Identification and Characterization of the Y-Organ of Orange Mud Crab Scylla Olivacea.

The Y-organs (YOs) synthesize and secrete molting hormones, and thus regulate crustacean growth and reproduction. However, the YOs of the orange mud crab Scylla olivacea is yet to be described due to its minute size and ambiguous feature. This study describes the location, morphological characteristics, histology, and the changes of YOs at different molt stages, and examines in vitro ecdysteroid secreted by the YOs of S.

Design, synthesis, and molecular docking of 4‑Thiol‑N‑acetylhexosamine uridine diphosphate donors for glycan synthesis.

Unnatural chemically modified nucleotide sugars UDP-4-SH-GalNAc was synthesized for the first time from a previously reported Benzyl 2-Amino-glucoypranoside derivative, with a total yield of 18.6%. UDP-4-SH-GalNAc was smaller in size than UDP-GalNAc calculated by Multiwfn, and its binding capability with glycosyltransferase was stronger than that of UDP-GalNAc and glycosyltransferase, which means the unnatural nucleotide sugars is equally well recognized by the enzyme and doped into the sugar chains.

Kinematic Analysis of Plasticization and Transportation System of Tri-Screw Dynamic Extruder.

With the growing demand for high-performance polymer composites, conventional single- and twin-screw extruders often fall short of meeting industrial requirements for effective mixing and compounding. This research investigates the kinematic behavior of the plasticization and transport mechanisms in tri-screw extruders when subjected to a vibrational force field. The study specifically examines how applying vibrational force technology can improve the efficiency of polymer mixing.

Multi-indicator assessment of heavy metal pollution in Qinzhou Harbour sediments: Unraveling ecological and human health risks.

The study of heavy metal content in the sediments of the coastal zone of Qinzhou Harbour was used to analyse the level, distribution and sources of heavy metal pollution in the region and its hazards to the ecological environment and human health. The results showed that the average concentrations of Mn, Ni, Cr, Cu, and Pb exceeded background values along the shores of Qinzhou Harbour, Guangxi. Comprehensive assessments using Igeo, RI, and PLI identified Cu, Ni, and Pb as primary contaminants in the area, presenting slight to moderate ecological risks and biological toxic effects.

Effects of light intensity on the antioxidant activity, ATPases, and digestive enzymes of crimson snapper (Lutjanus erythropterus) juveniles during long-hour road transport.

The transportation of fish larvae or juveniles from hatcheries to rearing farms is a crucial process in aquaculture, as most fish farms are located far from hatcheries. Among abiotic parameters, light intensity is an important factor affecting the physiology and biochemistry of teleost fish. To date, most studies on fish transportation have focused on identifying the optimum stocking density, while little is known about the optimum light intensity for transporting hatchery-produced juvenile Crimson snapper (Lutjanus erythropterus).

Acute hypoxia stress mediates axis to facilitate the infection of in .

Introduction: Hypoxia stress renders aquatic animals more susceptible to bacterial disease, yet the underlying mechanism remains elusive.

Methods: We conducted an acute hypoxia stress experiment to investigate the impact of stress on the immune response of via transcriptome analysis, RT-qPCR and Western blot.

Results: Our results showed that acute hypoxia stress disrupted the tissue architecture, and significantly changed the gene expression profiles in the hepatopancreas of shrimp.

A Phaeocystis bloom in the northern Beibu Gulf reflects nutrient-driven shifts in dominant phytoplankton taxa.

Large-scale Phaeocystis globosa blooms in the Beibu Gulf have adversely affected marine ecosystems and the functioning of a nuclear power plant. To understand the formation mechanisms for such large-scale blooms, we examined the P. globosa bloom dynamics in the northern Beibu Gulf from September 2015 to March 2016 in association with changes in phytoplankton community and environmental factors.

Molecular characterization of doublesex and Mab-3 (DMRT) gene family in Ctenopharyngodon idella (grass carp).

