appropriate coping strategy is still lacking to improve the arsenic resistance performance. Herein, a unique AsO/CeO interface is constructed to transform arsenic from poison into active site with balanced acid-redox property, successfully achieving efficient NO removal. The optimized AsO/CeO exhibits high NO removal efficiency, four times that of the As-poisoned VO/TiO catalyst, and even comparable to the state-of-the-art SCR catalysts.

Chlorophyll-Inspired Magnesium Porphyrin Array Membrane for Vis-Light-Enhanced Osmotic Energy Conversion.

Osmotic energy, a renewable clean energy, can be directly converted into electricity through ion-selective membranes. Inspired by the magnesium porphyrin (Mg) in plant chlorophyll, which absorbs vis-light and promotes photoelectric conversion, we demonstrate a Mg array membrane, realizing vis-light-enhanced ion transport regulation ability and osmotic energy conversion. The Mg arrays are self-assembled by a Mg-cored block copolymer under the coordination effect of block copolymer self-assembly and Mg π-π stacking, providing chloride-selective transport channels.