Prevalence of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Genes in Isolates From Colonic Biopsies of Iranian Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background And Aims: Emerging evidence suggests that ciprofloxacin and other quinolones can be effectively used as adjuncts to immunosuppressive therapy in managing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Clinical isolates of Enterobacterales frequently exhibit quinolone resistance. Additionally, increased IBD severity has been linked to the proliferation of Enterobacterales in the gut.

Effect of astigmatism and spherical equivalent correction on contrast sensitivity.

Aim: To investigate the effect of astigmatism and spherical equivalent (SE) correction on contrast sensitivity (CS).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 103 visually normal subjects aged 18 to 36y with bilateral regular astigmatism in range of 1.00 diopter cylinder (DC) to 4.

Excessive exposure to nitrate and nitrite boosts progression of isolated impaired fasting glucose to type 2 diabetes: a cohort study.

Objectives: This cohort study investigated the possible association of dietary nitrate (NO)/nitrite (NO) intake and risk of progression to type 2 diabetes (T2D) across different phenotypes of prediabetes (Pre-DM).

Methods: A total of 1586 adults diagnosed with Pre-DM [i.e.

Development and efficacy of mobile application to improve medication adherence for persons with cardiac disease.

Background: Patients with cardiovascular disease need to adhere to their treatment and care recommendations to prevent the progression of their condition and improve their quality of life. In this regard, this study was conducted to develop a mobile application and test its effectiveness in improving medication adherence among persons with cardiac disease.

Methods: The study was conducted in two stages.

The Effect of Sevoflurane and Propofol on the Status of Renal Complications in Traumatic Injury Patients Following Laminectomy Surgery.

Objectives: Laminectomy is one of the most prevalent back surgeries. Considering the importance of controlling and minimizing surgical complications, this study was conducted to determine the effect of Sevoflurane and Propofol on the state of renal complications in patients undergoing laminectomy surgery.

Methods: This clinical trial was conducted in Ilam (Iran).

Targeting cellular senescence in kidney diseases and aging: A focus on mesenchymal stem cells and their paracrine factors.

Cellular senescence is a phenomenon distinguished by the halting of cellular division, typically triggered by DNA injury or numerous stress-inducing factors. Cellular senescence is implicated in various pathological and physiological processes and is a hallmark of aging. The presence of accumulated senescent cells, whether transiently (acute senescence) or persistently (chronic senescence) plays a dual role in various conditions such as natural kidney aging and different kidney disorders.

Agenda-setting for iron deficiency anaemia prevention and control policies in Iran by multiple streams framework.

Background: According to the WHO report and evaluations, Iran has a moderate prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). The present study evaluates Iran's IDA prevention and control policies by analysing the agenda-setting policy using the multiple streams framework (MSF).

Methods: The present study used Kingdon's MSF model to analyse policies related to IDA in Iran qualitatively.

Barriers and facilitators of tuberculosis treatment among immigrants: an integrative review.

Background And Objectives: Migration, as an important social determinant in the field of health, plays a crucial role in the non-eradication of tuberculosis worldwide. Therefore, it is essential to identify the factors related to tuberculosis treatment in immigrants to effectively combat this disease. However no comprehensive study has focused on this issue.

Chronic kidney disease and adherence improvement program by clinical pharmacist-provided medication therapy management; a quasi-experimental assessment of patients' self-care perception and practice.

Rationale: One of the critical roles of pharmacists in the field of community and hospitals is to provide medication therapy management (MTM) services and reconciliation.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the perceptions, adherence, and performance of the patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) to the clinical pharmacist-provided MTM before and after receiving this service.

Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from June 2023 to January 2024.

Exploring the determinants of malnutrition in 2-5 year Iranian children using structural equation modeling: national food and nutrition surveillance.

Background: Childhood malnutrition remains a critical public health challenge in low- and middle-income countries, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality among children aged 2-5 years. This study was undertaken to assess the nutritional status of 2-5 y children and to explore the main determinants of child malnutrition in eight food insecure provinces of Iran.

Methods: In each province, participants were invited to attend the health house/center to complete the questionnaire on the pre-appointed day.

Bayesian age-period-cohort projection of cancers in Iran: a modeling study.

Introduction: Cancer is a significant public health issue in Iran, and its incidence has been on the rise in recent years. The objective of this study is to predict the incidence of total cancer in Iran using a Bayesian age-period-cohort (APC) model.

Methods: Utilizing age-period-cohort modeling, this study assessed the multifaceted effects of age, period, and cohort on cancer incidence during the period spanning 2005 to 2017.

Design and analysis of a telemonitoring system for high-risk pregnant women in need of special care or attention.

