Neovascularization restructuring patterns in diabetic patients with coronary in stent restenosis: an in-vivo optical coherence tomography study.

Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have an increased risk of in stent restenosis (ISR). Neovascularization (NV) is considered as a unique pathophysiology factor of ISR in diabetic patients. However, the restructuring patterns of in vivo human coronary NV and their relationship with ISR, especially in diabetic patients remain unclear.

Perceptually enhanced spectral distance metric for head-related transfer function quality prediction.

Given the substantial time and complexity involved in the perceptual evaluation of head-related transfer function (HRTF) processing, there is considerable value in adopting numerical assessment. Although many numerical methods have been introduced in recent years, monaural spectral distance metrics such as log-spectral distortion (LSD) remain widely used despite their significant limitations. In this study, listening tests were conducted to investigate the correlation between LSD and the auditory perception of HRTFs.

Combination of White Matter Hyperintensity and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predicts Short-Term Prognosis of Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients.

Purpose: To assess the value of combination of white matter hyperintensity (WMH) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in predicting short-term prognosis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients.

Patients And Methods: Three hundred and nine AIS patients were included in this prospective observational research. They were evaluated at 3-month after the onset of AIS using modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score.

N-doped porous carbon derived from different lignocellulosic biomass models for high-performance supercapacitors: the role of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose.

Biomass-derived porous carbon (PC) has been widely studied in the field of supercapacitors due to its low cost, sustainability and developed pore structure, but how to screen the precursors of high-performance PC is still a major difficulty. Herein, six lignocellulosic biomass models based on different compositions were innovatively constructed and prepared into high-performance PC by a synergistic activation-doping strategy. The results show that the synergistic activation-doping strategy has a certain universality for biomass models.

Corrosion fatigue of as-extruded Mg-xGa alloys in simulated bodily fluids with various glucose contents.

The medical devices are subjected to dynamic loads and surrounding physiological condition of the bodily fluids, which will impact the degradation behavior of magnesium (Mg) alloy implants. In this work, the corrosion fatigue (CF) and corrosion behaviors of Mg-xGa (x = 1, 1.5, and 2 wt%) alloys in Hank's balanced salt solutions (HBSS) with 1 g/L and 3 g/L glucose are thoroughly studied.

An agile multimodal microrobot with architected passively morphing wheels.

Multimodal microrobots are of growing interest due to their capabilities to navigate diverse terrains, with promising applications in inspection, exploration, and biomedicine. Despite remarkable progress, it remains challenging to combine the attributes of excellent maneuverability, low power consumption, and high robustness in a single multimodal microrobot. We propose an architected design of a passively morphing wheel that can be stabilized at distinct geometric configurations, relying on asymmetric bending stiffness of bioinspired tentacle structures.

Exploring the Role of Flexoelectric Effect in Band Modulation in 1D MoS/Boron Phosphide Nanotube Heterostructures.

Designing and discovering superior type-II band alignment are crucial for advancing optoelectronic device technologies. Here, we employ first-principles calculations to investigate the evolution of band edges in monolayer MoS, boron phosphide (BP), and MoS/BP heterostructures before and after their rolling into nanotubes. Our research results indicate that the intrinsic MoS/BP vertical heterostructures exhibit a type-II direct bandgap, but this feature is not robust under strain.

Degradation of polyamide nanofiltration membranes by free chlorine and halide ions: Kinetics, mechanisms, and implications.

The kinetics of polyamide membrane degradation by free chlorine and halide ions (Br and Cl) were innovatively evaluated based on physicochemical properties and filtration performance, using water/solute permeability coefficient in addition to bromide incorporation as important indicators. The reaction rate constants for the reduced water and HBO permeability coefficient were 1-2 orders of magnitude higher at 0-1 h than 1-10 h. N-bromination and bromination-promoted hydrolysis are dominant degradation mechanisms at 0-1 h (reflected by the breakage of hydrogen bond, the increased Ca binding content, and the increased charge density), and ring-bromination further occurs at 1-10 h (reflected by the disappearance or weakening of aromatic amide band and the nearly constant hydrogen bond).

Assessing the feasibility of atmospheric water vapor monitoring with standalone BDS receiver.

The accurate monitoring of atmospheric water vapor is important for disaster prevention and environmental management. The ground-based BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) technique for atmospheric water vapor monitoring has demonstrated high accuracy and stable performance. Considering autonomy and safety, the standalone BDS receiver will be promoted in China and its surrounding areas for meteorological applications.

CoP electrocatalysts embedded in nitrogen-doped carbon as a host toward fast iodine conversions.

Herein, well-dispersed cobalt phosphide (CoP) electrocatalysts embedded in nitrogen-doped carbon (CoP@NC) were developed as an iodine host for zinc iodine batteries. Benefiting from the high electrical conductivity of the carbon matrix and the strong interaction as well as the efficient electrocatalytic activity of CoP with iodine species, the host achieved rapid iodine conversion while effectively suppressing the formation of polyiodides and zinc dendrites.

Recent Progress and Challenges of Li-Rich Mn-Based Cathode Materials for Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Li-rich Mn-based (LRM) cathode materials, characterized by their high specific capacity (>250 mAh g¹) and cost-effectiveness, represent promising candidates for next-generation lithium-ion batteries. However, their commercial application is hindered by rapid capacity degradation and voltage fading, which can be attributed to transition metal migration, lattice oxygen release, and the toxicity of Mn ions to the anode solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Recently, the application of LRM cathode in all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) has garnered significant interest, as this approach eliminates the liquid electrolyte, thereby suppressing transition metal crosstalk and solid-liquid interfacial side reactions.

A Novel Multi-Objective Trajectory Planning Method for Robots Based on the Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm.