Doublesex and Mab-3 (DMRT) gene family is a diverse group of transcriptional factors crucially involved in sex differentiation and biological processes such as body growth and differentiation in vertebrates. In this study, we analyzed DMRT genes structural characterization and physiochemical properties, and elucidated their functional role as a ligand of different gonadal receptors including androgen (AR), estrogen β (ER-β), estrogen γ (ER-γ), and progesterone (PR). All six genes of the DMRT gene family in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon Idella Valenciennes, 1844) exhibited an acidic nature.

The effect of Mesona blume straw fermented by Ganoderma lucidum to improve physicochemical, in vitro digestion and gut bacteria of noodles.

Mesona blume straw (MBS) is a class of high-fiber, low-value Mesona blume's colloid by-products. We investigated the changes in dietary fiber (DF), triterpenoid, and polysaccharide contents of fermented Mesona blume straw (FMBS) by Ganoderma lucidum (GL), we also examined the effect of adding FMBS at different levels (0 %, 5 %, 10 %, and 15 %) on cooking quality, texture, in vitro starch digestibility and in vitro fermentation broth properties and gut bacteria of noodles. The results showed that after fermentation, soluble dietary fiber (SDF) increased by 16.

Effects of hypoxia on survival, apoptosis, and the transcriptome of the Chinese yellow pond turtle (Mauremys mutica).

Mauremys mutica is a widely cultured pond turtle in China that can hold its breath underwater for up to 7 h. However, the adaptive mechanism of this hypoxia-resistant phenotype remains unknown. In the present study, no M.

BrainNet: an automated approach for brain stress prediction utilizing electrodermal activity signal with XLNet model.

Brain stress monitoring has emerged as a critical research area for understanding and managing stress and neurological health issues. This burgeoning field aims to provide accurate information and prediction about individuals' stress levels by analyzing behavioral data and physiological signals. To address this emerging problem, this research study proposes an innovative approach that uses an attention mechanism-based XLNet model (called BrainNet) for continuous stress monitoring and stress level prediction.

Cross-linked Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr. starch and chitosan with sodium trimetaphosphate: Structure, physicochemical properties and in vitro digestibility.

The inherent limitations of native starch considerably restrict its applications in the food industry. To enhance its processing properties, Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr.

Dissolved N pollution and its biogeochemical constraints along a river-sea continuum of a typical dense oyster mariculture coastal water, northwest South China Sea.

Dissolved nutrients, including nitrate (NO-N) and its dual isotopes (δN-NO and δO-NO) were systematically studied along a river-sea continuum, wherein dense oyster mariculture is implemented, to constrain the pollution sources and biogeochemical cycling mechanisms of nitrogen (N). Total dissolved N, mainly composed of inorganic N, showed strong anthropogenic influence. Based on MixSIAR model results, N pollution was predominantly sourced from sewage/wastewater (55.

The influence of temperature and river runoff on phytoplankton community diversity in Beibu Gulf: insight from 18 S rDNA metabarcoding analysis.

Background: Sanniang Bay (SNB) and Dafeng River (DFR), located in the northern Beibu Gulf, is well-known as one of the eight habitats for humpback dolphins in China. This region is representative of typical estuarine and bay ecosystems and produce complex hydrodynamic seawater conditions. Moreover, anthropogenic pressure, such as eutrophication and large-scale infrastructure projects, have caused ongoing habitat deterioration and loss.

Efficient epoxidation of (R)-(+)-limonene to limonene dioxide through peracids generated using whole-cell Rhizopus oryzae lipase.

Limonene dioxide (LDO) is essential for manufacturing bio-based polycarbonate and non-isocyanate polyurethanes. Herein, we report a strategy for the chemoenzymatic epoxidation of (R)-(+)-limonene to LDO with high selectivity using Rhizopus oryzae whole cells. The presence of sufficient excess acid in the system is essential, in addition to overcoming the hydrolysis of the intermediate product, 1,2-limonene oxide, to accomplish the double epoxidation of limonene.

Cross-linking Arenga pinnata starch and chitosan by citric acid: Structure and properties.

In order to improve the processing and digestibility of the Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr. starch (APS), low concentration citric acid (CA) and chitosan (CS) were used for dual modification.