Background: High-risk pregnancies, characterized by underlying health issues or unusual circumstances, pose increased risks to both maternal and neonatal health during pregnancy and childbirth. Global guidelines emphasize the importance of early identification, monitoring, and intervention to mitigate these risks.

Method: We decided to design and implement a telemonitoring system for remotely monitoring and managing pregnancies in women with conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, or high-risk pregnancy.

Investigation of integron classes 1, 2, and 3 among multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates in Iran: a multi-center study.

Background: Rising methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses a global health threat, contributing to serious infections with high mortality rates. Integrons are recognized as significant genetic elements in disseminating multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. This study focuses on assessing the prevalence of integron classes 1, 2, and 3 in S.

Unravelling intubation challenges: a machine learning approach incorporating multiple predictive parameters.

Background: To protect patients during anesthesia, difficult airway management is a serious issue that needs to be carefully planned for and carried out. Machine learning prediction tools have recently become increasingly common in medicine, frequently surpassing more established techniques. This study aims to utilize machine learning techniques on predictive parameters for challenging airway management.

Postural adjustment and muscle activity during each phase of gait initiation in chronic ankle instability: an observational study.

Background: Gait initiation (GI) can be divided into three sections according to the center of pressure (COP) trace (S1, S2, and S3). Almost all studies do not separate each phase of the GI profile in postural control assessment and muscular investigation, whereas differences in the COP and muscles are found in each phase of the GI profile in people with gait problems.

Methods: Twenty individuals with CAI and twenty healthy controls were included in the present study.

Effects of trehalose on bone healing, physical function, and pain in patients with pertrochanteric fractures: a randomized controlled trial protocol.

Background: Appropriate management of fractures is crucial for restoring natural bone function and preventing long-term complications. Previous research on animal models indicates that trehalose can improve bone fracture healing by inhibiting the inflammatory cascade. We hope that trehalose can accelerate bone fracture healing in humans, alleviate pain, and ultimately enhance the individual's quality of life.

Type 2 diabetes-related sarcopenia: role of nitric oxide.

Sarcopenia, characterized by progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle (SkM) mass, strength, and physical performance, is a prevalent complication in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Nitric oxide (NO), a multifunctional gasotransmitter involved in whole-body glucose and insulin homeostasis, plays key roles in normal SkM physiology and function. Here, we highlight the role of NO in SkM mass maintenance and its potential contribution to the development of T2D-related sarcopenia.

Evaluating the effect of acute myeloblastic leukemia-derived exosomes on the human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell proliferation.

Background: The progression of leukemia is substantially associated with the interactions of leukemic cells with surrounding cells within the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM), and these interactions were facilitated using exosomes as vital mediators. The current study aimed to examine the proliferative effects of exosomes derived from the HL-60 cell line, a representative of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), on the cell cycle progression of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (hBM-MSCs), a key element of the BMM.

Methods And Results: hBM-MSCs were treated with different concentrations of AML-derived exosomes from the HL-60 cell line.

In vitro ultrastructure and biodegradation of activated plasma albumin gel derived from human samples: A prospective observational study.

Background: In soft tissue regeneration, the clinical efficacy of fibrin membranes has been a pressing concern. The key to this efficacy lies in the stability of membrane and its controlled absorption. Human serum albumin, with its influence on the formation and stability of fibrin networks, could hold the key to developing a more stable alternative.

Challenges in Toileting Evaluation and Interventions for Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Delphi Study.

Importance: Toileting difficulties have a significant impact on the daily lives of children with cerebral palsy (CP), yet research on this issue remains inadequate. There is a critical need to better understand the challenges health care professionals face in addressing toileting difficulties.

Objective: To explore challenges faced by health care professionals in toileting evaluation and interventions for children with CP ages 6-18 yr.

Corneal thickness, contrast sensitivity and binocular vision in menopausal and non-menopausal women.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of menopause on ocular health and visual function.

Method: Sixty-two women (31 premenopausal and 31 postmenopausal) who visited Rasht Health Center were selected and matched based on their ages and compared in terms of their hormonal status, central corneal thickness (CCT), contrast sensitivity (CS), binocular vision variables and refractive error.

Results: CCT and corneal curvature were significantly thinner in postmenopausal women.

Exploring the dual role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in urological cancers: Implications for tumor progression and cell death interactions.

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is crucial for maintaining calcium balance, lipid biosynthesis, and protein folding. Disruptions in ER homeostasis, often due to the accumulation of misfolded or unfolded proteins, lead to ER stress, which plays a significant role in various diseases, especially cancer. Urological cancers, which account for high male mortality worldwide, pose a persistent challenge due to their incurability and tendency to develop drug resistance.