Twenty-four-month interim results from a prospective, single-arm clinical trial evaluating the performance and safety of cellular bone allograft in patients undergoing lumbar spinal fusion.

Background: Autologous bone grafts are the gold standard for spinal fusion; however, harvesting autologous bone can result in donor site infection, hematomas, increased operative time, and prolonged pain. Cellular bone allografts (CBAs) are a viable alternative that avoids the need for bone harvesting and may increase fusion success alone or when used as an adjunct material. The present study examined the efficacy and safety of CBA when used as an adjunct graft material to lumbar arthrodesis.

Isolated Osteomyelitis of the Thumb in the Setting of Colostomy Bag Change: A Case Report.

Osteomyelitis is an inflammation of the bone tissue that results from an infection. Bacteria can reach the bone through the bloodstream. Predisposed individuals include immunocompromised patients, such as diabetics and HIV patients.

Mini-augmented glenoid baseplate and mini-humeral tray reverse total shoulder arthroplasty implant comparisons: two-year clinical outcomes.

Background: Augmented glenoid baseplate and offset humeral tray reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) implants may decrease the mechanical impingement that creates scapular notching and improve shoulder function. This study evaluated the clinical efficacy of three different RTSA glenoid baseplate and offset humeral tray combinations for patient-reported shoulder function, pain and instability, radiographic imaging evidence of glenoid baseplate or humeral stem subsidence and migration, bony changes associated with implant loosening, and scapular notching over the initial 2 years post-RTSA. Primary outcomes included active shoulder mobility, perceived function, pain, instability, scapular notching, and implant survival.

Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Stimulation in Lumbar Spine Fusion for Patients With Risk Factors for Pseudarthrosis.

Background: Lumbar spinal fusion surgeries are increasing steadily due to an aging and ever-growing population. Patients undergoing lumbar spinal fusion surgery may present with risk factors that contribute to complications, pseudarthrosis, prolonged pain, and reduced quality of life. Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) stimulation represents an adjunct noninvasive treatment intervention that has been shown to improve successful fusion and patient outcomes following spinal surgery.

Characteristics of distal femoral articular cartilage in 6 weeks posttraumatic osteoarthritis by a subcritical impact.

Traumatized knee greatly contributes to osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee in young adults. To intervene effectively before the onset of severe structural disruption, detection of the disease at the early onset is crucial. In this study, we put together the findings for the detection of OA from the femoral knee joint cartilage of the rabbit at 6 weeks posttrauma.

Empagliflozin in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial.

Background: Empagliflozin has been proposed as a treatment for COVID-19 on the basis of its anti-inflammatory, metabolic, and haemodynamic effects. The RECOVERY trial aimed to assess its safety and efficacy in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19.

Methods: In the randomised, controlled, open-label RECOVERY trial, several possible treatments are compared with usual care in patients hospitalised with COVID-19.

Risk Factors for Glenoid Bone Loss in the Setting of Posterior Glenohumeral Instability.

Background: Posterior instability has been reported to account for up to 24% of cases of shoulder instability in certain active populations. However, there is a paucity of data available regarding the risk factors associated with posterior glenoid bone loss.

Purpose: To characterize the epidemiology of, and risk factors associated with, glenoid bone loss within a cohort of patients who underwent primary arthroscopic shoulder stabilization for isolated posterior-type glenohumeral instability.

The British Orthopaedic Oncology Management (BOOM) audit.

Aims: Most patients with advanced malignancy suffer bone metastases, which pose a significant challenge to orthopaedic services and burden to the health economy. This study aimed to assess adherence to the British Orthopaedic Oncology Society (BOOS)/British Orthopaedic Association (BOA) guidelines on patients with metastatic bone disease (MBD) in the UK.

Methods: A prospective, multicentre, national collaborative audit was designed and delivered by a trainee-led collaborative group.

Long-Term Health Outcomes of Limb Salvage Compared with Amputation for Combat-Related Trauma.

Background: There are little long-term health data, particularly in terms of body composition and development of metabolic syndromes, to help surgeons to guide the decision between limb salvage and amputation in patients with limb-threatening trauma. The purpose of this study was to compare long-term health outcomes after high-energy lower-extremity trauma between patients who underwent attempted flap-based limb salvage or amputation.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of servicemembers with a minimum 10-year follow-up who underwent flap-based limb salvage followed by unilateral amputation or continued limb salvage after combat-related, lower-extremity trauma between 2005 and 2011.

Ollier Disease: A Case Report and Review of Treatment Options.