The three performance indexes of the space robot, travel time, energy consumption, and smoothness, are the key to its important role in space exploration. Therefore, this paper proposes a multi-objective trajectory planning method for robots. Firstly, the kinematics and dynamics of the Puma560 robot are analyzed to lay the foundation for trajectory planning.

Adaptive Channel Division and Subchannel Allocation for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access-Based Airborne Power Line Communication Networks.

This paper addresses the critical needs of the aviation industry in advancing towards More Electric Aircraft (MEA) by leveraging power line communication (PLC) technology, which merges data and power transmission to offer substantial reductions in aircraft system weight and cost. We introduce pioneering algorithms for channel division and subchannel allocation within Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA)-based airborne PLC networks, aimed at optimizing network performance in key areas such as throughput, average delay, and fairness. The proposed channel division algorithm dynamically adjusts the count of subchannels to maximize Channel Division Gain (CDG), responding adeptly to fluctuations in network conditions and node density.

Structural Online Damage Identification and Dynamic Reliability Prediction Method Based on Unscented Kalman Filter.

As sensor monitoring technology continues to evolve, structural online monitoring and health management have found numerous applications across various fields. However, challenges remain concerning the real-time diagnosis of structural damage and the accuracy of dynamic reliability predictions. In this paper, a structural online damage identification and dynamic reliability prediction method based on Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) is presented.

Study on the Preparation and Test Method of Transformer Oil Used in Laboratory.

The power transformer is one of the most important parts of a power system. The transformer oil in a transformer not only increases its insulation strength, but also helps its cooling. Cellulose particles are one of the main factors affecting the breakdown characteristics of transformer oil, and the withstand voltage test can effectively detect the quality of transformer oil.

Enhanced Interfacial Properties of Carbon Fiber/Polymerization of Monomers Reactants Method Polyimide Composite by Polyimide Sizing.

Carbon fiber (CF)-reinforced polyimide (PI) resin matrix composites have great application potential in areas such as rail transport, medical devices, and aerospace due to their excellent thermal stability, dielectric properties, solvent resistance, and mechanical properties. However, the epoxy sizing agent used for traditional carbon fiber cannot withstand the processing temperature of polyimide resin, of up to 350 °C, resulting in the formation of pores or defects at the interface between the fiber and the resin matrix, leading to the degradation of the overall composite properties. To overcome this problem, in this study, a low-molecular-weight thermosetting polyimide sizing agent was prepared and the processability of the sized carbon fiber was optimized by a thermoplastic polyimide.

A Novel Simulation Model of Shielding Performance Based on the Anisotropic Magnetic Property of Magnetic Shields.

To achieve a near-zero magnetic field environment, the use of permalloy sheets with high-performance magnetic properties is essential. However, mainstream welding processes for magnetically shielded rooms (MSRs), such as argon arc welding and laser welding, can degrade the magnetic properties of the material. Additionally, neglecting the anisotropy of permalloy sheets can introduce unpredictable errors in the evaluation of MSR performance.

Study on Type IV Cracking Behavior of T92/Super304H Dissimilar Steel Welded Joints in Long-Term Service.

The microstructure and residual mechanical properties of several groups of T92/Super304H dissimilar steel welded joints (hereinafter referred to as welded joints) in service for 70,000~85,000 h were analyzed. The results show that the early service history of the welded joint results in the polygonization of the martensite lath and the coarsening of the precipitated phase on the side of T92 steel. In the further creep process, the cavities nucleate along the precipitated phase interface and the triple junction grain boundary.

Analysis and Validation of Lightweight Carriage Structures Using Basalt Fiber Composites.

With the growth in road transport volume and increasingly stringent environmental regulations, the use of lightweight dump trucks not only reduces fuel consumption but also enhances transport efficiency, aligning with the principles of green development. It has now become a key focus in the field of heavy-duty vehicle research. The carriage is located at the rear of the dump truck, connected to the chassis, and serves as the box for carrying cargo, making its strength and durability crucial.

Effect of Hydrophobic Fumed Silica on Bending Strength of Sodium Silicate-Bonded Sand Cores.

Inorganic sand cores involving sodium silicate binder and microsilica have environmental advantages during the casting process of aluminum alloy. Nevertheless, the bending strength of sodium silicate-bonded sand (SSBS) needs to be further improved. In this research, the effect of hydrophobic fumed silica on the bending strength of sand cores was studied.

Roughing Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanosheets for Loading of Monatomic Fe and Electroreduction of CO to CO.

The catalyst is the pivotal component in CO electroreduction systems for converting CO into valuable products. Carbon-based single-atom materials (CSAMs) have emerged as promising catalyst candidates due to their low cost and high atomic utilization efficiency. The rational design of the morphology and microstructure of such materials is desirable but poses a challenge.

Spintronic terahertz metasurface emission characterized by scanning near-field nanoscopy.

Understanding the ultrafast excitation, detection, transportation, and manipulation of nanoscale spin dynamics in the terahertz (THz) frequency range is critical to developing spintronic THz optoelectronic nanodevices. However, the diffraction limitation of the sub-millimeter waves - THz wavelengths - has impaired experimental investigation of spintronic THz nano-emission. Here, we present an approach to studying laser THz emission nanoscopy from W|CoFeB|Pt metasurfaces with ∼60-nm lateral spatial resolution.

Discordance in biomarker expression between primary breast cancers and loco-regional recurrences: a comprehensive analysis of 112 cases.

Background: Breast cancer is a complex disease encompassing multiple phenotypic and genetic subtypes. The biomarker status of primary and recurrent lesions may be dissimilar, and changes in biomarker status may inform clinical decision-making. The expression of biomarkers between primary breast cancers and loco-regional recurrences lacked large sample studies.