Ollier disease is a rare skeletal dysplasia characterized by the formation of multiple enchondromas (enchondromatosis), typically in the long bones of the extremities. These tumors are benign but can become complicated by the development of pathologic fractures, limb deformity, and malignant transformation to chondrosarcoma. Ollier disease has a highly variable presentation and is associated with a range of presenting findings; however, the most common presentation is a pathologic fracture.

Conventional anatomical landmark versus preprocedural ultrasound for thoracic epidural analgesia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Thoracic epidural analgesia is the gold standard for major thoracic and abdominal surgeries.

Aim: Ultrasound-guided and landmark-based thoracic epidural insertion are compared in this systematic review.

Methods: Randomised controlled trials were sought in six databases for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Predictors of Skip Laminotomy for Placement of Paddle Leads for Spinal Cord Stimulation.

Objectives: Placement of a standard paddle lead for spinal cord stimulation (SCS) requires a laminotomy for positioning of the lead within the epidural space. During initial placement, an additional laminotomy or laminectomy, termed a "skip" laminotomy, may be necessary at a higher level to pass the lead to the appropriate midline position. Patient and radiographic factors that predict the need for a skip laminotomy have yet to be identified.

Surgical site infection prophylaxis with intra-wound vancomycin powder for uninstrumented spine surgeries: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: It is unclear if intra-wound vancomycin powder significantly reduces the infection rate for uninstrumented spine surgery. The purpose of this study is to compare the rate of surgical site infection (SSI) in uninstrumented spine surgery that used vancomycin powder against controls.

Methods: A search was performed on PUBMED/MEDLINE, Cochrane Database and Embase on 14 October 2022.

Efficacy of teprotumumab therapy in patients with long-duration thyroid eye disease.

Purpose Of Review: Teprotumumab, an inhibitor of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R), was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in January 2020 for the treatment of thyroid eye disease (TED). The clinical trials leading to its approval enrolled patients with recent disease onset and significant inflammatory symptoms and signs. Subsequent real-world teprotumumab use in patients with longer duration of disease also may be effective, and there have been several publications reporting on experience in these patient groups.

Shoulder arthroplasty in the setting of previous stabilization surgery: a systematic review of matched case control studies at minimum 2 years follow-up.

Background: Anterior shoulder instability causes considerable patient morbidity and the volume of shoulder stabilization surgery being performed annually is rising. Despite stabilization surgery, instability arthropathy in the long-term may arise requiring consideration of shoulder arthroplasty. This study evaluated the outcomes of shoulder arthroplasty following previous stabilization surgery with their associated changes in bony anatomy or soft tissue structure.

Parosteal osteosarcoma of the temporal bone: Case report.

Parosteal osteosarcomas (POS) are well-differentiated low-grade malignant sarcomas that are located on the surface of the bone. POS of the temporal bone is exceptionally rare, with less than a hand full of cases present in modern literature. Here, we report a POS of the temporal bone found incidentally and with an uncharacteristic presentation.

Geriatric proximal humerus fracture operative management: a Truven Health Analytics database study (2015-2020).

Background: The purpose of this study is to assess the trends in operative management of geriatric (≥65 years) proximal humerus fractures during a 6-year period (2015-2020) within an insurance claims database.

Methods: This retrospective database cohort study used data gathered from the 2015-2020 IBM Truven MarketScan Commercial and IBM Truven MarketScan Medicare Supplemental databases. The International Statistical Classification of Disease and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision, data was correlated to the Current Procedural Terminology code for shoulder arthroplasty (proximal humeral prosthetic replacement: 23616, shoulder hemiarthroplasty [HA]: 23470, reverse total shoulder arthroplasty [rTSA]: 23472) or open reduction internal fixation (ORIF; open treatment of proximal humerus fracture with internal fixation: 23615, open treatment of proximal humerus fracture-dislocation with internal fixation: 23680).

Pediatric Distal Tibia Physeal Injury Presenting with Acute In-toeing: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Ankle fractures are among the most common fractures sustained in the pediatric population. Given the frequency of physeal involvement of the distal fragment, complications including growth arrest, overgrowth, and rotational deformities are not uncommon. This case report describes a 12-year-old adolescent boy who presented after an acute right ankle injury sustained while playing.

Isolated medial patellofemoral reconstruction outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Treatment of patellar instability remains up for debate, and a combination of tibial tubercle osteotomy and medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLr) of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) has become the mainstay treatment for recurrent lateral patellar dislocation. Due to limited small studies, there remains a variety of surgical techniques still being practiced. The use of MPFL reconstruction, in isolation, has demonstrated promise.